LAMP1 as a novel molecular biomarker to predict the prognosis of the children with autism spectrum disorder using bioinformatics approaches

Article Psychology, Developmental

Altered Cerebellum Spontaneous Activity in Juvenile Autism Spectrum Disorders Associated with Clinical Traits

Jinglun Li et al.

Summary: This study found associations between the cerebellum and clinical traits in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients, with different cerebellar regions showing correlations with various aspects of SRS scores.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The Cerebellar Involvement in Autism Spectrum Disorders: From the Social Brain to Mouse Models

Lisa Mapelli et al.

Summary: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with various forms. The identification of ASD hallmarks and key brain areas, such as the social brain and the cerebellum, has been made possible by recent advancements in brain assessment and the use of mouse models. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the involvement of the cerebellum in ASD, from its connections to the social brain to the use of monogenic mouse models.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Modern Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Future Directions

Amanda R. Jensen et al.

Summary: Autism spectrum disorder is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder, and recent research has focused on identifying specific biological abnormalities as biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. Various biomarkers, including prenatal history, genetics, neurology, metabolism, immune system, autonomic nervous system, and nutrition, have shown promising preliminary evidence for risk assessment, diagnosis, subtyping, and treatment response. However, validation studies and clinically relevant comparison groups are lacking in most studies, indicating that biomarker research in autism spectrum disorder is still in the early stages of development.

MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS & THERAPY (2022)

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Article Psychiatry

Children neuropsychological and behavioral scale-revision 2016 in the early detection of autism spectrum disorder

Shuling Chen et al.

Summary: The study aimed to determine the appropriate cutoff value for ASD screening recommended by the communication warning behavior of CNBS-R2016, suggesting that when the communication warning behavior score is 12 points or greater, attention and further comprehensive diagnostic evaluation for ASD are required for early detection and diagnosis of ASD in children.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Signalling pathways in autism spectrum disorder: mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Chen-Chen Jiang et al.

Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common and complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a strong genetic basis. Despite the limited understanding of its etiology, risk factors, and disease progression, significant progress has been made in genetics, identifying hundreds of genes associated with a high risk for autism. The involvement of signal transduction molecular events in pathological processes has important implications for precise molecular targeting in autism. This review provides insights into the mechanisms and clinical implications of signal transduction in autism, as well as future challenges and perspectives.

SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY (2022)

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Review Neurosciences

Behavioral Tests for Mouse Models of Autism: An Argument for the Inclusion of Cerebellum-Controlled Motor Behaviors

Dana H. Simmons et al.

Summary: Mouse models of Autism Spectrum Disorder help researchers gain insight into ASD symptoms in human patients. Differentiating behaviors between mice and humans can be challenging, so it is important to carefully evaluate behavioral tests for specific mouse behaviors to learn about ASD.

NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Psychology, Developmental

ESCAP practice guidance for autism: a summary of evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment

Joaquin Fuentes et al.

Summary: There is a growing awareness in Europe of the frequency and significance of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is now seen as a neurodevelopmental condition that persists throughout life. Services for individuals with autism and their families vary across European countries, with limited provision in many areas. In 2018, ESCAP identified the need for a Practice Guidance document to improve knowledge and practice, especially in underserviced regions.

EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Review Immunology

Autism spectrum disorders and natural killer cells: a review on pathogenesis and treatment

Sepideh Ebrahimi Meimand et al.

Summary: This review highlights the association between Natural Killer (NK) cells and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), emphasizing the dysfunction of NK cells in children with ASD. Immune therapy for children with ASD who have immune abnormalities has shown promising results. Further research is needed to elucidate the exact role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of ASD, providing potential future treatment options for these children.

EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Gut-licensed IFNγ+ NK cells drive LAMP1+TRAIL+ anti-inflammatory astrocytes

Liliana M. Sanmarco et al.

Summary: This study identifies a subset of astrocytes that limit inflammation in the central nervous system by inducing T cell apoptosis through TRAIL-DR5 signaling. The expression of TRAIL in these astrocytes is regulated by interferon-gamma produced by meningeal NK cells, which is modulated by the gut microbiome.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

CD107a+ (LAMP-1) Cytotoxic CD8+ T-Cells in Lupus Nephritis Patients

Anika Wiechmann et al.

Summary: This study found that the expression of CD107a on CD8(+) T-cells is decreased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, particularly in those with inactive disease. There is a significant correlation between the percentage of CD107a(+)CD8(+) T-cells and disease activity, suggesting a potential association with disease activity and a role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.

FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE (2021)

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Review Neurosciences

Hippocampal contributions to social and cognitive deficits in autism spectrum disorder

Sarah M. Banker et al.

Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social functioning as well as commonly impaired nonsocial cognition such as hippocampus-dependent spatial reasoning and episodic memory. The symptoms of ASD typically emerge between 12 and 24 months of age, a critical developmental period for the hippocampus. Despite evidence of hippocampal structural abnormalities in individuals with ASD, there has been relatively little focus on hippocampal function in human studies. This review highlights the hippocampus as a promising area of interest for future research in ASD.

TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Altered heparan sulfate metabolism during development triggers dopamine-dependent autistic-behaviours in models of lysosomal storage disorders

Maria De Risi et al.

Summary: Lysosomal storage disorders, characterized by altered metabolism of heparan sulfate, cause autistic symptoms followed by dementia in children. The study found that embryonic dopaminergic neurodevelopmental defects due to altered function of heparan sulfate lead to autistic behaviors in mice.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Review Psychology, Developmental

The Diagnosis of Autism: From Kanner to DSM-III to DSM-5 and Beyond

Nicole E. Rosen et al.

Summary: This paper reviews the impact of DSM-III and its successors on the field of autism, discussing both clinical work and research. It summarizes the events leading to the inclusion of autism in DSM-III, subsequent revisions, and the official recognition of autism on research. The paper also explores the categorical vs. dimensional approaches and tensions around broad vs. narrow views of autism, as well as areas of current controversy and future directions.

JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences