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Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ye Li et al.
Summary: M2 high-carbon and high-alloy steel was prepared by electron beam melting with optimal process parameters of 7.8 mA scanning current, 2.4 m/s scanning speed, and 0.1 mm scanning spacing. The manufactured samples demonstrated a relative density of 99.6%, 793HV microhardness, and 2860 MPa compressive strength. The microstructure of the single-scan layer showed a sandwich structure composed of fine equiaxed crystals, columnar dendrites, and large equiaxed crystals in the heat-affected zone, due to the rapid cooling and gradient annealing process during EBM.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hengnan Ding et al.
Summary: H13 has insufficient strength at elevated temperatures, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of advanced manufacturing industries. Modified alloys CXN02 and CXN03, with higher molybdenum and tungsten content and lower chromium content compared to H13, were prepared. The yield strength of CXN03 at 25 degrees C is 1714 MPa, which is 106% of CXN02 and similar to 111% of H13. The additional W and Mo in CXN03 led to finer average grain size, higher dislocation density, and larger volume fraction of precipitations, resulting in higher strength compared to CXN02. The deformation mechanism evolution with temperature increase from 25 to 650 degrees C is also discussed.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ling Li et al.
Summary: The effect of Si on the thermal stability of 4Cr3Mo2V hot-work die steel was studied, and it was found that the sample containing 1.0% Si had better thermal stability compared to the sample containing 0.3% Si. TEM analysis showed that the particle size of M6C in the 1.0% Si sample was 100-200 nm, while in the 0.3% Si sample it was 100-400 nm. Thermodynamic analysis using Thermo-Calc software was carried out to explore the mechanism affecting thermal stability.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Joshua Le et al.
Summary: Joining ferritic SA508 low alloy steel (LAS) and austenitic 316 L stainless steel (SS) via powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP) was evaluated. The mechanical and microstructural evolutions of the bimetallic interface were studied under different joint designs and heat treatments. The direct joining method resulted in high hardness and severe depreciation in toughness at the bimetallic interface, due to the presence of large oxides and M23C6 carbides. Post-HIP heat treatments were explored, but could not eliminate the carbides. A transitional material is necessary to impede the diffusion of carbon.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qipeng Hu et al.
Summary: High-speed steels (HSSs) are favored in applications requiring high hardness and outstanding wear resistance, such as high-performance gear cutters and high-temperature bearings. This study investigated the effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of S390 HSS prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The results showed that increasing the sintering temperature from 930°C to 1090°C led to improvements in density, hardness, red hardness, and three-point bending strength. The temperature-induced microstructure evolutions were found to contribute to these property enhancements.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xinwei Du et al.
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of H13 components manufactured by wire arc additive manufacturing technology. The results confirm the formation of 8-ferrite and its relationship with cellular/dendritic substructures. It is found that the formation and distribution of cellular/dendritic substructures are not directly related to the prior austenite grain, and the martensite phase may be the main reason for the anisotropic mechanical properties of the H13 component.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yu Zhu et al.
Summary: A thermo-mechanical coupled model was constructed using numerical simulation software to explore the relationship between welding thermal cycles and the thermal field during the repair process of dies. It was found that prolonging the cooling time reduced heat accumulation, residual stress, and deformation, and improved the microstructure, microhardness, and wear resistance of the repaired component. This study provides a new direction for future research on die steel repairments.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Cheng Lyu et al.
Summary: This study investigates the influence of tempering temperature on the microstructure and wear resistance of powder metallurgy high-speed steels (PM HSSs) PM20. The results show that the proportion of low angle grain boundaries decreases and the volume fraction and size of carbides increase with increasing tempering temperature. Additionally, the wear resistance of PM20 gradually decreases with increasing tempering temperature.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hengnan Ding et al.
Summary: This study focuses on the improved high-temperature strength and mechanical properties of hot work die steels using modified SF01 steel. The modified SF01 steel exhibits higher yield strength and lower elongation compared to conventional H13 steel over a wide temperature range. The microstructural characteristics are correlated with the yield strength, and the unsatisfactory toughness of SF01 steel is attributed to the presence of VC.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiwei Sun et al.
Summary: Fabricating molds and dies using additive manufacturing (AM) technology is attractive for higher cooling efficiency. This study investigated the thermal and mechanical properties of an H13 tool steel processed by selective laser melting (SLM) and identified the factors affecting its thermal conductivity.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Yi Xiao et al.
Summary: High-quality Ti-6Al-4V powder-solid parts were successfully fabricated using the hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process, which possessed good interfacial strength and mechanical properties.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qipeng Hu et al.
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure and wear behavior of S390 high-speed steel reinforced with different volume fractions of MC-type carbides. The results show that the type and volume fraction of the carbides play a crucial role in determining the hardness and three-point bending strength of the material. The wear mechanism of the metal matrix composites is identified as abrasive wear and oxidative wear.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
A. S. Akhmetov et al.
Summary: This paper addresses the issue of carbide network defect in cast high-speed steels and the high hardness of pulverized high-speed steel powders. It proposes a powder mixture as an alternative, which can be compacted by cold pressing and has fine-sized carbides that positively affect the hardness of the products.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Bergmueller et al.
Summary: In this study, high-alloy tool steel S390 was successfully processed using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) for the first time, and the resulting mechanical properties and microstructure were investigated. In situ heat treatment at 800 degrees C was found to modulate the microstructure, precipitation behavior, and solid-phase transformation, preventing cracking and improving the material's properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Woongbeom Heogh et al.
Summary: This study proposes an eco-friendly mold fabricated using the laser powder bed fusion method with a three-dimensional cooling channel design. The mold features surface-type conformal cooling channels with installed pin fins to enhance cooling efficiency and reduce thermal stress during solidification. Experimental results show a reduced casting process time, decreased grain size, and improved ultimate tensile strength and hardness compared to the conventional mold.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Ahmad Firouzi et al.
Summary: This study presents the fracture toughness improvement of the powder metallurgical high speed steel ASP2030 by replacing the martensitic matrix with a bainitic one. The results show that fracture toughness is sensitive to small changes in austenitizing temperature and is influenced by the volume fraction of undissolved carbides and lattice microstrain values.
METALLURGICAL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Yi Xiao et al.
Summary: The HIP-DB technology can directly join CuAgZn and GH909 without the need for an interlayer, resulting in a complete interface and a compact, uniform joint free of unbonded defects. The microhardness and shear strength of the joint are higher than that of the base alloys, with a maximum microhardness of HV 443 and an average shear strength of 172 MPa achieved using the process parameters of 700 degrees C, 150 MPa, and 3 hours.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Kirchner et al.
Summary: Additive manufacturing of metals is driving innovation in the tool making industry, allowing for direct production of tools, molds, and parts with significant time savings. However, the development of carbon-containing iron-based materials with high strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, and thermal conductivity poses challenges in metal additive manufacturing, as these materials are prone to crack formation during processing. Overcoming this challenge using Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion involves operating at high process temperatures in the range of 800-900 degrees Celsius.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Santiago Benito et al.
Summary: Understanding the factors that determine the material microstructure is crucial for designing new solutions, and tailoring specific materials can enhance their macroscopic properties. While there is a good understanding of the effects of certain alloys, further research is needed on the influence of powder size distribution on primary carbide phases.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jingbin Hao et al.
Summary: High-temperature wear-resistant multi-layer laser cladding was prepared on a hot-working mould using a hybrid additive manufacturing method. After ultrasonic surface rolling treatment, the multi-layer cladding achieves a smooth nanolayer with surface roughness below 0.15 mu m, exhibiting better high-temperature wear resistance than the substrate.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Paolo C. Priarone et al.
Summary: This study investigates the potential of using additive manufacturing to repair mold inserts and extend product lifespans, finding that this approach can achieve cost and energy savings compared to traditional substitution methods.
CIRP JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Lairong Xiao et al.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Electrochemistry
Zhao Wen et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hai-Xin Wu et al.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiao Li et al.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Lu et al.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2016)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
D. Sen et al.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SPRAY TECHNOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Wilson Tafur Preciado et al.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2006)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
JC Viala et al.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2002)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B Sustarsic et al.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
F Meurling et al.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2001)
