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Review
Chemistry, Physical
Runrun Xu et al.
Summary: This paper introduces the phase constituents, microstructure control measures, and texture evolutions of γ-TiAl alloys. It summarizes the factors influencing the mechanical properties and fracture mechanisms of γ-TiAl alloys, and proposes future development directions.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuzhi Zhang et al.
Summary: High strain rate rolling (HSRR) was used to produce TiAl alloy sheets at an average strain rate of 7.23 s-1. Ti-42Al-9V alloys were rolled with a single pass reduction of 80% within the (alpha + gamma) double phase region at 1250 degrees C. The microstructure of the Ti-42Al-9V alloy sheet consisted mainly of a fine needle-like beta/gamma mixture structure and block alpha 2 phase divided by mechanical twins. {1 1 2 2}1 1 2 3 contraction twins were the main component, with a few {1 0 1 2}1 0 1 1 extension twins generated in the primary contraction twins.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Liu et al.
Summary: The decomposition mechanism of (alpha(2) /gamma) lamellae was investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) techniques. The results revealed the facilitated alpha(2)->ss phase transformation and the formation of ellipsoidal omega(o) particles. The mechanism of the lath-shaped omega(o) phase was attributed to both element segregation and strain accommodation caused by the ss o precipitate in alpha(2) lamellae. These findings provide insights into the decomposition mechanism of (alpha(2)/gamma) lamellae and have implications for controlling microstructures and improving the performance of ss-solidified gamma-TiAl alloys.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xuesong Xu et al.
Summary: The deformation mechanism responsible for the high-cycle rotating bending fatigue of a high-Nb TiAl alloy was studied. Superlattice dislocations [0 1 1] and twinning dominated the fatigue deformation in the gamma phase. Dislocations 11 0 in the B2 phase were induced by twins in the adjacent gamma phase due to the low stacking fault energy caused by the high Nb content. Stress transfer between adjacent phases was achieved through atomic rearrangement of the interface by twinning. Local stresses were accommodated by continuous dislocation slip in the B2 phase, deformation twins, and twin intersections in the gamma phase.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Weigang Yang et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic recrystallization (DRX), microstructure evolution, and texture of TiAl alloys with high Nb content (Ti-43Al-6Nb-1Mo-1Cr (at%)) during isothermal deformation. It is found that recrystallized γ grains with L10 structure dominate the deformation process at 1150 degrees C/ 0.005 s-1. Additionally, a deformation-induced γ/α2 -> α phase transformation occurs in the TiAl alloy. The texture of the α2 phase mainly maintains a transverse texture, while the γ phase exhibits a typical hot-rolled texture at low strain and a scattered texture at higher strains due to the nucleation of dynamic recrystallized grains. The variation in texture is mainly caused by different DRX behaviors at various strains.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhenquan Liang et al.
Summary: A creep-resistant Ti-45Al-6Nb-2.5V-0.15Y2O3 alloy was studied at different creep stages. It was found that the creep deformation of this alloy is influenced by dislocation slip, climb of gamma phase, and alpha 2 phase due to the activation of a slip system. The interactions among dislocation, twin boundary, and Y2O3 particle cause creep hardening, while dynamic recrystallization softens the alloy. Surface and bulk damage caused by oxidation and void nucleation increase the creep rate until fracture. Additionally, TiAl2 phases nucleate and grow during creep, maintaining a small planar disregistry with the gamma matrix.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Toshimitsu Tetsui
Summary: This study investigated the effects of microstructure on impact resistance and machinability of TiAl alloys using Ti-Al-Cr ternary alloys. Six types of typical microstructures were confirmed by varying Al and Cr concentrations and heat-treatment conditions. Coarse FL had the best impact resistance but poor machinability, while gamma had the best machinability but the weakest impact resistance. caution should be exercised when using gamma microstructure in other engines with different operating environment, and the microstructure containing the fi phase is inferior in all aspects.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mingfu Liu et al.
Summary: Al/Ti composite structures are obtained through isothermal compression and annealing procedures; a nanoscale Al-Ti solid solution and TiAl3 are formed at the interface, with observed Si and Mg-enriched clusters; the thickness of the TiAl3 layer increases significantly with annealing temperature, while the enrichment of Si and Mg decreases.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mi Zhou et al.
Summary: Continuous fiber-reinforced TiAl-matrix composites with Ta fiber reinforcement were prepared and investigated in this study. Three types of reaction products were formed between Ta fiber and TiAl matrix: sigma-Ta2Al, B2, and alpha(2) phases. The fracture toughness of the composite was significantly improved, with the main toughening mechanism being plastic deformation of the Ta fiber and interfacial debonding.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xinyu Zhang et al.
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure formation and transformation mechanisms in rapidly solidified TiAl alloy. The results show that the alloy retains the alpha 2 phase and transforms into nanolamellar structures or equiaxed gamma microstructures depending on the temperature. The understanding gained from this research can enhance the tunability of the microstructure in additively manufactured TiAl alloy.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zitong Gao et al.
Summary: This study investigates the metastable transformation behavior in a cast Ti-48Al-3Nb1.5Ta alloy during continuous cooling. The results show that a small amount of Ta promotes metastable transformations and reduces the cooling rates required. Crystallographic and kinetics studies reveal the nucleation mechanism of the Widmanstatten transformation. Thermodynamic analyses suggest that Ta may reduce the energy of the gamma phase boundaries to promote the nucleation of metastable structures.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
E. Epifano et al.
Summary: This study investigates the role of nitrogen and carbon in the oxidation of Ti-Al intermetallic alloys in air, using first-principle computations to study the insertion and diffusion of these elements in the gamma-TiAl phase. Results show that both carbon and nitrogen prefer Ti-rich environments, and anisotropic diffusion is obtained for all the interstitial species in gamma-TiAl.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jinguang Li et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the high temperature compressive process of TiNbf/TiAl composite using in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) method. The results showed that both the fiber and interface play an important role in the initial deformation, but the fiber degrades at the later stage, while the load capacity of the interface remains the strongest.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tengfei Ma et al.
Summary: The hot workability of a β-γ Ti-44Al-6Nb-1Mo-0.3 (B, Y, La, Ce) alloy was studied under variable conditions. The alloy showed typical work hardening and flow softening features, indicating dynamic recrystallization as the dominant softening mechanism. Increasing strain and holding time resulted in uniform equiaxed dynamic recrystallization grains.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Ozge Genc et al.
Summary: Gamma titanium aluminides (γ-TiAl) are suitable for aerospace applications due to their high strength and low density at high temperatures. However, low ductility and fracture toughness at low temperatures limit their use. This study investigates the effect of additional alloying elements on improving the shortcomings of γ-TiAl alloy, resulting in improved microstructure and mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Baohua Duan et al.
Summary: This paper introduces the development trend of γ-TiAl alloys by introducing "Al-equivalent" and discusses the intrinsic nature of this trend in detail from the two aspects of phase transformations and solidification micro-structures. Furthermore, it summarizes the role of common alloying elements in γ-TiAl alloys.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Guanze Sun et al.
Summary: In this study, the high-cycle fatigue life of TNM-TiAl alloy under different stress ratios was investigated. The results showed that the fatigue life of the alloy is mainly affected by the mean stress and stress amplitude, decreasing with the increase of stress amplitude and the decrease of mean stress.
FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dongxu Li et al.
Summary: The thermal stability of microstructures plays a crucial role in the performance of alloys in extreme environments. It was found that excess alpha 2 phases decomposed during thermal exposure in the high Nb-containing Ti45A18Nb alloy. Hexagonal Ti2Al phases precipitated at lamellar interfaces and had a specific crystallographic orientation relationship with the matrix.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shouzhen Cao et al.
Summary: Cyclic heat treatment is effective in improving the microstructure and properties of the as-cast Ti-46Al-1Cr-2V alloy. The treatment results in refined grain size and increased elongation at room temperature. The treated alloy shows excellent tensile strength and plasticity at 800 degrees C due to fine grain strengthening and complex twinning movement.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liang Cheng et al.
Summary: This study investigated the deformation pattern and mechanical response of a Ti-43.5Al-8Nb-0.2W-0.2B alloy with refined fully lamellar microstructure. The results showed that the plastic anisotropy of the lamellar colonies led to bending deformation, slow recrystallization kinetics, and crystalline rotation. Numerical simulation demonstrated that the mechanical response of the colonies depended on the prior orientation, with continuous flow hardening observed at certain interfaces.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Michael Musi et al.
Summary: In recent years, Zr has emerged as a promising alloying element for intermetallic gamma-TiAl based alloys to improve their mechanical properties. This study focuses on the influence of Zr on the microstructure and thermodynamic phase equilibria in the ternary Ti-(42-46)Al-(2-4)Zr (at.%) system. The results show that alloying with Zr increases the amount of the gamma phase and enhances the hardness of the material. Additionally, the high Zr alloyed materials exhibit a decrease in solidus temperature. These findings are important for understanding and optimizing the performance of gamma-TiAl based alloys.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Xiao-bing LI et al.
Summary: The microstructural evolution and tensile properties of a forged Ti-42Al-5Mn alloy subjected to different heat treatments were studied. The results showed that the microstructure and properties of the alloy can be improved by adjusting the heat treatment process.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cheng-ren Dai et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the decomposition process of the alpha(2) phase into the nano-sized orthorhombic (O) phase and blocky omega(0) phase in high Nb-containing γ-TiAl alloys at different temperatures. The study reveals that the transformation of O phase is controlled by Nb diffusion, while the formation of omega(0) phase is also related to Nb element. The pseudo-binary phase diagram accurately predicts the phase transformations in the alloys, providing insights for designing high Nb-containing γ-TiAl alloys.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Umer Ilyas et al.
Summary: A study was conducted on the influence of the fully lamellar structure of TiAl alloys on creep behavior, proposing a crystal plasticity model with modified hardening behavior that explains how locally activated crystallographic deformation modes influence macroscopic creep behavior. Model validation showed accurate prediction of creep parameters under different temperature and stress loading conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ali Shaaban et al.
Summary: The experimental study investigated the effects of transition metals on phase transformations in TiAl systems with different Al compositions at temperatures between 1473 and 1073 K. Microstructure evolutions and elemental compositions in different phases were examined, as well as the movements of the threephase tie triangle and changes of tie-lines at different temperatures to estimate the stability of alpha and alpha 2.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yun-lei Gao et al.
Summary: TiAl-5wt.%Ti2AlC-3wt.%Mn composites with a novel microstructure were fabricated by adding Mn and in situ synthesized Ti2AlC nanoparticles. The interface between nanoparticles and the TiAl matrix maintained a stable combination, leading to grain refinement in the composites. The properties of the composites were improved mainly by thermal mismatch strengthening, Orowan strengthening, grain refinement strengthening, and solid solution strengthening, resulting in a significant increase in strength and ductility.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Toshimitsu Tetsui
Summary: The use of hot-forged TiAl alloy allows for the manufacturing of large parts that are challenging to produce through casting or isothermal forging. Ti-42Al-5Mn (at%) is the first TiAl alloy in this category and has been utilized for the production of practical large-scale structural defense components since around 2010. This paper discusses the developmental status, practical applications, process stabilization, and material property enhancements of this alloy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shiwei Tian et al.
Summary: The flow stress-strain curves are sensitive to deformation conditions, with a linear relationship between critical strain and peak strain ratio, except under specific conditions. Different recrystallization mechanisms for different phases have an impact on the hot working window of TiAl alloy.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Yang et al.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xi-Cong Ye et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lin Song et al.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shouzhen Cao et al.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhang Shuzhi et al.
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
(2016)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Helmut Clemens et al.
MATERIALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
(2016)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
F. Appel et al.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. H. Cao et al.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Y. Zong et al.
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Janschek
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. W. Huang
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. W. Huang
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yi Zhou et al.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Z. Niu et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Z. Niu et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuyong Chen et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. W. Huang et al.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Z. W. Huang et al.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Julius C. Schuster et al.
JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION
(2006)
