4.5 Review

The role of microRNAs in pathophysiology and diagnostics of metabolic complications in obstructive sleep apnea patients

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Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic disorder characterized by recurring episodes of breathing pauses and shallow breathing during sleep. OSA is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic complications, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Multiple pathways, such as those involving HIF-1 and SIRT1 expression, may contribute to the development of T2DM in OSA patients. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as miRNA181a or miRNA199, are also believed to play a crucial role in this association. Additionally, OSA-induced disruption of the circadian clock may contribute to metabolic disorders through impaired glucose and lipid metabolism and altered bile acid secretion.

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Summary: This study found that the expression levels of NEAT1 and BiP genes were significantly increased, while miR-199a-5p expression was significantly decreased in patients with diabetic neuropathy. These findings suggest that the axis of NEAT1, miR-199a-5p, and BiP may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.

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Angiotensin II receptor blocker irbesartan attenuates sleep apnea-induced cardiac apoptosis and enhances cardiac survival and Sirtuin 1 upregulation

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Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Long-Term Cardiovascular Risks and All-Cause Mortality in Elderly Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

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Summary: The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. The risk of MACE gradually increases in individuals with three or more MetS components. Male, younger age, overweight and obese individuals, and those with moderate-severe OSA combined with MetS have a higher risk of MACE.

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miR-199a-5p Plays a Pivotal Role on Wound Healing via Suppressing VEGFA and ROCK1 in Diabetic Ulcer Foot

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Summary: This meta-analysis reveals the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and prediabetes/diabetes, as well as the impact of OSA severity on diabetes risk.

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Summary: This study evaluated the association between HIF-1 alpha, BDNF, and proBDNF protein levels among OSA patients. The results showed that in OSA patients, the levels of BDNF and proBDNF proteins were influenced by age and the mean SpO2 of desaturations during sleep.

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BDNF and proBDNF Serum Protein Levels in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and Their Involvement in Insomnia and Depression Symptoms

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Summary: This study investigated differences in concentrations of BDNF and proBDNF in patients with OSA and healthy individuals, and found that the BDNF signaling pathway might be involved in the pathophysiology of depression and insomnia in patients with OSA.

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Summary: This study aimed to explore potential biomarkers for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings identified several potential biomarkers that might be used for the diagnosis and prognosis of OSA.

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miR-199a-5p Relieves Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome-Related Hypertension by Targeting HIF-1α

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MiR-199a-3p inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of endothelial cells and retinal pericytes of diabetic retinopathy rats through regulating FGF7 via EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway

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Ningfang Lian et al.

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Xiaolei Wang et al.

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Shuo-Fang Zhao et al.

Summary: The study reveals that KCNQ1OT1 and its target gene miR-181a-5p regulate myocardial inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis by modulating PDCD4 in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM).

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LPS-enriched small extracellular vesicles from metabolic syndrome patients trigger endothelial dysfunction by activation of TLR4

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