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Precision epigenetics provides a scalable pathway for improving coronary heart disease care globally

EPIGENOMICS (2023)

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Article Biology

Evaluation of Epigenetic Age Acceleration Scores and Their Associations with CVD-Related Phenotypes in a Population Cohort

Olga Chervova et al.

Summary: In this study, a subset of an ageing population cohort in Eastern Europe was followed up for 15 years. Epigenetic age acceleration scores were calculated using blood DNA methylation data, and their associations with phenotypic data were evaluated. Strong associations were observed between all epigenetic age acceleration scores and sex, indicating that sex adjustment is necessary in further analyses. Even after adjusting for sex, the associations between the scores and phenotypes remained sex-specific. The results suggest that these scores have prognostic potential for cardiometabolic disorders.

BIOLOGY-BASEL (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Foundation models for generalist medical artificial intelligence

Michael Moor et al.

NATURE (2023)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Epigenetics as a mediator of plasticity in cancer

Andrew P. Feinberg et al.

Summary: This review discusses modern approaches to epigenetic and gene regulation landscapes and their relevance to cancer etiology and the plasticity of cancerous states. The interplay between different types of regulatory landscapes and their changes in cancer progression are addressed. Cellular aging and intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli play important roles in modulating cellular states. Quantitatively mapping landscape alterations onto phenotypic outcomes can be used in therapy development.

SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

The Reversion of the Epigenetic Signature of Coronary Heart Disease in Response to Smoking Cessation

Robert Philibert et al.

Summary: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of death worldwide, but current diagnostic tools like coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) aren't suitable for monitoring treatment response. We recently introduced an artificial intelligence-guided genetic-epigenetic test for CHD, which involves six assays to determine DNA methylation in CHD-related pathways. In a study on 39 subjects undergoing a 90-day smoking cessation intervention, we found that changes in DNA methylation related to smoking intensity were associated with the recovery of CHD-related methylation markers. Methylation-based approaches could be a scalable method for assessing the effectiveness of CHD interventions, and further research on the response of these epigenetic measures to other forms of CHD treatment is needed.

GENES (2023)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Machine Learning Approach on High Risk Treadmill Exercise Test to Predict Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease by using P, QRS, and T waves' Features

Abdurrahim Yilmaz et al.

Summary: Machine learning models can optimize the performance of Treadmill Exercise Test (TET) by analyzing ECG wave characteristics and signals, reducing unnecessary invasive Coronary Angiography (CAG). In a study involving 294 patients who underwent CAG following high risk TET, the performance of 5 machine learning algorithms surpassed that of cardiologists. The XGBoost model achieved the highest accuracy and area under the curve (AUC).

CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY (2023)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Epigenetic Regulation of F2RL3 Associates With Myocardial Infarction and Platelet Function

Laura J. Corbin et al.

Summary: Epigenetic DNA hypomethylation at the F2RL3 gene induced by smoking may increase PAR4 expression, leading to downstream effects on platelet reactivity. F2RL3 DNA methylation may be a possible contributory pathway from smoking to cardiovascular disease risk.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Editorial Material Endocrinology & Metabolism

Capillary Ketone Concentrations at the Time of Colonoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study With Implications for SGLT2 Inhibitor-Treated Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2021;44:e124-e126 COMMENT

Peter S. Hamblin et al.

DIABETES CARE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Performance characteristics of the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) assay for BCR::ABL1 monitoring in chronic myelogenous leukemia

Dawne N. Shelton et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the clinical performance of a droplet digital PCR-based assay for BCR::ABL1 quantification and compared it to an existing FDA-cleared test. The results demonstrated that the assay is accurate, precise, and sensitive, making it suitable for the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).

PLOS ONE (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Evaluating the Association Between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Reduction and Relative and Absolute Effects of Statin Treatment A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Paula Byrne et al.

Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between absolute reductions in LDL-C levels with treatment with statins and all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The results showed that the absolute risk reductions of treatment with statins in terms of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke are modest compared with the relative risk reductions, and the presence of significant heterogeneity reduces the certainty of the evidence.

JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

F2RL3 Methylation in the Peripheral Blood as a Potential Marker for the Detection of Coronary Heart Disease: A Case-Control Study

Xiaojing Zhao et al.

Summary: The study evaluated the association between blood-based F2RL3 methylation and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Chinese population. Hypomethylation in F2RL3_A amplicon was significantly associated with CHD, especially in elderly patients, myocardial infarction patients, heart failure patients, and patients with minor to medium cardiac function impairment. The combination of F2RL3 methylation levels showed potential as a biomarker for CHD, especially for older individuals or those with a history of myocardial infarction.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2022)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Pathophysiologic Basis and Diagnostic Approaches for Ischemia With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries: A Literature Review

Bingqi Fu et al.

Summary: Ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) has become a topic of interest due to its high prevalence, atypical clinical presentations, challenging diagnostic procedures, and poor prognosis. There are different types of INOCA, including coronary microvascular dysfunction and vasospastic angina. The diagnosis of INOCA involves evaluating coronary flow reserve, microcirculatory resistance, and vasoreactivity, which can be obtained through invasive and non-invasive techniques.

FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Oncology

Identification of DNA methylation-regulated genes as potential biomarkers for coronary heart disease via machine learning in the Framingham Heart Study

Xiaokang Zhang et al.

Summary: By using machine learning, we have identified five DNA methylation-regulated genes that may reveal new epigenetic mechanisms for coronary heart disease.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Global, regional, and national burden of ischaemic heart disease and its attributable risk factors, 1990-2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Haijiang Dai et al.

Summary: This study aimed to estimate the burden and risk factors for ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. The results showed that IHD remains a major public health challenge worldwide, with variations in burden and temporal trends across different geographical locations. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, high blood sugar, smoking, and obesity were identified as the main risk factors for IHD deaths.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Comparison of radiation dose and its correlates between coronary computed tomography angiography and invasive coronary angiography in Northeastern Thailand

Phatraporn Aupongkaroon et al.

Summary: This study investigates the radiation exposure of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and invasive catheter angiography (ICA) in patients and finds that CCTA results in a significantly lower radiation dose. Over time, the radiation dose from CCTA has been consistently reduced.

EGYPTIAN HEART JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The ISCHEMIA Trial: What is the Message for the Interventionalist?

Emmanuel Ako et al.

EUROPEAN CARDIOLOGY REVIEW (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The relationship of smoking to cg05575921 methylation in blood and saliva DNA samples from several studies

Kelsey Dawes et al.

Summary: Research indicates that cg05575921 methylation decreases in response to increasing cigarette consumption, showing a dose-dependent decrease. The ROC AUC for predicting daily smoking status using cg05575921 methylation in whole blood DNA was 0.98, and in saliva DNA it was 0.91 with correction for cellular heterogeneity improving the AUC to 0.94.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Review Oncology

DNA methylation signatures of incident coronary heart disease: findings from epigenome-wide association studies

Yujing Xia et al.

Summary: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major global cause of mortality. Recent studies have identified DNA methylation signatures associated with CHD development, suggesting their potential use in predicting future CHD events. New mechanisms involved in CHD progression have been uncovered through DNA methylation studies.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2021)

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Article Oncology

DNA methylation biomarkers of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular disease

Alba Fernandez-Sanles et al.

Summary: A study identified 34 CpGs related to acute myocardial infarction, with four of them also associated with incident coronary and cardiovascular disease. However, these loci did not provide additional predictive information.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Epigenetic age acceleration is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and clinical cardiovascular disease risk scores in African Americans

Farah Ammous et al.

Summary: The study showed that epigenetic age acceleration measures are associated with traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in African American individuals, with GrimAge being linked to CVD incidence and providing a slight improvement in predicting CVD events compared to clinical risk scores.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2021)

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Article Biology

Epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and coronary heart disease: a nested case-control study

Jiahui Si et al.

Summary: This study conducted the first prospective epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in relation to incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in the Asian population, identifying novel blood methylation alterations associated with CHD and providing evidence of the role of epigenetic regulations in smoking- and blood pressure-related pathways to CHD risk.

ELIFE (2021)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Blood DNA Methylation and Incident Coronary Heart Disease Evidence From the Strong Heart Study

Ana Navas-Acien et al.

Summary: This multi-cohort study found that blood-based DNAm findings supported an association between a complex blood epigenomic signature and CHD that varied significantly across populations.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2021)

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Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

The ISCHEMIA Trial Meets the Rashomon Effect Lessons for Clinical Practice

Brahmajee K. Nallamothu

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Automated Identification and Extraction of Exercise Treadmill Test Results

Chengyi Zheng et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2020)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Initial Invasive or Conservative Strategy for Stable Coronary Disease

David J. Maron et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

An EAPCI Expert Consensus Document on Ischaemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries in Collaboration with European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology & Microcirculation Endorsed by Coronary Vasomotor Disorders International Study Group

Vijay Kunadian et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Differential methylation pattern in patients with coronary artery disease: pilot study

Shyamashree Banerjee et al.

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS (2019)

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Article Oncology

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 promoter methylation and peripheral pain sensitivity in Crohn's disease

Sara Gombert et al.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2019)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Guidelines in review: Comparison of ESC and ACC/AHA guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with stable coronary artery disease

Jubin Joseph et al.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Percutaneous coronary intervention in stable angina (ORBITA): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial

Rasha Al-Lamee et al.

LANCET (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Integrated genetic and epigenetic prediction of coronary heart disease in the Framingham Heart Study

Meeshanthini V. Dogan et al.

PLOS ONE (2018)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of Methylation Signals With Incident Coronary Heart Disease in an Epigenome-Wide Assessment of Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor α

Stella Aslibekyan et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2018)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (INOCA): What Is the Risk?

Romana Herscovici et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION (2018)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Pivotal trial of an autonomous AI-based diagnostic system for detection of diabetic retinopathy in primary care offices

Michael D. Abramoff et al.

NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Epigenetic Patterns in Blood Associated With Lipid Traits Predict Incident Coronary Heart Disease Events and Are Enriched for Results From Genome-Wide Association Studies

Asa K. Hedman et al.

CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS (2017)

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Article Oncology

Epigenome-wide association of myocardial infarction with DNA methylation sites at loci related to cardiovascular disease

Masahiro Nakatochi et al.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Identification of differentially methylated BRCA1 and CRISP2 DNA regions as blood surrogate markers for cardiovascular disease

Geoffrey Istas et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2017)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Current Risk of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Coronary Angiography and Intervention: A Reappraisal of the Literature

Lorenzo Azzalini et al.

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2017)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association between DNA methylation and coronary heart disease or other atherosclerotic events: A systematic review

Alba Fernandez-Sanles et al.

ATHEROSCLEROSIS (2017)

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Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Application of exercise ECG stress test in the current high cost modern-era healthcare system

Gaurang Nandkishor Vaidya

INDIAN HEART JOURNAL (2017)

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Article Environmental Sciences

Smoking-Associated DNA Methylation Biomarkers and Their Predictive Value for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality

Yan Zhang et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES (2016)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Reference-free deconvolution of DNA methylation data and mediation by cell composition effects

E. Andres Houseman et al.

BMC BIOINFORMATICS (2016)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Origin of the hematopoietic system in the human embryo

Emmanuelle Julien et al.

FEBS LETTERS (2016)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Critical evaluation of the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip microarray for whole-genome DNA methylation profiling

Ruth Pidsley et al.

GENOME BIOLOGY (2016)

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Article Oncology

A varying T cell subtype explains apparent tobacco smoking induced single CpG hypomethylation in whole blood

Mario Bauer et al.

CLINICAL EPIGENETICS (2015)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Smoke-related DNA methylation changes in the etiology of human disease

Welisane Besingi et al.

HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS (2014)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Normal Coronary Rates for Elective Angiography in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Insights From the VA CART Program (Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment Reporting and Tracking)

Steven M. Bradley et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2014)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Mortality from ischaemic heart disease by country, region, and age: Statistics from World Health Organisation and United Nations

Judith A. Finegold et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Tobacco Smoking Leads to Extensive Genome-Wide Changes in DNA Methylation

Sonja Zeilinger et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Coordinated changes in AHRR methylation in lymphoblasts and pulmonary macrophages from smokers

Martha M. Monick et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS (2012)

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Review Hematology

The embryonic origins of erythropoiesis in mammals

Margaret H. Baron et al.

BLOOD (2012)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Stable angina pectoris with no obstructive coronary artery disease is associated with increased risks of major adverse cardiovascular events

Lasse Jespersen et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2012)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

2012 ACCF/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease

Stephan D. Fihn et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2012)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2010

DIABETES CARE (2010)

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MAOA methylation is associated with nicotine and alcohol dependence in women

Robert A. Philibert et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS (2008)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The future impact of population growth and aging on coronary heart disease in China: projections from the Coronary Heart Disease Policy Model-China

Andrew Moran et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2008)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Optimal medical therapy with or without percutaneous coronary intervention to reduce ischemic burden - Results from the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial nuclear substudy

Leslee J. Shaw et al.

CIRCULATION (2008)

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Article Genetics & Heredity

Serotonin transporter mRNA levels are associated with the methylation of an upstream CpG island

Robert Philibert et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS (2007)

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Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Framingham risk score and prediction of lifetime risk for coronary heart disease

DM Lloyd-Jones et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY (2004)

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