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Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nikkan Das et al.
Summary: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) after COVID-19 is commonly associated with cardiac involvement. Cardiac dysfunction and abnormal strain are common findings in MIS-C at presentation. While left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) often normalizes by 2 months, persistently abnormal global longitudinal strain (GLS) is more common, suggesting ongoing subclinical dysfunction.
PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Annaleise R. Howard-Jones et al.
Summary: The global disruption of the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted every child's life in various ways, with most children experiencing mild symptoms from SARS-CoV-2 infection, but potentially facing more complex symptoms in post-infectious manifestations. Given the significant differences in clinical manifestations, treatment availability, and impacts in children compared to adults, prioritizing research specifically examining COVID-19 in children is crucial.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
David M. Barris et al.
Summary: At midterm follow-up visits, most patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children showed resolution of left ventricular dysfunction and coronary aneurysms. Late gadolinium enhancement was not observed in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Marta Bartoszek et al.
Summary: In children with Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS), there were no persistent cardiac changes observed on cardiac MRI approximately 3 months post hospitalization, suggesting that cardiac involvement during PIMS-TS may be a transient inflammatory response rather than direct and potentially persistent injury from the virus.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James Wong et al.
Summary: Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) causes widespread inflammation including pancarditis following a COVID infection. Understanding the medium-term cardiac impacts of this condition is important for allocating healthcare resources. A study found that most patients' cardiac function fully recovered within 8 weeks, but patients with aneurysms may require ongoing monitoring.
PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
D. Sirico et al.
Summary: This study describes the early and mid-term cardiac abnormalities in patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) with cardiovascular manifestations, using standard and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) and cardiac MRI (CMR). The results show that cardiac involvement significantly improves during follow-up, but subclinical myocardial dysfunction is still detectable in a proportion of patients after 6 months.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Michael P. DiLorenzo et al.
Summary: This study aimed to assess the myocardial condition of MIS-C patients 6-9 months after hospitalization. The cardiac MRI findings revealed minimal residual myocardial damage and functional impairment in these children, indicating the need for further research on long-term implications.
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Audrey Dionne et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the frequency, characteristics, and outcomes of tachyarrhythmias in children and adolescents hospitalized with acute severe COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome. Tachyarrhythmias were rare complications, associated with worse clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nicoletta Cantarutti et al.
Summary: MIS-C is a multi-system inflammatory syndrome characterized by multi-organ failure and cardiac involvement. This study aimed to describe the long-term cardiovascular outcomes in pediatric patients with MIS-C. Cardiac involvement was almost universal among the 67 patients included in the study, with most patients presenting with ventricular dysfunction and pericarditis. However, the clinical course of the patients was satisfactory, and no major complications or sequelae were observed except for long-term myocardial scars in some patients. Early treatment not only ensures prompt recovery but also may protect against late adverse events and long-term complications.
Article
Pediatrics
Simone Benvenuto et al.
Summary: In children with MIS-C, the mid-term cardiac outcome is good, despite the severity of heart involvement in the acute phase. Direct cardiac tissue viral invasion may play a role in the pathogenesis of MIS-C.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paraskevi Theocharis et al.
Summary: This study utilized multimodality imaging to describe the cardiac involvement in a new multisystem inflammatory condition following the peak of the UK COVID-19 epidemic in young people. The findings revealed common pancarditis with cardiac dysfunction, myocardial oedema, and coronary artery dilatation, highlighting the need for close monitoring due to the risk of thrombotic myocardial infarction.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
William Regan et al.
Summary: Serial electrocardiograms in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with coronavirus disease showed ECG changes, including low QRS amplitudes and transient T-wave inversion. ST-segment changes and tachyarrhythmias were uncommon in this study.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Christine A. Capone et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the early and midterm outcomes of children with MIS-C, finding that immunomodulatory treatment led to favorable outcomes with normalization of LV function and resolution of coronary abnormalities. Cardiac MRI performed during recovery showed no myocardial inflammation or fibrosis. However, some patients demonstrated persistent diastolic dysfunction during early follow-up, suggesting the need for further research to better understand MIS-C.
Article
Pediatrics
Kanwal M. Farooqi et al.
Summary: In this study, 45 children with MIS-C were followed longitudinally, with the majority presenting critically ill on admission but showing rapid resolution of inflammatory and cardiac manifestations. While most inflammatory markers normalized by 1 to 4 weeks postdischarge, some children exhibited persistent lymphocytosis and elevated levels of double-negative T cells at later follow-up points. Ultimately, only a small proportion of children had persistent echocardiographic abnormalities at 4 to 9 months postdischarge.
Letter
Pediatrics
Patrick Davies et al.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Florence A. Aeschlimann et al.
Summary: This multicenter, international registry aims to describe the clinical and cardiac characteristics of MIS-C associated with COVID-19 in children using CMR. The study found that acute myocarditis is a possible manifestation of MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2, with evidence of myocardial necrosis in 18% of the cohort. CMR may be important in identifying patients at risk for cardiac sequelae and more prone to myocardial damage.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Omar Hejazi et al.
Summary: Children with MIS-C can present with a variety of cardiac complications, most of which resolve during short-term follow-up. Further studies are needed to determine if these short-term cardiac complications are associated with long-term adverse cardiac events in children with MIS-C.
CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
J. P. G. van der Ven et al.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth Whittaker et al.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leora R. Feldstein et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daisuke Matsubara et al.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Frederic Dallaire et al.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
(2016)
Review
Rheumatology
Stanford T. Shulman et al.
NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY
(2015)
