Peristaltic pumping of ternary hybrid nanofluid between two sinusoidally deforming curved tubes

This paper aims to inspect the mixed convective peristaltic transport of ternary hybrid nanofluids between two sinusoidally deforming lubricated curved concentric tubes. Titanium, Alumina, and copper nanoparticles are taken for the current problem with blood as a base fluid. The heat equation is also modeled in the presence of heat generation/absorption. The curved shape structure of flow geometry from the external side with a flexible complex nature of the peristaltic endoscope present inside that is similar to the endoscopy of a living organ. The governing expressions of the proposed model are followed under the long wavelength and small Reynolds number hypothesis. The exact solutions for flow fields that is, velocity, temperature, pumping phenomenon, and streamlines are attained by utilizing the separation of variable technique. Furthermore, graphs are used to examine and discuss different parameters outcomes. The outcomes reveal that liquid velocity enhances near the outer wall of the sinusoidal curved tube but it declines with the peristaltic endoscope for enhancing curvature parameter. The fluid temperature is reduced by enhancing the values of curvature parameter.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the mixed convective peristaltic transport of ternary hybrid nanofluids between two sinusoidally deforming lubricated curved concentric tubes. Titanium, Alumina, and copper nanoparticles are used with blood as the base fluid in this study. The heat equation is also considered with heat generation/absorption. The exact solutions for velocity, temperature, pumping phenomenon, and streamlines are obtained using the separation of variable technique. The results show that the liquid velocity increases near the outer wall of the sinusoidal curved tube but decreases with the peristaltic endoscope for enhancing curvature parameter. The fluid temperature is reduced by increasing the values of the curvature parameter.