Corrosion of iron-nickel-chromium alloys in high temperature carbonate salt under argon atmosphere

Next generation concentrated solar thermal power can produce receiver temperatures up to 800 degrees C, however current solar salt based thermal storage is limited to 560 degrees C. Eutectic salt mixtures with high melting temper-atures are potential latent heat energy storage media, and store heat in a solid-liquid phase change. This approach reduces the amount of material required, and therefore physical size of the storage system. This work investigates the compatibility of a binary eutectic mixture of 52.81 wt% K2CO3 and 47.19 wt% Na2CO3 salt with three high temperature alloys (316L, 347H and 800H) was assessed at the maximum proposed temperature of 750 degrees C under high purity argon cover gas.This salt proved to be very aggressive to the alloys tested, with corrosion rates determined to be approximately 1 mm/year for the 316L and 800H alloys, and up to 10 mm/year for 347H. The corrosion product was found to consist of sodium chromite (NaCrO2) and iron and nickel oxides. After testing niobium was detected in the so-lidified salt in greater amounts than in the corrosion product, indicating that the niobium corrosion product was soluble in the salt. Additionally, the 800H experienced significant grain boundary oxidation, throughout the test sample.A corrosion mechanism is proposed, based on chemical thermodynamics, which suggests that the salt will dissociate when in contact with metal at a lower temperature than previously determined. Likely corrosion re-actions are discussed, and the higher corrosion rate for the niobium containing 347H was attributed to an oxygen producing reaction, which accelerates the attack on the metal.

Automated summary

Next generation concentrated solar thermal power can achieve receiver temperatures up to 800 degrees C. However, current solar salt based thermal storage is limited to 560 degrees C. Eutectic salt mixtures were investigated as potential latent heat energy storage media, and showed a smaller physical size of the storage system. The compatibility of a binary eutectic mixture of K2CO3 and Na2CO3 salt with three high temperature alloys was assessed, and the salt was found to be highly corrosive to the alloys.