Toxicity analysis of endocrine disrupting pesticides on non-target organisms: A critical analysis on toxicity mechanisms

Endocrine disrupting compounds are the chemicals which mimics the natural endocrine hormones and bind to the receptors made for the hormones. Upon binding they activate the cascade of reaction which leads to permanent activating of the signalling cycle and ultimately leads to uncontrolled growth. Pesticides are one of the endocrine disrupting chemicals which cause cancer, congenital birth defects, and reproductive defects in nontarget organisms. Non-target organisms are keen on exposing to these pesticides. Although several studies have reported about the pesticide toxicity. But a critical analysis of pesticide toxicity and its role as endocrine disruptor is lacking. Therefore, the presented review literature is an endeavour to understand the role of the pesticides as endocrine disruptors. In addition, it discusses about the endocrine disruption, neurological disruption, genotoxicity, and ROS induced pesticide toxicity. Moreover, biochemical mechanisms of pesticide toxicity on non-target organisms have been presented. An insight on the chlorpyrifos toxicity on non-target organisms along with species names have been presented.

Automated summary

Endocrine disrupting compounds mimic natural hormones and activate signaling cycles, leading to uncontrolled growth. Pesticides are endocrine disruptors that cause cancer, birth defects, and reproductive defects in non-target organisms. However, there is a lack of critical analysis on pesticide toxicity and its role as an endocrine disruptor. This review aims to understand the role of pesticides as endocrine disruptors and discusses their effects on non-target organisms, including neurological disruption, genotoxicity, and ROS-induced toxicity.