Energy Efficiency in Historic Architecture: The Ex Institute of Zoology and Comparative Anatomy in Palermo

In Italy, a large part of the buildings classified as historical-artistic heritage is in a state of degradation and requires urgent interventions. Among the needs, a reduction in the high energy consumption and an improvement of the indoor comfort are mandatory. The case study of the Ex Institute of Zoology of Palermo shows how it is possible to achieve a reduction in energy consumption and preserve the building's historicity through the estimation of energy loads and the subsequent processing. To quantify the energy savings of the structure, it was necessary to follow a few steps, namely an inspection of the building and an evaluation of its consumption. To elaborate a correct energy analysis, the thermal conductance was calculated by considering measurements over a period of 60 days and proceeding with the calculation of the transmittance. The resulting data are imported in the energy model developed with the TERMUS BIM software. In the case study, a potential energy saving equal to 35% of the current energy consumption can be avoided by replacing the lamps with LED ones, installing photovoltaic panels, replacing the heat pumps with a centralized system and the current fixtures with double thermal break fixtures. These interventions are implemented in compliance with the architectural peculiarities.

Automated summary

A large part of Italy's historical-artistic heritage buildings are deteriorating and require urgent interventions, particularly in reducing energy consumption and improving indoor comfort. The case study of the Ex Institute of Zoology of Palermo demonstrates that energy consumption can be reduced while preserving the building's historical value through energy load estimation and subsequent processing. By calculating thermal conductance and transmittance based on measurements over 60 days, an energy model developed with the TERMUS BIM software shows that potential energy savings of 35% can be achieved through interventions such as replacing lamps with LED ones, installing photovoltaic panels, replacing heat pumps with a centralized system, and using double thermal break fixtures.