Genomic and epidemiological perspectives on the first local sporadic cases of Mpox in China

From June 7th to 11th, 2023, eight cases of Mpox were identified in Guangzhou, China. This is the first report of multiple local sporadic cases after the imported case in Chongqing, China. Epidemiological investigation revealed that these cases had no history of international travel and no connections with each other. Haplotype network and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the possible origin is likely from Japan, although the direct origin may remain uncertain due to limited genomic sequences and sampling bias in GISAID. The three Guangzhou sequences have accumulated several novel mutations, suggesting the local transmission of Mpox may have been ongoing for some time. Based on the daily cases during the early stage of Mpox outbreak in four other countries, the number of possible infected cases in Guangzhou is inferred to be more than 300, suggesting that swift and efficient control measures must be implemented to mitigate the risk of a potential epidemic.

Automated summary

From June 7th to 11th, 2023, eight cases of Mpox were identified in Guangzhou, China. The cases had no international travel history and no connections with each other. The possible origin of the virus is likely from Japan, although this remains uncertain due to limited genomic sequences and sampling bias. The local transmission of Mpox in Guangzhou may have been ongoing for some time, with more than 300 possible infected cases inferred based on the early stage outbreak in other countries. Swift and efficient control measures are necessary to mitigate the risk of a potential epidemic.