Studying Abuse Testing on Lithium-Ion Battery Packaging for Energy Storage Systems

Recently, the increased adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) has significantly demanded new energy storage systems (ESS) technologies. In this way, Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are the mainstream technology for this application. Lithium presents several advantages compared with other chemicals because it can provide delivery energy for a long time, a long lifetime, and high density and capacity. The LIB comprises several cells connected in different configurations, such as parallel, series, or combinations. This variety of designs makes the monitoring control process more complex, complicating diagnosing and prognosis of abuses and failures. To observe these difficulties, this paper presents sixteen experiments of a mini-packing of four cells under the main abuses found in the LIB. The time series data were collected during the abuses and saved in a CSV file. The results indicated that the current, temperature, and voltage should be used to identify the external short-circuit (ESC) failures in the packing of batteries. On the other side, only the voltage signature is able to determine the Over-Charging (OC), and finally, the combination of temperature and voltage should be used to identify and locate the Over-Discharging (OD) failures in different arrangements of packing. This study also provides ways to build mechanisms to protect the cells and avoid loss of performance and safety issues.

Automated summary

The increased adoption of electric vehicles has led to a demand for new energy storage systems, with Lithium-ion batteries being the mainstream technology. However, the complex configuration of the batteries complicates the diagnosis of misuse and failure. This study conducted experiments on a mini-packing of four cells to simulate the main abuses found in Lithium-ion batteries. The results showed that current, temperature, and voltage can be used to identify external short-circuit failures, voltage signature can determine Over-Charging, and the combination of temperature and voltage can identify and locate Over-Discharging failures.