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Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Systematic mapping of gender equality and social inclusion in WASH interventions: knowledge clusters and gaps
Biljana Macura et al.
Summary: Poor access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in low-resource settings threatens population health and contributes to gender and social inequalities. This review aimed to collate and describe available research evidence of gender equality and social inclusion (GESI) outcomes evaluated in WASH intervention studies. The findings highlight the need to incorporate GESI considerations into the evaluation of WASH interventions and the importance of collecting data and monitoring GESI outcomes.
BMJ GLOBAL HEALTH (2023)
Article
Development Studies
The Agency, Resources, and Institutional Structures for Sanitation-related Empowerment (ARISE) Scales: Development and validation of measures of women's empowerment in urban sanitation for low- and middle-income countries
Sheela S. Sinharoy et al.
Summary: Sustainable Development Goal 6 aims to ensure access to water and sanitation for all, with a focus on the needs of women and girls. This study develops and validates survey instruments to measure women's empowerment in urban sanitation in low- and middle-income countries. The ARISE scales provide a comprehensive and validated toolset for measuring sub-domains of empowerment in WASH, filling a gap in the field. These scales and associated survey modules contribute to improved program and policy design and evaluation to enhance women's empowerment in urban sanitation.
WORLD DEVELOPMENT (2023)
Article
Women's Studies
The water, sanitation and hygiene gender equality measure (WASH-GEM): Conceptual foundations and domains of change
Naomi Carrard et al.
Summary: This article introduces a recently developed quantitative measure of gender equality in WASH - the water, sanitation and hygiene gender equality measure (WASH-GEM) - and outlines the key challenges faced in its development. The authors developed the WASH-GEM through a collaborative process informed by a feminist perspective, literature review, pilot implementation, and partner engagement. They discuss the important considerations in the design of quantitative measures of social change, and define the five domains of measurement for the WASH-GEM. Reflecting on the design of the WASH-GEM, the article contributes to the discourse on methodological challenges and imperatives in measuring complex social change.
WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM (2022)
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