Grain refinement of laser-arc hybrid welded 2219 aluminum alloy by introducing TiB2 particles employing laser pre-cladding

Laser-arc hybrid welding of 2219 aluminum alloy was carried out employing TiB2 particles. By pre-cladding a wide layer, the particles were easy to arrive weld edge, promoting the columnar grains neighboring the fusion line transferred to equiaxed, and the average grain size was reduced by about 50%.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Automated summary

Laser-arc hybrid welding of 2219 aluminum alloy was performed using TiB2 particles to promote the transformation of grain structure and reduce grain size.