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Article
Environmental Sciences
Ivan Hupka et al.
Summary: Samples from coal-fired power stations in the Czech Republic were collected to assess their dissolution parameters, particularly uranium and lead content. The dissolution rates were analyzed using different models and it was found that uranium and lead were mainly deposited in fine particles.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kirubajiny Pasupathy et al.
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of alkali-activated brick waste powder as a binder for 3D printable geopolymer mixes. The effects of brick waste content on the fresh properties and hardened properties of the mixes were studied. The results showed that the fresh properties of the printable mixes improved with the addition of brick waste, while the hardened properties were affected by the content of brick waste.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chunlei Zhou et al.
Summary: Due to the significant contribution of the cement industry to carbon emissions in China, it has been announced that it will be included in China's national emission trading system. However, the current methods for carbon accounting in cement production require high-resolution data, making it a cumbersome and costly process. This study explores the use of machine learning algorithms to develop electricity-carbon models, which estimate carbon emissions based solely on electricity data, enabling faster and more cost-effective accounting.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Celina Ziejewska et al.
Summary: To reduce global demand for cement, protect the environment, and combat climate change, research into developing sustainable construction materials is key. This study used waste glass to produce foamed geopolymers and determined the optimal particle size and amount of waste glass to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of the composites. By incorporating 20-30% of waste glass with a particle size range of 0.1-1200 μm and a mean diameter of 550 μm, the compressive strength of the material was increased by approximately 80%.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xinyu Li et al.
Summary: Recently, the issue of large-scale accumulation and pollution of solid waste has become a significant environmental and economic problem. This study successfully produced self-ignition coal gangue-based alkali-activated foams using a fast microwave foaming method. The impact of alkali concentration on the foam's pore structure, porosity, mechanical, and thermal properties was investigated. The alkali-activated foams obtained through fast microwave foaming exhibited low bulk density, high total porosity, acceptable compressive strength, low thermal conductivity, and excellent high-temperature performance.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniela Gier Della Rocca et al.
Summary: The demand for sustainable and low-cost materials for wastewater treatment is increasing considerably. Geopolymers produced from magnetic mining waste incorporating phosphate waste rocks showed promising potential for catalytic wastewater treatment. The materials exhibited good mechanical properties, adsorbent or catalytic abilities, and remained stable throughout multiple cycles of reuse.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hancheng Dan et al.
Summary: Geopolymer technology is advantageous in stabilizing recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) for road construction materials. This study combines molecular dynamics simulations and experimental characterization to investigate the properties of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in geopolymer-stabilized RAP. The findings suggest that aging asphalt molecules on the RAP surface have an affinity for Na+ present in geopolymers, leading to interfacial interactions. The simulation results were verified by SEM-EDS analysis, indicating the growth of C(N)-A-S-H at the interface and strong affinity and external chemical bonding.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ong Shee-Ween et al.
Summary: The pressed geopolymer has higher bulk density, better strength development and durability, lower energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions compared to the cast geopolymer, making it more environmentally friendly.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shu Yan et al.
Summary: A facile synthesis method was provided to enrich the porosity and high-temperature performance of geopolymer by using foamed fly ash/slag-based cenosphere/geopolymer composite, and the in-situ formation of porous ceramic via heat treatment. The synergistic effects of H2O2 and fly ash cenospheres (FACs) on phase evolution, pore distribution, and properties were investigated. The results showed that the foamed samples with amorphous structure could be synthesized at room temperature and fully crystallized to porous ceramics containing mullite and leucite after treatment above 1000 degrees C.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Huseyin Ilcan et al.
Summary: The main goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of incorporating industrial waste into CDW-based geopolymer mixtures. Various tests were performed to assess the engineering performances of the mixtures, and a life cycle assessment analysis was conducted to evaluate the environmental impact. The results showed that using industrial waste precursors can improve the flowability and compressive strength of the geopolymer mixture without significantly increasing the environmental burden.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ningning Mao et al.
Summary: The effects of water on the structure and mechanical properties of a coal gangue-based geopolymer were studied using experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The chemical composition and crystalline phases were analyzed, and the mechanical properties were tested. A molecular model with different H2O/Al ratios was established, and simulations were performed. The results show that the increase in H2O/Al ratio leads to a decrease in energy and temperature stability time, as well as changes in various structural parameters and mechanical properties.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lufan Li et al.
Summary: Cement production contributes to CO2 emissions, but solid wastes can replace cement clinker to produce composite cements with lower carbon footprints. However, existing life cycle assessment (LCA) studies often overlook the environmental burden from upstream processes and strength degradation after replacing cement. This study comprehensively compares the environmental performance of different composite cements through LCA, and recommends ternary composite cement and a calcination temperature of 600℃ as the optimal choices.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Luyao Wang et al.
Summary: Recent advancements in the coal industry have led to the development of intelligent visual coal-gangue sorting, which combines deep learning and machine vision to improve the accuracy of coal-gangue detection. In this paper, a coal-gangue detection model driven by data optimization for multi-target detection tasks is proposed, along with a multi-object coal-gangue image synthesis model called BSP. The proposed model improves detection accuracy by 7% compared to the original SSD model and achieves almost two times faster detection with higher accuracy compared to the structure-optimized object detection model.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xingguo Feng et al.
Summary: The aim of this study was to produce high-strength geopolymers using an ambient-curing method and un-calcined coal gangue (G) as an additive. The results showed that the geopolymer composed solely of ground granulated blast furnace slag (S) exhibited the highest strength, while the strength dramatically decreased with an increase in the content of G in the S-G binary geopolymers. In the ternary S-A-G geopolymers, the strength was not significantly affected by the content of G until it exceeded 17%, and decreased as the G content exceeded 22%. Suitable content of G resulted in the formation of aluminosilicate gel in the ternary geopolymers, and the compressive strength of the ambient-curing ternary geopolymers reached approximately 65 MPa at 28 days.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kinga Korniejenko et al.
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the fracture behavior of geopolymer composites based on fly ash or metakaolin with different types of fiber reinforcement at three different temperatures. The results showed that the addition of fibers significantly improved the bending strength of all composites, but there was a significant decrease in bending strength at 50 degrees C. Unexpectedly, the test at low temperature showed an increase in bending strength.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mateusz Sitarz et al.
Summary: This study investigates the high temperature performance of geopolymer foams prepared from thermally activated coal gangue. The foams exhibit stable mechanical performance up to 600°C and demonstrate sintering and increased strength at higher temperatures. Mullite formation is observed at 1000°C, explaining the observed strength increase. The research shows that geopolymer foams from coal gangue can be used as a thermal barrier with stable insulation parameters up to 1000°C.
Article
Rahim Sadigov
TheScientificWorldJOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Celina Ziejewska et al.
Summary: In recent years, there has been dynamic development in 3D concrete printing technology. This study introduces concrete-geopolymer hybrids produced with 3D printing technology, which are dedicated to environmentally friendly building construction. The research shows that these hybrids have lower content of hazardous compounds compared to standard concrete, and they exhibit improved fire resistance.
Article
Crystallography
Adrienn Boros et al.
Summary: Due to increasingly strict environmental regulations and sustainable development pressures, the production of structural materials with controlled properties has become urgent. Geopolymers, with their excellent mechanical and chemical properties and energy-efficient production methods, have remarkable potential in high value-added applications. This research aims to produce metakaolin-based geopolymer foams using a combined technique, and investigate the effects of H2O2 concentration, stabilizer type and amount, and slag addition on physical properties. The developed multifunctional geopolymer foams have potential applications as thermal insulating materials and catalyst supports, due to their high strength, lightweight, low thermal conductivity, high open porosity, and specific surface area.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Junjie Zhang et al.
Summary: A novel technology based on alkali activation-crystallization strengthening was developed for the fabrication of glass ceramic foams with hierarchical pores. The effects of solid-liquid ratio and NaOH concentration on the pore structure, phase evolution and physical properties were investigated. The prepared samples exhibited high porosity, adequate compressive strength and bulk density.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. A. N. Hisham et al.
Summary: The solid-state sintering technique was used to manufacture low-cost foam glass-ceramic using ark clamshell and cullet glass waste. The composition and structure of the foam glass-ceramic were analyzed using XRD, FTIR, and FESEM. The sample with 3 wt% ACS showed the highest compressive strength and potential for use in the construction sector.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL SOLID-STATE MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jabulani Matsimbe et al.
Summary: The geopolymer concept has gained international attention as a potential alternative to ordinary Portland cement. However, before implementation in standards, clarity is needed on definitions and mix design methodologies. This review clarifies existing geopolymer definitions and methodologies, aiming to facilitate the adoption of geopolymer design standards for sustainable development.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marta Valaskova et al.
Summary: The reaction products of alkali-activated metakaolin are influenced by the composition of the initial kaolin and the conditions of alkali activation. This study analyzed the mineral chemistry and phase composition of metakaolins after alkali activation, and explored the relationship between phase composition and compressive strength. The results showed that the presence of certain phases, such as HS and TN, correlated with higher compressive strengths.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hongwei Li et al.
Summary: This study recycled fluorite tailings and waste glass to produce glass-ceramic foams by introducing calcined kaolin and calcium phosphate. The addition of calcium phosphate promoted the formation of fluorapatite, facilitating the stabilization of toxic fluorine in the glass-ceramic foams.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chong Fu et al.
Summary: Researchers proposed a new recycling strategy for waste glass by preparing lightweight and high-strength porous ceramic materials with self-cleaning properties. This method involves combining the emulsion template self-assembly method with a surface hydrophobic coating treatment technology, resulting in ceramics with ultra-high compressive strength and remarkable anti-dirt properties.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
K. Dhasindrakrishna et al.
Summary: Geopolymer foam concrete (GFC) with its porous structure offers lightweight, acoustic and thermal insulation, and fire resistance properties, which are influenced by materials, foaming methods, curing conditions, and additives. Further research is needed in understanding fresh properties, durability, and processing techniques to facilitate industrial applications and the development of 3D printable GFC.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yuanbo Du et al.
Summary: The study found that adding metakaolin increased thermal conductivity in cement paste, while adding waste glass powder and limestone filler decreased thermal conductivity. Cement paste containing metakaolin exhibited lower porosity and higher compressive and flexural strength.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Coenraad D. Westbroek et al.
Summary: Global glass production has reached 150 million tonnes in 2014, with significant energy intensity and CO2 emissions. The lack of an accurate map of the global glass supply chain necessitates the research to identify emission mitigation options. By tracing the production chain and creating a Sankey diagram, the study provides insights for future emission mitigation potential.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Noorina Hidayu Jamil et al.
Summary: The study utilized kaolin as a source of aluminosilicate materials for geopolymerization, with the addition of ground granulated blast furnace slag accelerating the process. Sintering at 900 degrees Celsius yielded the highest compressive strength in the prepared kaolin-GGBS geopolymer. The difference in X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra was associated with phases identified through X-ray diffraction analysis.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Joanna Marczyk et al.
Summary: This study presents the development of hybrid materials based on a geopolymer or ordinary Portland cement matrix for 3D concrete printing methods, with a focus on material properties and printing applications assessment. The research includes analysis of raw materials, evaluation of compressive and flexural strength, as well as the influence of liquid-to-solid ratio on geopolymers. Results show that hybrid materials based on geopolymer matrix with 5% cement addition behave similarly to non-Newtonian fluids, suitable for mold filling and precise detail printing.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kenan Zhang et al.
Summary: The study found that calcination and modification treatment improved the dispersibility and mechanical properties of coal gangue in rubber matrix. Additionally, calcination and modification were effective methods to enhance the mechanical and thermal stability of coal gangue filled rubber, with the MGA-SBR composite demonstrating the best performance.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mirko Sinico et al.
Summary: This study compares dense specimens produced from virgin and surface-modified CuCr1 powder, as well as characterizes a third sample with abnormal porosity content. High-resolution micro-CT scans reveal that the virgin CuCr1 sample has keyhole pores and pit cavities, while the surface-modified sample mainly contains small and spherical equi-distributed metallurgical defects. The presence of W contamination in the third specimen leads to lack-of-fusion pores in subsequent LPBF layers. The different porosity types are connected to the LPBF melting mode, material properties, and potential contaminants.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Sonja Smiljanic et al.
Summary: The study found that waste container glass undergoes partial crystallization during the sintering process, which can be inhibited by adding fluxing agents. This can lead to a significant decrease in thermal conductivity of the foamed glass.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Katja Traven et al.
Summary: Alkali-activated foams (AAFs) are a promising material in the construction sector due to their utilization of waste material, low formation temperatures, and competitive performance with foamed glass or ceramics. Research has shown that improving the thermal stability of fly-ash foams can be achieved by adding metakaolin and changing activators from sodium-based to potassium-based components.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dilan Polat et al.
Summary: Geopolymer foams were prepared using fine and coarse waste glass powders with an activation solution of NaOH and Na2SiO3. The effects of different factors on the expansion and temperature behavior of the slurries were investigated, as well as the compression strengths and thermal conductivities of the resulting foams. Increasing foam density led to higher compressive strength and thermal conductivity, with sintering at too high temperatures resulting in reduced foam density.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaofeng Li et al.
Summary: This study investigated the influence of particle size and thermal activation on coal gangue based geopolymers, finding that the optimal conditions are 200 mesh and 700 degrees C. Both mechanical grinding and thermal activation were found to affect the structure and properties of the coal gangue, leading to changes in the mineral composition and microstructure of the final products.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Lach et al.
Summary: The research aimed to investigate the influence of hydraulic additives on the foaming process and stability of geopolymer foams. Results showed that H₂O₂ is a better foaming agent than Al powder, and using cement as a stabilizer resulted in lower densities and better insulation parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shi Ying Kwek et al.
Summary: Malaysia, as one of the world's largest palm oil producers, is exploring sustainable alternatives for waste management through the production of green geopolymers from industrial waste. Research indicates that the use of alkali-activated POFA geopolymer is technically feasible, providing a sustainable and environmentally friendly option for POFA disposal.
Review
Polymer Science
Ayesha Siddika et al.
Summary: Every year, the world produces around 100 million tons of waste glass, most of which are going to landfills. One approach to tackle this issue is to transform waste glass into construction materials. Research shows that amorphous silica in waste glass effectively participates in the hydration and geopolymerization process in concrete, improving its microstructural and durability properties.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rui M. Novais et al.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2020)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hong Xian Li et al.
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(2020)
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(2020)
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Changsen Zhang et al.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
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Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
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JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2020)
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