4.7 Review

Metallic Materials for Bone Repair

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Review Materials Science, Biomaterials

Current Advances and Applications of Tantalum Element in Infected Bone Defects

Hu Qian et al.

Summary: Infected bone defects (IBDs) pose significant challenges to orthopedic surgeons due to their economic and psychological burdens. Traditional approaches have limitations, necessitating the development of new functionalized scaffolds. Tantalum (Ta) has good biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, but undecorated Ta cannot meet the antibacterial needs of IBDs. Researchers have explored various methods to functionalize Ta scaffolds and enhance their antibacterial activity. This review outlines the advances in Ta's fundamental and clinical application, focusing on its antibacterial properties, functionalization for bacteriostasis, and modification of orthopedic scaffolds.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Influence of porosity on osteogenesis, bone growth and osteointegration in trabecular tantalum scaffolds fabricated by additive manufacturing

Juyang Jiao et al.

Summary: Porous tantalum scaffolds with three different porosities (60%, 70%, and 80%) were prepared using laser powder bed fusing technique to investigate the effects on the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. The in vivo bone ingrowth and osseointegration effects of each scaffold were evaluated in a rat femoral bone defect model. The results showed that scaffolds with 70% and 80% porosity exhibited better osteogenic proliferation and differentiation capacity, as well as bone ingrowth, suggesting that the 3D printed trabecular tantalum scaffold with 70% porosity could be the optimal choice for implant design.

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (2023)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Recent advances for liquid metals: Synthesis, modification and bio-applications

Zhenhu Guo et al.

Summary: In recent years, there has been a growing demand for novel biomaterials with extraordinary functions in modern biomedicine. Liquid metals (LMs), a nontraditional family of metal materials, have attracted the interest of biomedical researchers and made significant advances in various biomedical applications. Functionalized strategies for the preparation and modification of LMs-based composites have been explored, providing valuable insights for the fabrication and engineering of novel LMs-based materials. This topic review focuses on the recent advances in LMs-based functional materials, including synthesis, modification, and bio-applications, and discusses the current challenges and future prospects of LMs-based composites.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2023)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Fabrication and Properties of Biodegradable Akermanite-Reinforced Fe35Mn Alloys for Temporary Orthopedic Implant Applications

Meili Zhang et al.

Summary: In this study, Fe35Mn/Ake composites were prepared using a powder metallurgy route and the effects of different Ake contents on the microstructure, mechanical properties, degradation, and biocompatibility of the composites were investigated. The addition of Ake increased the relative density, compressive yield strength, and elastic modulus of the pure Fe35Mn, but decreased the ductility. Higher concentrations of Ake potentially increased the corrosion rate of Fe35Mn. However, all tested compositions showed no measurable weight loss after immersion in simulated body fluid for 4 weeks, indicating good corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Human osteoblasts exhibited increasing viability on Fe35Mn/Ake composites with higher Ake content, suggesting improved in vitro biocompatibility. Fe35Mn/Ake may have potential for biodegradable bone implant applications, especially Fe35Mn/30Ake, if the slow corrosion issue can be addressed.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Fabrication of Porous Tantalum with Low Elastic Modulus and Tunable Pore Size for Bone Repair

Dingshan Liang et al.

Summary: Porous tantalum (Ta) with controllable pore size was fabricated and studied, showing excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, making it a potential bone substitute.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Engineering, Manufacturing

Laser-beam powder bed fusion followed by annealing with stress: A promising route for magnetostrictive improvement of polycrystalline Fe81Ga19 alloys

Chengde Gao et al.

Summary: A processing route combining PBF-LB and AS was used to prepare bulk polycrystalline Fe81Ga19 alloys, which showed improved magnetostriction and mechanical properties.

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (2023)

Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

A review: Magneto-optical sensor based on magnetostrictive materials and magneto-optical material

Guangyuan Chen et al.

Summary: Traditional magnetic field sensors have limitations in large-scale applications due to their large size, complex structure, poor anti-interference ability, and low sensitivity. Magneto-optical sensors, with small size, high integration, stability and reliability in extreme working environments, and high sensitivity, can effectively overcome these shortcomings and are easier to convert into application products.

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS REPORTS (2023)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Magnetostrictive alloys: Promising materials for biomedical applications

Chengde Gao et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the advances and biomedical applications of magnetostrictive alloys, including the types of alloys, preparation methods, magnetostrictive strains and phase compositions. It also discusses the interactions with cells and the latest applications in various fields.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Additive manufacturing of Zn-Mg alloy porous scaffolds with enhanced osseointegration: In vitro and in vivo studies

Yu Qin et al.

Summary: This study fabricated biodegradable Zn-Mg alloy porous scaffolds using laser powder bed fusion and investigated their microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion performance, cell compatibility, etc. The results showed that the Zn-1Mg porous scaffolds exhibited good mechanical performance and biocompatibility, meeting the requirements for personalized biodegradable bone implants.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2022)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Recent Advances in Copper-Doped Titanium Implants

Yuncheng Wu et al.

Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in the design and preparation methods of Cu-doped Ti and Ti alloy implants. The antibacterial and mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Cu-doped Ti implants from different methods are systematically reviewed. Cu-doped Ti implants have shown enhanced bone repair and regeneration, angiogenesis, and antibacterial capability.

MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Physical

3D-Printed Double-Helical Biodegradable Iron Suture Anchor: A Rabbit Rotator Cuff Tear Model

Wen-Chih Liu et al.

Summary: This study used three-dimensional-printed biodegradable Fe suture anchors in rotator cuff tear surgery and found that they exhibited similar or superior performance compared to commercialized Ti suture anchors. This development has the potential to become a better choice for such surgeries.

MATERIALS (2022)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

3D and 4D Printing of Complex Structures of Fe-Mn-Si-Based Shape Memory Alloy Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Dohyung Kim et al.

Summary: This article demonstrates that complex 3D structures of Fe-based shape memory alloys (Fe-SMAs) can be produced through a 3D printing process of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), showing good mechanical properties and shape recovery behavior.

ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES (2022)

Article Biophysics

Mesenchymal stem cell-seeded porous tantalum-based biomaterial: A promising choice for promoting bone regeneration

Zimo Zhou et al.

Summary: Porous tantalum-based biomaterials have been widely used in bone defect repair due to their unique properties and excellent biocompatibility. BMSCs, as an important type of stem cells, have shown great potential in regulating the effects of porous tantalum. This study reviews the characteristics of porous tantalum-based biomaterials and the regulatory mechanisms on BMSCs, and discusses the feasibility of seeding BMSCs in porous tantalum-based biomaterials for tissue repair.

COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Magnetostrictive bulk Fe-Ga alloys prepared by selective laser melting for biodegradable implant applications

Chengde Gao et al.

Summary: Selective laser melting (SLM) was used for the first time to manufacture bulk polycrystalline Fe81Ga19 alloys, revealing the influence of different scanning paths on grain orientation and magnetostrictive properties. Zigzag scanning resulted in the best magnetostrictive properties and mechanical strength, indicating the potential of SLM for manufacturing magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloys.

MATERIALS & DESIGN (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

An Extracellular Matrix-like Surface for Zn Alloy to Enhance Bone Regeneration

Mengting Mao et al.

Summary: This study developed a bone-mimetic extracellular matrix (ECM)-like surface on Zn-1Ca implants using a hybrid process, which improved the adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts and vascularization of endothelial cells. The surface also reduced the release of Zn2+ and enhanced new bone formation, making it a promising scaffold for bone regeneration of Zn-based implants.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2022)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Fabrication and characterization of biodegradable Zn scaffold by vacuum heating-press sintering for bone repair

Runhua Yao et al.

Summary: This study successfully fabricated biodegradable porous Zn scaffolds with relatively high mechanical properties using vacuum heating-press sintering method. The scaffolds showed suitable degradation rate and good biocompatibility, indicating a high potential for clinical bone repair.

BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES (2022)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

In vitro and 48 weeks in vivo performances of 3D printed porous Fe-30Mn biodegradable scaffolds

Yong Nie et al.

Summary: The porous Fe-30Mn biodegradable scaffolds fabricated by SLM exhibited mechanical adaptability, in vitro and long-term in vivo biocompatibility, and long-term in vivo osseointegration performance during 48 weeks in vivo degradation. This suggests that they could be a reliable and practical alternative for repairing load-bearing bone defects.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Cancellous bone-like porous Fe@Zn scaffolds with core-shell-structured skeletons for biodegradable bone implants

Jin He et al.

Summary: The study presented the feasibility of porous Fe@Zn scaffolds for biodegradable bone implants with similar structure and mechanical properties to cancellous bone, controllable degradation rate, strong antibacterial ability, and promotion of new bone formation and ingrowth. The composition, crystallography, and microstructure of in vivo degradation products were revealed at the nanometer scale, providing significant insight into the degradation mechanism of porous Zn in a physiological environment.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2021)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Influence of porous tantalum scaffold pore size on osteogenesis and osteointegration: A comprehensive study based on 3D-printing technology

Changqi Luo et al.

Summary: The size of pore and porosity play a crucial role in the efficiency of porous tantalum scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Among different pore sizes, 400-600 μm showed the strongest ability in facilitating cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in vitro and better performance of bone ingrowth and integration in vivo, making it conducive to osteogenesis and osseointegration.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2021)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Biodegradable metals for bone defect repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on animal studies

Jiazhen Zhang et al.

Summary: The study reviewed animal studies on biodegradable metals for bone defect repair and found mixed effects on repair and degradation compared to traditional biomaterials. However, there were limitations in experimental design and overall evidence quality, highlighting the need for further evidence-based research for clinical translation.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Biodegradable magnesium pins enhanced the healing of transverse patellar fracture in rabbits

Dick Ho Kiu Chow et al.

Summary: Fixation of displaced patellar fractures with biodegradable magnesium pins can enhance new bone formation and mechanical properties of the repaired patella.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Injectable Affinity and Remote Magnetothermal Effects of Bi-Based Alloy for Long-Term Bone Defect Repair and Analgesia

Yuanyuan He et al.

Summary: Recent research demonstrates that Bi-based low melting point alloy, with unique properties such as injectability, mechanical capability, biocompatibility, and bone affinity, can serve as an excellent artificial bone substitute. Moreover, the use of Bi alloy for hyperthermia analgesia via non-invasive wireless energy delivery is proposed, reducing adverse effects on bone remodeling caused by traditional drugs.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2021)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

Bioresorbable Magnesium-Based Alloys as Novel Biomaterials in Oral Bone Regeneration: General Review and Clinical Perspectives

Valentin Herber et al.

Summary: Synthetic Mg-based biomaterials are promising candidates for bone regeneration due to their bone-like properties, different Mg-based alloys have been developed to fit clinical requirements, and advances in additive manufacturing offer the possibility to fabricate bioresorbable metallic porous scaffolds.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE (2021)

Review Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering

Magnesium-based biomaterials as emerging agents for bone repair and regeneration: from mechanism to application

Hang Zhou et al.

Summary: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant element in the human body and plays a crucial role in specific osteogenesis functions. Magnesium-based biomaterials show promising potential in bone reconstruction due to their excellent biocompatibility and osteopromotive properties. A comprehensive review of the history, properties, and applications of MBs highlights their importance in bone repair and regeneration.

JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

Biodegradable Zn-Sr alloy for bone regeneration in rat femoral condyle defect model: In vitro and in vivo studies

Bo Jia et al.

Summary: Bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, or diseases present challenges for orthopedic surgeons, especially when critical in size. Biodegradable zinc-based metals, particularly Zn-Sr alloys, show promising biocompatibility and osteogenic properties. The Zn-0.8Sr alloy, with its ability to activate multiple signaling pathways for osteogenesis, proves to be an ideal candidate for bone repair, demonstrating favorable in vivo properties and biosafety.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2021)

Article Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering

3D-cubic interconnected porous Mg-based scaffolds for bone repair

Qiangsheng Dong et al.

Summary: In this study, 3D-cubic interconnected porous Mg-xZn-0.3Ca scaffolds were prepared, showing high porosity and a pore structure similar to human cancellous bone, with good compression properties. However, the scaffolds exhibited undesirable degradation behavior in Hank's solution, indicating the need for surface modifications to control degradation.

JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS (2021)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Antimicrobial Bioresorbable Mg-Zn-Ca Alloy for Bone Repair in a Comparison Study with Mg-Zn-Sr Alloy and Pure Mg

Chaoxing Zhang et al.

ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING (2020)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biodegradable Magnesium-Based Implants in Orthopedics-A General Review and Perspectives

Jia-Li Wang et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Selective laser melted Fe-Mn bone scaffold: microstructure, corrosion behavior and cell response

Cijun Shuai et al.

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Article Engineering, Manufacturing

Laser additive manufacturing of Mg-based composite with improved degradation behaviour

Youwen Yang et al.

VIRTUAL AND PHYSICAL PROTOTYPING (2020)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys Promote Angio-Osteogenesis to Enhance Bone Repair

Hyung-Seop Han et al.

ADVANCED SCIENCE (2020)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Schwann Cell-derived exosomes promote bone regeneration and repair by enhancing the biological activity of porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds

Zhigang Wu et al.

BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

In vitro and in vivo comparisons of the porous Ti6Al4V alloys fabricated by the selective laser melting technique and a new sintering technique

Ji Li et al.

JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS (2019)

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Responses of human urothelial cells to magnesium-zinc-strontium alloys and associated insoluble degradation products for urological stent applications

Qiaomu Tian et al.

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Bionic design and 3D printing of porous titanium alloy scaffolds for bone tissue repair

Li Zhao et al.

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Laser additive manufacturing of Zn-2Al part for bone repair: Formability, microstructure and properties

Cijun Shuai et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2019)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Bioceramic enhances the degradation and bioactivity of iron bone implant

Cijun Shuai et al.

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Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

Comparison of 3D-printed porous tantalum and titanium scaffolds on osteointegration and osteogenesis

Han Wang et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2019)

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Porous Tantalum and Titanium in Orthopedics: A Review

Qing Han et al.

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Recent advancements in Fe-based biodegradable materials for bone repair

R. Gorejova et al.

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In Vitro and in Vivo Study of 3D-Printed Porous Tantalum Scaffolds for Repairing Bone Defects

Yu Guo et al.

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Biopolymers as bone substitutes: a review

Anastasiia Kashirina et al.

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Fabrication of magnesium-based metallic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Lipi Malladi et al.

MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY (2018)

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In vivo bone regeneration analysis of trilayer coated 316L stainless steel implant in rabbit model

Priyanka Majee et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2018)

Review Cell & Tissue Engineering

Advances in osteobiologic materials for bone substitutes

Anwarul Hasan et al.

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Review Instruments & Instrumentation

Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys Developed as Bone Repair Materials: A Review

Chen Liu et al.

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Titanium Fiber Plates for Bone Tissue Repair

Takashi Takizawa et al.

ADVANCED MATERIALS (2018)

Article Materials Science, Biomaterials

TiZrNbTaMo high-entropy alloy designed for orthopedic implants: As-cast microstructure and mechanical properties

Shao-Ping Wang et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS (2017)

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Fundamentals and advances in magnesium alloy corrosion

M. Esmaily et al.

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2017)

Article Orthopedics

Porous Tantalum in Reconstructive Surgery of the Knee – A Review

Brett Levine et al.

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Degradation of Bioresorbable Mg-4Zn-1Sr Intramedullary Pins and Associated Biological Responses in Vitro and in Vivo

Aaron F. Cipriano et al.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2017)

Review Engineering, Biomedical

Bone grafts and biomaterials substitutes for bone defect repair: A review

Wenhao Wang et al.

BIOACTIVE MATERIALS (2017)

Proceedings Paper Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

3D printed porous stainless steel for potential use in medicine

M. Fousova et al.

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Biodegradable magnesium alloys for orthopaedic applications: A review on corrosion, biocompatibility and surface modifications

Sankalp Agarwal et al.

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Highly porous, low elastic modulus 316L stainless steel scaffold prepared by selective laser melting

Jaroslav Capek et al.

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Mhairi Little et al.

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Zeeshan Sheikh et al.

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Investigation into the effect of process parameters on microstructural and physical properties of 316L stainless steel parts by selective laser melting

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Yu Sun et al.

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Effect of a porous tantalum rod on early and intermediate stages of necrosis of the femoral head

Guohui Liu et al.

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Can Porous Tantalum Be Used to Achieve Ankle and Subtalar Arthrodesis? A Pilot Study

Arno Frigg et al.

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Biocorrosion properties and blood and cell compatibility of pure iron as a biodegradable biomaterial

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Molly M. Stevens

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Low stiffness porous Ti structures for load-bearing implants

B. Vamsi Krishna et al.

ACTA BIOMATERIALIA (2007)

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Experimental and clinical performance of porous tantalum in orthopedic surgery

Brett Russell Levine et al.

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U. Kneser et al.

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Cato Laurencin et al.

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