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Review
Infectious Diseases
Niklas Bobrovitz et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the magnitude and duration of protective effectiveness of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against infection and severe disease caused by the omicron variant. The results showed that previous infection provides short-term protection, while hybrid immunity has high and sustained protection against hospital admission or severe disease. These findings are important for determining the timing of vaccination and booster doses.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia T. Tan et al.
Summary: The study found that both vaccine-derived and naturally acquired immunity can reduce the infectiousness of individuals with Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infections in a prison setting. Vaccinated individuals, especially those who received booster doses and were recently vaccinated, have lower infectiousness.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Natsuko Imai et al.
Summary: The UK's strategy of delaying the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine by 12 weeks and providing single-dose protection to a larger population has been effective in reducing hospitalizations and deaths.
LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tommy Nyberg et al.
Summary: A retrospective cohort study in England found that the AY.4.2 sublineage of the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant has similar or lower risks of hospitalization and mortality compared to other delta sublineages.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher J. L. Murray
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalie Dean
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Roby P. Bhattacharyya et al.
Summary: While Omicron's spread in South Africa has resulted in fewer hospitalizations and deaths per documented case compared to previous waves, caution should be exercised when making inferences about Omicron's intrinsic severity using population-level observations.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Anshumali Mittal et al.
Summary: This review focuses on the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, the structural basis for antibody-mediated neutralization, and the identification of escape mutations for designing escape-resistant antibody therapeutics and vaccines.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Katherine A. Twohig et al.
Summary: A study in England found that patients with COVID-19 infected with the delta variant were more likely to be admitted to hospital or attend emergency care compared to those infected with the alpha variant. This suggests that outbreaks of the delta variant in unvaccinated populations may pose a greater burden on healthcare services.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tommy Nyberg et al.
Summary: The Omicron variant shows lower severity compared to Delta, especially in terms of hospital admission and death, with significant variations by age. Unvaccinated cases experience a larger reduction in intrinsic severity, while vaccinated cases experience reduced vaccine effectiveness. Booster vaccination with mRNA vaccines provides over 70% protection against hospitalization and death in breakthrough Omicron infections.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Brizzi et al.
Summary: Analysis of individual-level patient records from Brazil reveals that COVID-19 mortality rates are significantly influenced by pre-pandemic geographic inequities and healthcare capacity during the pandemic. The study also documents the temporary shocks in hospital fatality rates following the spread of the Gamma variant in 14 state capitals, where more than half of hospitalized patients aged 70 years and older died. The fluctuations in Brazil's COVID-19 in-hospital fatality rates were primarily associated with geographic inequities and shortages in healthcare capacity. Approximately half of the COVID-19 deaths in hospitals in the 14 cities could have been avoided without pre-pandemic geographic inequities and healthcare pressure. Investments in healthcare resources, healthcare optimization, and pandemic preparedness are critical to minimize the impact of highly transmissible and deadly pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan-Yu Lin et al.
Summary: The study shows that COVID-19 vaccination and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and death. While vaccination can lower the risk of infection, the protection wanes over time.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
[Anonymous]
LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. Florensa et al.
Summary: The new SARS-CoV-2 variant may pose challenges in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, with the Alpha variant period associated with higher severity and a greater risk of ICU admission and death compared to the Delta variant period. The Alpha variant affected older individuals and those with lower vaccination rates, and was also significantly associated with fever, cough, and vomiting compared to the Delta variant.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeffrey D. Sachs et al.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Fan et al.
Summary: Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has emerged as the most mutated and concerning variant. It has shown high transmissibility and immune evasion abilities, rapidly replacing the Delta variant in several regions. However, recent studies suggest that Omicron has reduced pathogenicity and significant resistance to vaccines and antibody therapies. This review summarizes the molecular and clinical characteristics of Omicron, discusses potential therapeutic approaches, and highlights strategies for ending the pandemic.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Pablo N. Perez-Guzman et al.
Summary: Ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected by COVID-19, with factors such as severe hypoxemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, severe renal impairment, and low albumin being associated with death. Black patients have an increased odds of death compared to whites, even after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities. Further research is needed to explore the biological drivers of differences in COVID-19 outcomes by ethnicity.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raphael Sonabend et al.
Summary: The study assessed the UK Government's four-step process to easing lockdown restrictions in England, taking into account the impact of the Delta variant and other factors. The findings suggest that the risk of a large wave of COVID-19 hospital admissions resulting from lifting NPIs can be mitigated but there is substantial uncertainty in the epidemic trajectory due to the emergence of the Delta variant.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elizabeth Bast et al.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lixin Lin et al.
Summary: Studies have shown that Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 have increased severity in terms of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality compared to the wild-type virus, with Beta and Delta variants posing higher risks.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erik Volz et al.
Summary: Genetic and testing data from England indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 has a transmission advantage over other lineages, showing a rapid expansion during autumn 2020. Analysis of S gene target failures (SGTF) in community-based diagnostic PCR testing suggests that B.1.1.7 is more transmissible than non-variant of concern lineages and has a significant transmission advantage, with a reproduction number 50% to 100% higher. Additionally, cases of B.1.1.7 appear to include a larger share of under 20-year-olds compared to non-variant cases.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Annemarie Docherty et al.
Summary: The reduction in in-hospital mortality of COVID-19 patients during the first wave in the UK was partially attributed to changes in case-mix and illness severity, as well as changes in respiratory support and steroid treatment. Unexplained improvement in in-hospital mortality could be associated with changes in community behavior, inoculum dose, and hospital capacity strain.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Edward S. Knock et al.
Summary: The study found that national lockdown was a key measure in reducing the transmission rate of SARS-CoV-2. The infection fatality ratio decreased, but was significantly higher in elderly residents in care homes. England is still far from herd immunity, emphasizing the need for high coverage and protection in vaccination campaigns to prevent a resurgence of transmission.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John H. Beigel et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seth Flaxman et al.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Akira Endo et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marc Baguelin et al.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Anne Cori et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Immunology
Marc Baguelin et al.
Article
Immunology
Marc Baguelin et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joeel Mossong et al.
Review
Microbiology
A Moya et al.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2004)
