4.6 Review

Genetics and athletic performance: a systematic SWOT analysis of non-systematic reviews

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Summary: This study aims to summarize the current understanding of genetic and epigenetic factors in elite athletes and their genomic profile in relation to various factors such as sport-type, sex, ethnicity, psychological traits, and sport injuries. The study found associations between specific gene variants like ACTN3 rs1815739 and ACE I/D polymorphisms with sprint phenotypes in elite athletes. Additionally, athletes may exhibit characteristics of endurance-based or power-based sports, with further research needed on genetic variants related to sex and ethnicity in athletic performance.

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Summary: The impact of genetics on physiology and sports performance is a highly debated topic in sports sciences. Although there have been findings on genetic polymorphisms influencing sports performance traits, it is currently too early to determine how to use genotyping as a tool for predicting performance or improving training methods. Methodological limitations, such as the lack of valid performance phenotype measurements and insufficient athlete cohorts, have made it difficult to interpret study results.

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Javier Alvarez-Romero et al.

Summary: This review summarised the robust and consistent genetic variants associated with aerobic-related and resistance-related phenotypes, highlighting specific SNPs. There is currently limited literature on the interplay between genes, environmental factors, and physiological traits, necessitating large-scale exercise studies to elucidate the functional relevance of discovered genomic markers. This approach aims to promote more rigorous and reproducible research in the field of exercise genomics.

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Gabriel Barreto et al.

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Can Genetic Testing Predict Talent? A Case Study of 5 Elite Athletes

Craig Pickering et al.

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Prediction and Identification of Power Performance Using Polygenic Models of Three Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Chinese Elite Athletes

Ruoyu Yang et al.

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Summary: Genetic and genomic factors are crucial in determining exercise characteristics, but lack of molecular biology or genomics training may lead to flaws in high-quality research. This commentary aims to provide researchers, especially those without genetics background, with recommendations for best practices in research standards and data analysis in the field of exercise systems genetics.

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Milena Appel et al.

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