Essential oil composition, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of endemic Teucrium alyssifolium Staph. (Lamiaceae)

The present study was designed to examine the chemical composition of the essential oil, in vitro antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of extracts from plant parts (leaf, flower and stem) of Teucrium alyssifolium. The principle components of the essential oil were trans--caryophyllene (16.87%), ar-curcumene (11.43%) and bisabolene (11.06%), representing 39.36% of the oil. The total phenolic contents ranged between 13.99 and 41.54mg of GAE/g of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids varied from 16.82 to 49.52mg of Ru/g of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH reagent and expressed as concentration of each extract required to inhibit radical by 50% (IC50) values that ranged from 13.52 to 132.55g/ml. Our results have indicated that water extract of T. alyssifolium (part leaf) with a total content of polyphenols (41.54mg of GAE/g) and an IC50 of 13.52g/ml is more antioxidant. [GRAPHICS] .