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Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongjun Song et al.
Summary: This study revealed a novel regulatory mechanism of glucose/iodine metabolic reprogramming in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Under hypoxic conditions, YAP activation accelerated glycolysis and reduced the expression of NIS. In addition, the HIF-1 alpha/YAP signaling indirectly reduced NIS expression. These findings have important implications for understanding the development of aggressive PTC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nicola Tumino et al.
Summary: This study highlights the importance of metabolic interactions between NK cells and the tumor microenvironment and proposes metabolic dysfunction as a major mechanism behind NK cell failure in cancer treatment. The results show that IL15 plays an unprecedented role in the metabolic reprogramming of NK cells, enhancing their antitumor functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongzhuo Huang
Summary: There is a close relationship between cancer metabolism and immunity. Targeting cancer metabolism shows promise as a therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. The Warburg effect, characterized by abnormal glucose metabolism, can modify cancer cells and create a suppressive immune microenvironment.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia Guo et al.
Summary: This study found that adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) is overexpressed in melanoma tissue and is positively correlated with tumor malignancy and advancement. Inhibition of ADORA1 can specifically damage melanoma cells and induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). To compensate for this, researchers designed and fabricated a hybrid nanomedicine that combines ADORA1 inhibitor with PD-L1 blockage, enhancing melanoma immunotherapy.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gyo Jeong Gu et al.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lizhen He et al.
Summary: This study found that human serum albumin-encapsulated black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs@HSA) can effectively enhance the antitumor efficacy of NK cell immunotherapy derived from clinical patients. By activating the PI3K-Akt and mTOR signaling pathways, BPQDs@HSA reprograms NK cell metabolism, promotes cellular viability and immunity, and inhibits tumor immune escape. This research not only provides a successful strategy for nanomedicine-potentiated immune-cancer therapy, but also contributes to the understanding of the interface between nanomedicine and immune cell activation.
Review
Oncology
Kaipeng Jin et al.
Summary: COX-2 and PGE2 play important roles in chronic inflammatory diseases, increasing tumor incidence and promoting tumor growth and metastasis. The COX-2-PGE2 pathway affects tumor-associated immune cells and promotes tumor immune evasion.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuang Liang et al.
Summary: Immunotherapy has made significant progress in cancer therapy, but it still faces challenges such as low response rates and immune-related adverse events. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has gained attention for treating deep-seated tumors and can trigger systemic anti-tumor immune response through immunogenic cell death. Nanotechnology has revolutionized SDT, leading to the development of innovative nanosonosensitizers and synergistic treatment modalities. This review summarizes the recent advances in cancer sonodynamic immunotherapy and explores how nanotechnology can enhance the anti-tumor immune response.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Emily N. Arner et al.
Summary: Increased glucose metabolism and uptake are characteristic of many tumors and used clinically to diagnose and monitor cancer progression. Cooperation and competition between different cell populations within the tumor microenvironment (TME) drive tumor proliferation, progression, metastasis, and immune evasion. Targeting metabolic heterogeneity within the TME may offer therapeutic opportunities to overcome immune suppression and enhance immunotherapies.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mingming Zheng et al.
Summary: Lipids play a crucial role in tumor biology and the cancer-immunity cycle, influencing antigen presentation, T-cell priming and activation, and T-cell killing of cancer cells. Modulating lipids may offer an effective strategy for enhancing antitumor immunity and synergizing with immunotherapy.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Eunus S. Ali et al.
Summary: Nucleotides play a fundamental role in life and their synthesis pathways are regulated by various signaling networks. Understanding how these networks affect nucleotide synthesis can provide insights into the treatment of diseases such as cancer and immune disorders.
TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziyi Mai et al.
Summary: The carrier-free immunotherapeutic nanobooster C9SN, constructed by the self-assembly of glutaminase inhibitor compound 968 (C968) and photosensitizer Chlorin e6, enhances the immunotherapeutic effect of photo-dynamic therapy (PDT) by preventing glutamine metabolism and amplifying intracellular oxidative stress. It also remodels the tumor microenvironment and activates cytotoxic T lymphocytes to suppress tumor growth.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jie Zang et al.
Summary: L-arginine metabolism is critical for T-cell activation, survival, and effector function, and plays a key role in eliminating tumors through T-cell-mediated immunotherapy. However, delivering hydrophilic L-arginine to the tumor microenvironment has been challenging due to limited loading efficacy and rapid diffusion. In this study, a strategy using dynamic tags to decorate L-arginine and form nanoassemblies was developed, which significantly enhanced drug loading. This strategy synergistically promoted tumor-infiltrating T cells, reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and improved the therapeutic outcome of immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruirui Zhang et al.
Summary: In this study, a dual-mechanism based nutrient partitioning nanoregulator (DMNPN) was proposed to regulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance T cell nutrient availability. By inhibiting glycolysis and downregulating glutaminase expression, DMNPN remodels metabolism and nutrient partitioning, alleviating the immunosuppressive TME and boosting nutrient availability for T cells with enhanced antitumor immunity.
Review
Oncology
Nicholas J. J. Mullen et al.
Summary: Metabolic alterations, specifically the augmented synthesis and use of nucleotide triphosphates, are crucial for cancer cells and contribute to their aggressive behaviors and resistance to therapies. Upregulation of nucleotide biosynthesis is a prerequisite for cancer initiation and progression. Despite the potential of nucleotide synthesis inhibitors, their full efficacy has not been realized. This review discusses recent studies on the diverse roles of hyperactive nucleotide metabolism in cancer and explores opportunities for combination therapies to target these pathways effectively.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Bin Du et al.
Summary: This study reports an endogenous stimulus-responsive nanodelivery system that improves the functional inhibition of dendritic cells (DCs) and enhances antigen presentation efficiency through regulating the immunogenic death of tumor cells and the metabolism of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). This system activates tumor immunity and exhibits powerful antitumor effects.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yao Xu et al.
Summary: The development of a multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform based on doxorubicin-loaded tannic acid-iron networks is described. The platform shows excellent stability, strong targeting ability, and provides the advantages of cooperative immune therapy through iron-based chemodynamic therapy and doxorubicin chemotherapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lin-Ping Zhao et al.
Summary: In this study, self-delivery ternary bioregulators were constructed for photodynamic amplified immunotherapy against colorectal cancer by reprogramming tumor microenvironments. The ternary bioregulators exhibited improved tumor accumulation, penetration, and cellular uptake. The study found that the ternary bioregulators could not only inhibit tumor growth, but also induce immunogenic cell death and activate immune response, leading to significant suppression of distant and metastatic tumor growth. This research has the potential to advance the development of nanomedicine for malignant tumor growth and metastasis.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kuikun Yang et al.
Summary: Nanomedicines, particularly polyprodrug nanomedicines, show promise in cancer therapies due to well-controlled composition and drug loading, presenting significant potential for combating tumors.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chunjie Wang et al.
Summary: The pH-responsive nanomedicine prepared in this study has shown promising results in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of radiotherapy against tumors by neutralizing tumor acidity and inhibiting IDO1, resulting in robust antitumor immunity and suppression of tumor metastasis and recurrence.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xing Lai et al.
Summary: In order to improve cancer therapy, a nanosystem that can sequentially deliver drugs targeting different locations inside and outside tumor cells is desired. This study developed a light-triggered sequential delivery strategy using liposomal formulation to release drugs in a controlled manner, resulting in improved antiangiogenic therapy and immunosuppression reversal in the tumor microenvironment.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chi Zhang et al.
Summary: This study introduces smart nano-proteolysis targeting chimeras for photo-metabolic cancer immunotherapy, reprogramming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by utilizing phototherapeutic ablation and cancer-specific protein degradation.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shasha He et al.
Summary: This study introduces a novel semiconducting polymer nano-regulator (SPNT) that can produce singlet oxygen under near-infrared photoirradiation, inducing immunogenic apoptosis. By regulating immune-related factors, SPNT-mediated combination photodynamic immunotherapy successfully suppressed tumor growth and lung metastasis.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Shuwen Cao et al.
Summary: This study identified MGLL and CB-2 as over-expressed enzymes in PAC cells and receptors on TAMs, respectively. By developing a reduction-responsive nanoplatform for co-delivery of siMGLL and siCB-2, the researchers were able to achieve concurrent suppression of FFAs generation in PAC cells and repolarization of TAMs into tumor-inhibiting M1-like phenotype, leading to a combinational anticancer effect.
Article
Oncology
Rebecca L. Siegel et al.
Summary: Each year, the American Cancer Society compiles data on cancer occurrence and outcomes in the United States. The latest data shows that breast and prostate cancer progress has stagnated, while lung cancer has shown improvements in survival rates. Lung cancer incidence for advanced disease has declined while localized-stage rates have increased, resulting in higher survival rates. Mortality patterns align with incidence trends, with lung cancer deaths declining rapidly, breast cancer deaths slowing, and prostate cancer deaths stabilizing.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zachary E. Stine et al.
Summary: In the past century, there have been significant advancements in targeting cancer metabolism, but progress in the past decade has been limited. Some metabolism-based drugs for cancer have been successfully developed and are in clinical trials. However, consideration of the metabolism of non-cancer cells is crucial for successful treatment of cancer.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yi Wang et al.
Summary: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown significant improvements in overall survival of certain cancer patients, but resistance to immunotherapy remains a challenge. This article examines the metabolic modulation of tumor immunity and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and discusses potential metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Understanding the link between tumor metabolism and immunotherapy is crucial for cancer treatment and research.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ryul Kim et al.
Summary: This study investigates the effects of chemotherapy on the tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) in gastric cancer patients. They found that chemotherapy can remodel the TME, leading to increased infiltration of natural killer (NK) cells, repolarization of macrophages, and increased antigen presentation. However, nonresponders to chemotherapy exhibited different features, including low or absent expression of PD-L1, increased WNT signaling, B-cell infiltration, and increased expression of LAG3 in T cells coupled with decreased dendritic cell abundance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenjie Wang et al.
Summary: Due to limitations in aggregation-caused quenching effect and poor penetration capabilities in common fluorescent molecules, their applications in visualized imaging and photoactivated treatment are restricted. To overcome this, a new near-infrared II (NIR-II) molecule named TST, which possesses aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and photothermal therapy abilities, is synthesized. The molecule is co-assembled with camptothecin prodrug (CPT-S-PEG) and immune checkpoint inhibitor AZD4635 into nanoparticles for drug delivery, aiming to enhance fluorescent yield and therapeutic effect.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Taravat Khodaei et al.
Summary: Drug delivery vehicles have had a significant impact on cancer immunotherapies, inspiring the development of successful companies and clinical products. These vehicles not only modulate the function of immune cells, but also their metabolism. Intervention strategies that directly modulate the energy metabolism of immune cells have generated great excitement and potential for robust cancer immune responses.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zan Dai et al.
Summary: In this study, a sub-6 nm MnFe2O4-DCA nanoparticle was developed to modulate tumor glucose metabolism and ATP catabolism, improving the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liandong Feng et al.
Summary: The study explores the potential of abolishing PGE2 through COX-2 inactivation to enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy. However, the challenge lies in combining COX-2 inhibition and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 due to their different pharmacokinetic profiles and spatial obstacles. Novel programmable release nanoparticles (Cele-BMS-NPs) are designed to extracellularly release BMS-202 and intracellularly release celecoxib to enhance anti-tumour immune responses and reduce immunosuppressive factors in the tumour microenvironment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zecong Xiao et al.
Summary: By using a nanodrug, the formation of stromal extracellular matrix and glucose metabolism in pancreatic tumor can be targeted to restore anti-tumor immunity and enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yichao Lu et al.
Summary: This study demonstrates that co-inhibiting hyperactivated XBP1 and redundant intracellular ROS through KT-NE can effectively reduce lipid accumulation in dysfunctional lipid-laden TIDCs, leading to the reactivation of TIDCs and restoration of their capacity to expand and stimulate tumor-specific T cells. Additionally, both KT-NE-treated TIDCs (adoptive transfer) and KT-NE itself can significantly improve the efficacy of DC-mediated immunotherapy and reduce tumor burden in malignant ovarian cancer (OvCa)-bearing mice.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pengfei Zhao et al.
Summary: The interplay between tumor metabolism and the immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in glioma progression. In this study, the researchers discovered that the drugs disulfiram (DSF) and shikonin (SHK) can inhibit the ATP supply pathway and glycolysis in glioma cells, leading to a reduction in ATP generation. By developing a nanoparticle system, they were able to efficiently deliver a fixed-dose combination of DSF and SHK to the glioma cells, resulting in prolonged survival in glioma mice by modulating energy metabolism and the immune microenvironment.
Review
Oncology
Yuting Luo et al.
Summary: This review provides an update on the latest findings concerning the impacts of FA metabolism reprogramming on the phenotypes and functions of immune cells in tumor-related immune responses. The combinatorial interventions of FA metabolism are also summarized, which can improve the effects of current immunotherapies.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlotte R. Bell et al.
Summary: The release of PGE2 from dying cancer cells, mediated by COX-2, contributes to resistance against cytotoxic therapy. This study shows that cytotoxic drugs only induce PGE2 release in cancer cells with basal COX-2 activity, and that pharmacological COX-2 inhibition can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade combination. Additionally, all types of chemotherapy drugs enhance COX-2 transcription and inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaodong Zhang et al.
Summary: Traditional enzymes have limitations in terms of cost, denaturation, and yield, while nanozymes, as a new type of artificial enzyme combining nanomaterials and enzymes, show promising potential in various applications due to their high catalytic activity and versatility.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hai-Jun Liu et al.
Summary: A Trojan horse strategy-based nanocarrier has been developed for the treatment of early-stage brain metastasis of breast cancer. This nanocarrier, integrating the cell membrane of a brain-homing cancer cell and a polymeric drug depot, shows enhanced cellular uptake and killing potency, as well as the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. In animal experiments, it effectively extends survival time and reduces tumor burden.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yuxia Tang et al.
Summary: In this study, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) was used to deliver anti-PD-L1 antibody (aPDL1) and V9302 simultaneously to enhance the anti-tumor immune response in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. The results showed that the combination of MoS2-aPDL1-V9302 effectively inhibited tumor growth and increased the proportion of activated T cells in the tumor microenvironment.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Long Wu et al.
Summary: Targeting intratumoral dysregulated metabolism pathways has shown promise in reinvigorating antitumor immunity. This study reports a nanocarrier-assisted immunometabolic therapy strategy that targets the ATP-adenosine axis for metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment. It demonstrates increased pro-inflammatory extracellular ATP levels and enhanced antitumor immune responses.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yiqiong Liu et al.
Summary: The study highlights the important role of the adenosine-A2AR metabolic pathway in photothermal-induced immunogenic cell death, and targeting this pathway may achieve effective immunotherapy. The designed nanocarrier can release A2AR inhibitors in the acidic tumor microenvironment, promoting immune cell activation, increasing CD8(+) T lymphocyte infiltration, and reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) population.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiabao Ling et al.
Summary: This study proposes a feasible therapeutic strategy for depleting lactate and reconstructing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment using Se-containing nanosheets, which can restore the potent tumor-killing activity of macrophages, thereby amplifying the effects of TAM-based antitumor immunotherapy.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Xie et al.
Summary: The biomimetic immune metabolic nanoplatform designed in this study achieves specific delivery by encapsulating an aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer and a glutamine antagonist into a cancer cell membrane. This approach improves the tumor hypoxic environment, induces immunogenic cell death, promotes dendritic cell maturation, inhibits tumor proliferation, triggers tumor-specific immune responses, and prevents tumor metastasis with the combination of anti-PD-1 therapy.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jiaying Yang et al.
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is a crucial therapeutic strategy, and recent advances in nanomedicine have provided new insights for treatment. This review summarizes the research on tumor metabolic pathways and highlights the latest developments in the design of smart nanomedicines and combined treatment strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrienne M. Luoma et al.
Summary: Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade has promising clinical activity in oral cancer patients, inducing both local and systemic tumor immunity. During treatment, tumor-infiltrating CD8 T cells show elevated tissue-resident memory and cytotoxicity programs, and treatment also induces a systemic immune response.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Luo et al.
Summary: Aberrant energy metabolism in tumors not only promotes cell proliferation but also inhibits antitumor immunity. A novel metabolic nanoregulator was developed to cut off energy supply and improve immune suppression, enabling synergistic tumor starvation-immunotherapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Chengqiong Mao et al.
Summary: The study aimed to develop an approach to facilitate cancer therapy-induced immunogenic cell death and limit adenosine production. The researchers constructed ROS-producing nanoparticles to carry an ectonucleotidase inhibitor and demonstrated that the approach enhanced anticancer immunity and tumor regression in mouse models. The combination with anti-PD1 immunotherapy also showed promising results. The approach also induced immunological effects in patient-derived organotypic tumor spheroid model, suggesting its potential for treating human cancers.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guihong Lu et al.
Summary: The use of cancer cell-membrane encapsulated nanoparticles for targeted therapy in lactate-high cancer cells shows promising results in reducing tumorigenesis in glioblastoma.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mengdi Ren et al.
Summary: Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to meet their energy and biosynthesis needs, leading to an acidic, hypoxic, and nutrient deficient tumor microenvironment. Nanotechnology provides a promising approach for targeting metabolism and developing anti-cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jia Wang et al.
Summary: The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor development, with tumor-associated macrophages being the most abundant cell type. Competition for nutrients between macrophages and tumor cells affects macrophage function. Factors in the microenvironment also influence macrophage polarization and function. Remodeling the tumor microenvironment can enhance anti-tumor immunity and suppress immune escape.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ming Wu et al.
Summary: This study investigated the dual inhibition of metabolic plasticity in breast cancer cells using Lip@GOx&Tel, which targeted and inhibited two nutrient supply mechanisms. This led to a reduction in ATP production and biosynthesis precursors necessary for tumor growth, resulting in anti-tumor effects. Additionally, Lip@GOx&Tel disrupted redox homeostasis, further enhancing the therapeutic effect. The study also addressed the limitation of combining protein drugs and small molecule drugs in vivo by using liposome nanoparticles. Overall, this work provides a new perspective in nanomedicine for metabolic intervention in diseases.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Yang et al.
Summary: Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the immune response against tumors, but their immunosuppressive cholesterol metabolism in tumors leads to dysfunctional DCs and limited antigen presentation. In this study, a metabolism nano-intervenor was developed to interfere with DCs' cholesterol metabolism and enhance antigen presentation. The system, consisting of DC-targeting nanoparticles and a hydrogel with sustained release, achieved precise and long-term immunometabolism intervention. Reprogramming DCs' metabolism significantly improved the efficacy of DC-mediated immunotherapy, especially in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibition induced by metformin hydrochloride (MET).
Review
Cell Biology
Kung-Chi Kao et al.
Summary: The metabolically hostile tumour microenvironment can hinder immune cells and impede the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Metabolic communication between cancer cells and immune cells may play a crucial role in determining immune responses. Nutrient-limiting strategies may enhance anti-tumour immune responses.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaochen Liu et al.
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT)-mediated cancer immunotherapy is limited by the dysfunction of T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cholesterol metabolism plays a vital role in T cell signaling and effector functions. This study designed a matrix metalloproteinase-2-sensitive tumor-penetrable nanovesicle to regulate cholesterol metabolism and enhance photodynamic cancer immunotherapy. The nanovesicles accumulate in the tumor and release a molecule called RGD for deep penetration. They also simultaneously block cholesterol metabolism in T cells and tumor cells, reinvigorating T cell functions and suppressing tumor cell migration. The immune responses induced by PDT-triggered immunogenic cell death are further improved with cholesterol metabolism blockage. In a mouse tumor model, the designed nanovesicles show enhanced tumor growth inhibition compared to PDT alone. This approach provides an alternative strategy to improve photodynamic cancer immunotherapy by intervening in cholesterol metabolism.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rui Sun et al.
Summary: The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has been considered the basis of tumor-targeted drug delivery, but its heterogeneity and limitations in clinical practice are now being recognized. Researchers are exploring alternative strategies independent of the EPR effect.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tamara J. Laskowski et al.
Summary: This review provides an overview of NK cell-based immunotherapies, discussing strategies to increase NK cell cytotoxicity and persistence and highlighting the current challenges and future opportunities for the design of next-generation NK cell therapies.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Phineas T. Hamilton et al.
Summary: This article introduces the application of predator-prey theory to the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells. By revealing the fundamental mechanisms by which antitumour immunity might fail in sometimes counterintuitive ways, it provides a new evidence-based framework to better understand and therapeutically target the immune-cancer interface.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Dong et al.
Summary: This review summarizes the application of self-assembled prodrugs in cancer drug development. Self-assembled prodrugs can improve the physicochemical properties of drugs and achieve controlled release at tumor sites, thus showing potential for clinical applications.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Richard A. Ward et al.
Summary: Recent years have seen significant progress in targeted cancer therapies, but drug resistance remains a common challenge. Researchers are exploring new approaches to overcome resistance, such as increasing drug selectivity and potency, using alternative chemical structures, changing mechanisms of action, and targeting allosteric pockets.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fang Wei et al.
Summary: This review summarizes the metabolic reprogramming of various cell types in the tumor microenvironment, focusing on the interaction between the metabolic pathways of these cells and antitumor immunosuppression, as well as discussing potential new approaches to enhance antitumor immunotherapy through metabolic checkpoints.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tingting Xiao et al.
Summary: The study introduces a multifunctional polymer nanogel camouflaged with macrophage membranes for MR imaging-guided chemotherapy of glioma. The nanogel exhibits dual pH and redox-responsive release profiles, enhancing chemotherapy/CDT efficacy.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yaofeng Zhou et al.
Summary: Various strategies have been developed to increase the efficiency of the intratumoral Fenton reaction in chemodynamic therapy (CDT), enhancing the therapeutic efficacy. The introduction of reinforcement strategies can improve treatment efficiency and promote the development of enhanced CDT-based multimodal anticancer therapies.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziling Zeng et al.
Summary: This study introduces an organic polymer nanoenzyme (SPNK) with near-infrared (NIR) photoactivatable immunotherapeutic effects for photodynamic immunometabolic therapy. By generating singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) upon NIR photoirradiation, SPNK induces immunogenic cell death of cancer and degrades immunosuppressive kynurenine (Kyn), ultimately promoting effector T cell proliferation and infiltration, enhancing systemic antitumor T cell immunity, and inhibiting both primary and distant tumors in living mice.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lihua Luo et al.
Summary: Effective tumor vaccine is crucial in boosting immune system to produce more memory T cells, which has great potential for cancer prevention and therapy.
Article
Oncology
Irem Kaymak et al.
Summary: The study discusses the metabolic characteristics of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and proposes future research directions.
Article
Cell Biology
Hongwei Lv et al.
Summary: The study reveals that NAMPT enzyme drives PD-L1 expression in various tumors and governs tumor immune evasion through CD8(+) T cell regulation. NAD(+) metabolism maintains the activity and expression of Tet1, which plays a critical role in PD-L1 expression on tumors.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Aaron M. Hosios et al.
Summary: Research has deepened the understanding of oncogenic control of metabolism, particularly glycolysis. Current focus is on understanding the benefits and risks associated with glycolytic metabolism, and finding inhibitors that could be clinically beneficial for targeting glycolytic cancer cells.
Review
Oncology
Sizhe Liu et al.
Summary: NK cells, as a specialized immune effector cell type, play a critical role in immune activation against abnormal cells. Unlike T cell activation, NK cell activation is governed by interactions between NK receptors and target cells, leading to significant attention in cancer immunotherapy. Many efforts are focused on developing and engineering NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Dongyoon Kim et al.
Summary: The study demonstrates the activation of anti-cancer effector functions of T cells through nanoparticle-induced lipid metabolic reprogramming. Treatment with aCD3/F/AN enhances T cell metabolism and effector killing effect against tumor cells, while also increasing infiltration of T cells into tumor tissues and preventing tumor growth in vivo.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Liang Han et al.
Summary: This review focuses on nanoscale brain-targeting drug delivery strategies designed based on blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations and their applications in various brain diseases. However, advances on optimization of small molecules for BBB crossing and non-systemic administration routes such as intranasal treatment are not included in this review.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dominic G. Roy et al.
Summary: Advances in immunotherapy have highlighted the importance of antitumor immune responses in controlling cancer, but the tumor microenvironment poses obstacles to immune cell function through metabolic and immunosuppressive mechanisms. Studies have shown the characteristic metabolic reprogramming of different immune cell subsets, the shaping of immune cell metabolism and function by TME, and the potential of therapeutic interventions to enhance antitumor immunity by improving immune cell metabolic fitness and alleviating metabolic constraints in the TME.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CANCER BIOLOGY, VOL 5, 2021
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Honggang Xiong et al.
Summary: The study highlights the importance of epigenetic alterations and immunosuppressive factors in limiting T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. The newly designed tumor microenvironment-inspired prodrug nanomicelle releases active substances that inhibit tumor growth by promoting pyroptosis, ultimately enhancing the efficiency of immunotherapy.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanbing Wang et al.
Summary: Controlling the release of dietary luteolin can effectively regulate inflammation and immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in increased therapy efficiency in photothermal therapy and inhibition of tumor recurrence and metastasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fernando P. Canale et al.
Summary: Engineered bacteria were developed to convert ammonia to l-arginine in tumors, increasing intratumoral l-arginine concentrations, T cell infiltration, and synergistic effects with PD-L1 blocking antibodies in tumor clearance. These results indicate that microbial therapies can enhance immunotherapy efficacy by modulating the tumor microenvironment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Longzheng Xia et al.
Summary: The overlapping metabolic reprogramming between cancer and immune cells is an important factor affecting the antitumor immune response, involving metabolic competition, nutrient limitation, and impaired immune cell function. Studies have shown that metabolic reprogramming is essential for maintaining immune cell homeostasis and executing effector functions during immune responses.
Review
Immunology
Luis F. Somarribas Patterson et al.
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming of tumor and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment is a key factor in immune evasion. Targeting the metabolism of the tumor microenvironment may help improve tumor responsiveness to CAR-T cells or immune checkpoint blockade therapies.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Verena Vonwirth et al.
Summary: The depletion of arginine by myeloid cell arginase is a key mechanism of tumor immune escape by inhibiting T cell functions. Inhibiting arginase 1 in polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocytes leads to hyperactivation of T cells, enhancing their proliferation and cytokine production, which could be important for preventing human tumor immune escape.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Li Jia et al.
Summary: Balancing glucose metabolic pathways of glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS can modulate the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and promote immune cell infiltration and anti-tumor effects. Downregulating glycolysis while upregulating mitochondrial OXPHOS in tumor cells leads to reduced lactate production, enhanced immune cell activity, and superior anti-tumor effects in combination with PD-L1 silencing.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ruiqing He et al.
Summary: The study introduces a lactate treatment plant that converts pro-tumor lactate into anti-tumor ROS, showing potential for synergistic tumor therapy.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Matthew R. Zanotelli et al.
Summary: Altered tissue mechanics and metabolism are defining characteristics of cancer that impact both proliferation and migration. Changes in metabolism allow cells to dynamically adjust energy generation in response to fluctuating energy needs, while physical cues from the extracellular matrix influence mechanosignaling pathways affecting cell migration and metastasis. The role of mechanoresponsive metabolism in regulating cell migration and supporting metastasis is discussed, along with the potential of targeting cancer metabolism therapeutically to inhibit motility and potentially metastasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Sophie M. Poznanski et al.
Summary: NK cells play a central role in anti-tumor immunity, but their dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment is a major barrier for cancer immunotherapies. Research showed that human NK cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment is caused by suppression of glucose metabolism, and activating the antioxidant pathway can restore NK cell function and enhance anti-tumor activity. Additionally, expanded NK cells with metabolic flexibility not only sustained metabolic fitness but also improved tumor killing in response to nutrient deprivation, showing the potential for exploiting metabolic flexibility in cancer immunotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Chenfeng Han et al.
Summary: T cells play a crucial role in eliminating malignant tumors and their activation and differentiation are tightly controlled at multiple levels. Amino acids are essential for T cell antitumor immunity, but their deprivation or accumulation within the tumor microenvironment can diminish T cell functionality. Modulating amino acid metabolism in T cells may be a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lindsay A. Broadfield et al.
Summary: Tumors undergo metabolic changes to support growth, and increasing focus on cancer lipid metabolism has revealed mechanisms promoting tumor growth and survival that are distinct from traditional cellular bioenergetics. Targeting lipid metabolism for anticancer therapy shows promise, but there are still unanswered questions in this field.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yang Yu et al.
Summary: （English Summary:）
Lipids play crucial roles in modulating cancer immunity, with cancer cells utilizing lipids to support aggressive behavior and immune evasion. Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells leads to lipid accumulation in the tumor microenvironment, affecting the function and phenotype of infiltrating immune cells.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Javier Traba et al.
Summary: This article discusses the main effects of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on the metabolism and function of immune cells, and reviews emerging strategies to boost immune cell metabolism for promoting anti-tumor effects, either as monotherapies or in combination with conventional chemotherapy for optimizing cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengshi Jiang et al.
Summary: By inhibiting both ER stress and oxidative stress, M2-tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) can be effectively repolarized, providing significant implications for anti-tumor therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qin Guo et al.
Summary: A pH-sensitive drug delivery system was designed to target different cells in TME successively, showing great potential in triple-negative breast cancer model.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Xu et al.
Summary: Immunometabolic modulation through a second near-infrared (NIR-II) photothermally activatable semiconducting polymeric nanoantagonist (ASPA) provides a new approach for synergistic photothermal immunometabolic therapy of cancer. This remotely controlled immunometabolic regulation enhances cytotoxic T cell functions, suppresses regulatory T cell activities, and leads to efficient primary tumor inhibition, pulmonary metastasis prevention, and long-term immunological memory. This work offers a generic polymeric approach for precise spatiotemporal regulation of cancer immunometabolism.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaolu Guo et al.
Summary: Traditional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have limited effectiveness, while photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and chemodynamic therapy have shown promising results in cancer treatment due to their high selectivity, minimal resistance, and minimal toxicity.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Samantha M. Morrissey et al.
Summary: The study reveals that tumor-derived exosomes can polarize macrophages towards an immunosuppressive phenotype through NF-kB and glycolytic reprogramming, and are associated with lactate, GLUT-1, and YKT6 factors, further promoting tumor metastasis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adria-Arnau Lindez et al.
Summary: Arginine plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses and its adequate supply is important for improving immune function. The availability, synthesis, and catabolism of arginine are interrelated aspects that affect immune cell biology profoundly. Disruption or perversion of arginine metabolism is implicated in various pathologies, from infectious diseases to autoimmunity and cancer.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhengying Gu et al.
Summary: This study demonstrates that an iron-based metal organic framework nanoparticle and a ferroptosis-inducing agent synergistically induce mitochondrial alternation in TAMs, resulting in a radical metabolic switch from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, which is resistant to anti-inflammatory stimuli challenge. The ferroptosis stress strengthened by the nanoformulation also drives multiple pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, enabling macrophage activation with potent tumoricidal activities. The ferroptosis-strengthened macrophage regulation strategy present in this study paves the way for TAM-centered antitumoral treatment to overcome the limitations of conventional methods.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaohan Liu et al.
Summary: The study synthesized a nanoprodrug that can inhibit glycolysis of cancer cells and alleviate the immunosuppressive microenvironment by releasing two drugs, which increased intracellular oxidative stress and induced immunogenic cell death of cancer cells. This strategy opens up new possibilities for exploring dimeric prodrugs for synergistic cancer therapy.
Review
Oncology
Michael J. Grant et al.
Summary: The treatment landscape of driver-negative non-small-cell lung cancer is rapidly changing due to the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 as first-line therapy. Histological subtype and PD-L1 expression levels are crucial factors in regimen selection for patients, with emerging biomarkers and novel strategies potentially refining treatment paradigms in the future. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors are now standard-of-care therapies for patients with advanced-stage NSCLC, with various approved regimens available, highlighting the need for further research to optimize outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kai Sun et al.
Summary: Traditional chemo-immunotherapy can induce T cell immune response through immunogenic cell death (ICD), but the limited ICD hinders lasting antitumor immunotherapeutic efficacy. A novel tadpole-ovoid Au@HMnMSNs nanoreactor is constructed to generate intratumoral hydroxyl radicals for enhanced ICD induction and DC maturation, along with DOX and ASA for recruitment of immune cells and inhibition of immunosuppressive cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maik Luu et al.
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids pentanoate and butyrate can enhance the anti-tumor activity of immune cells through metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming, making them potential therapeutic agents in cancer immunotherapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Qi et al.
Summary: The study introduces E-selectin-modified thermal-sensitive micelles loaded with doxorubicin and an adenosine A2 receptor antagonist to enhance chemotherapy-induced anti-tumor immune responses. This strategy not only increases the tumor accumulation of drugs by hitchhiking with leukocytes, but also improves the immunotherapeutic effects of chemotherapy drugs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hai-Yi Feng et al.
Summary: Research suggests that nanoparticles smaller than 50 nm can penetrate directly into lymph node metastases, and by introducing targeting capabilities, their accumulation in the metastases can be enhanced for improved local treatment. Targeted small-sized nanoparticles have the potential to enable superior paradigms for dealing with lymph node metastases, as demonstrated by experiments showing extended survival in mice undergoing targeted photothermal therapy.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jeong Hun Kim et al.
Summary: A novel orally administered Kyn pathway regulator, STB, effectively inhibited IDO and TDO, suppressed Kyn levels, increased CD8(+) T cell infiltration, and reprogrammed the TME through changes in immune gene signatures. Combination immunotherapy with STB and immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrated the most potent anti-tumor efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Anna Sosnowska et al.
Summary: The research showed that Arg1 plays a key role in regulating the anti-tumor immune response. Inhibition of Arg1 can promote antigen-specific T cell proliferation and inhibit tumor growth. Arginase inhibitors modestly inhibit tumor growth and can significantly improve survival outcomes when combined with other treatment strategies.
Review
Oncology
Inmaculada Martinez-Reyes et al.
Summary: This Perspective discusses the main themes in cancer metabolism research, focusing on the relationship between tumour initiation and progression with metabolic reprogramming, as well as the importance of tumor microenvironment and metabolic regulation.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Defne Bayik et al.
Summary: The development of tumors is affected by cellular heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which interact with each other and lead to therapeutic resistance. The interaction between cancer stem cells and infiltrating immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor development and immune evasion.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Brandon Dale et al.
Summary: The development of small-molecule degraders such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has enabled the targeting of previously considered undruggable oncoproteins. This review discusses recent advances in the field, with a focus on opportunities and challenges for future development.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kristin DePeaux et al.
Summary: The tumour microenvironment creates barriers that suppress immune responses, including physical barriers, recruitment of suppressive immune cells, and upregulation of inhibitory ligands on tumour cells. Therapies targeting metabolic restrictions in the tumour microenvironment show promise for combination therapies against various types of cancer.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Mansi Saxena et al.
Summary: Therapeutic cancer vaccines aim to induce tumor regression, eradicate minimal residual disease, establish lasting anti-tumor memory, and avoid non-specific or adverse reactions. However, challenges arise due to tumor-induced immunosuppression and immunoresistance, hindering the achievement of these goals.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Kamir J. Hiam-Galvez et al.
Summary: Understanding systemic immune landscape beyond the tumour microenvironment is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of immunotherapy in cancer treatment. Despite the potential of immunotherapy to induce new immune responses, compromised immune responses in individuals with tumors may limit its efficacy.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Houjun Xia et al.
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in cancer by influencing tumor progression, immune responses, and therapy outcomes. Modulating the autophagy pathway can enhance antitumor immune responses and improve treatment efficacy.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Gabriele Bergers et al.
Summary: This review discusses the metabolic rewiring in cancer cells during the metastatic cascade and the distinct metabolic features of primary tumors and metastases. Metastasis is the leading cause of death in most cancer patients, and targeting metastatic seeding and colonization remains a significant challenge. Adjusting metabolism may provide therapeutic opportunities to prevent or reduce metastasis, and targeting the new metabolic traits in established metastases could lead to their eradication.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ilaria Elia et al.
Summary: The article provides a detailed examination of the complexity of cellular metabolism within the tumor microenvironment, along with potential therapeutic intervention opportunities. Cancer cell metabolism and behavior are regulated by multiple factors, and the metabolic environment within the TME is influenced by various tiers. Understanding the interactions of these tiers reveals unique therapeutic potential for modulating the metabolic profile and function of all cells in the TME.
Review
Immunology
Michelangelo Certo et al.
Summary: The microenvironments of cancerous tissues and tissues affected by chronic inflammatory diseases exhibit different immune states but similar metabolic states. Understanding the metabolic signature allows for therapeutic intervention to reset metabolite availability and correct dysregulated immune states.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meng Gao et al.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2020)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Noriko Shimasaki et al.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2020)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Julieta Afonso et al.
NATURE REVIEWS UROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Hong Liu et al.
Review
Immunology
Paula Diaz-Bulnes et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Man Li et al.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chen Chen et al.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
David Kolb et al.
Review
Cell Biology
Beth Kelly et al.
Review
Immunology
Lijie Zhai et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Zhou Jiang et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ling Li et al.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ke Li et al.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Binfan Chen et al.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jackie E. Bader et al.
Article
Immunology
Santosha A. Vardhana et al.
Review
Oncology
Bertrand Allard et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lin-Ping Zhao et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alison E. Ringel et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Meixi Hao et al.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Lina Qi et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Emine Atas et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ji Li et al.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Sarah-Maria Fendt et al.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hadi T. Nia et al.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Chi Zhang et al.
Review
Immunology
Alex D. Waldman et al.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Robert D. Leone et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andres Mendez-Lucas et al.
Review
Immunology
Stefanie K. Wculek et al.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Xiaoyun Li et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hairui Wang et al.
Review
Cell Biology
Ilio Vitale et al.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nidhi Kedia-Mehta et al.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Review
Cell Biology
Jiyeon Kim et al.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhimin Tian et al.
Review
Oncology
Karen G. de la Cruz-Lopez et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Oncology
Pablo Martinez et al.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2019)
Review
Oncology
Henrique Lemos et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2019)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dawei Jiang et al.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2019)
Review
Immunology
David O'Sullivan et al.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Yuying Liu et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Tina Cascone et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Anneleen Daemen et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Jingjing Cong et al.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Todd A. Triplett et al.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Xiang et al.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Review
Immunology
Soumaya Kouidhi et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Oncology
Sun-Hee Kim et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Xia et al.
Article
Immunology
Arum Park et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Marta Helena Kubala et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meihua Shan et al.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2017)
Review
Oncology
Jason J. Luke et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Immunology
Andreas Bietz et al.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Oncology
Milica Vucetic et al.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Oncology
George C. Prendergast et al.
Review
Oncology
D. Vijayan et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2017)
Article
Oncology
Ying Zhang et al.
Article
Oncology
Arabella Young et al.
Article
Immunology
Pu-Ste Liu et al.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert A. Saxton et al.
Article
Cell Biology
Mathias Wenes et al.
Review
Immunology
David Allard et al.
Article
Immunology
Sinead E. Keating et al.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Yang et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Megan M. Kaneda et al.
Review
Immunology
Camille Guillerey et al.
Review
Immunology
Akio Ohta
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Oncology
Florian Roehrig et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2016)
Review
Oncology
Peter J. Mullen et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2016)
Review
Oncology
Brian J. Altman et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chih-Hao Chang et al.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven A. Rosenberg et al.
Review
Immunology
Matthias Lochner et al.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Oncology
Rakesh K. Jain
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
I. Martins et al.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2014)
Article
Oncology
Arianna Calcinotto et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jong-Seok Moon et al.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2011)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christiane A. Opitz et al.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
W. Joost Lesterhuis et al.
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2011)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peggy P. Hsu et al.
Article
Hematology
Karin Fischer et al.
Review
Oncology
CH Heldin et al.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2004)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
TA Waldmann
Review
Cell Biology
M Zerial et al.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2001)
