Highly Efficient and Stable Binary Cross-Linkable/ Self-Assembled Organic Nonlinear Optical Molecular Glasses

The development of electro-optical materials with high chromophore loading levels that possess ultrahigh electro-optic coefficients and high long term alignment stability is a challenging topic. Anthracene-maleimide Diels-Alder (DA) reaction and & pi;-& pi; interaction of Anthracene-pentafluorobenzene and benzene-pentafluorobenzene are developed for making highly efficient binary cross-linkable/self-assembled dendritic chromophores FZL1-FZL4. A covalently or non-covalently cross-linked network is formed by DA reaction or & pi;-& pi; interaction after electric field poling orientation, which greatly improves the long-term alignment stability of the materials. An electro-optic coefficient up to 266 pm V-1 and glass transition temperature as high as 178 & DEG;C are achieved in cross-linked film FZL1/FZL2, and 272-308 pm V-1 is achieved for self-assembled films FZL1/FZL4 and FZL3/FZL4 due to high chromophore density (3.09-4.02 x 1020 molecules cm-3). Long-term alignment stability tests show that after heating at 85 & DEG;C for over 500 h, 99.73% of the initial r33 value is maintained for poled crosslinked electro-optic films 1:1 FZL1/FZL2. The poled self-assembled electro-optic films 1:1 FZL1/FZL4 and 1:1 FZL3/FZL4 can still maintain more than 97.11% and 98.23%, respectively, of the original electro-optic coefficient after being placed at room temperature for 500 h. The excellent electro-optic coefficient and stability of the material indicate the practical application prospects of organic electro-optic materials. Binary crosslink-able/self-assembled electro-optical materials FZL1-4 are successfully developed with high chromophore loading levels that possess ultrahigh electro-optic coefficients and high long-term alignment stability.image

Automated summary

Highly efficient binary cross-linkable/self-assembled dendritic chromophores FZL1-FZL4 were developed through Anthracene-maleimide Diels-Alder reaction and π-π interaction. The materials achieved high electro-optic coefficients and long-term alignment stability through the formation of covalently or non-covalently cross-linked networks after electric field poling orientation. The excellent electro-optic coefficient and stability indicate practical application prospects for organic electro-optic materials.