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Nanoplatelet Superlattices by Tin-Induced Transformation of FAPbI3 Nanocrystals

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WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304920

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nanoplatelets; perovskite; phase transformation; Ruddlesden-Popper; superlattice

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The transition from 3D to 2D lead halide perovskites can be achieved by cationic substitution, resulting in a 2D superlattice-like structure. The phase transition occurs when the Sn/Pb ratio is equal to or greater than 0.011, forming a superlattice structure with organic bilayers and inorganic blocks. Additionally, high photoluminescence quantum yield can be obtained after surface passivation.
The transition from 3D to 2D lead halide perovskites is traditionally led by the lattice incorporation of bulky organic cations. However, the transformation into a coveted 2D superlattice-like structure by cationic substitution at the Pb2+ site of 3D perovskite is unfamiliar. It is demonstrated that the gradual increment of [Sn2+] alters the FASn(x)Pb(1-x)I(3) nanocrystals into the Ruddlesden-Popper-like nanoplatelets (NPLs), with surface-absorbed oleic acid (OA) and oleylamine (OAm) spacer ligand at 80 degrees C (FA(+): formamidinium cation). These NPLs are stacked either by a perfect alignment to form the superlattice or by offsetting the NPL edges because of their lateral displacements. The phase transition occurs from the Sn/Pb ratio >= 0.011, with 0.64 wt% of Sn2+ species. At and above Sn/Pb = 0.022, the NPL superlattice stacks start to grow along [00l] with a repeating length of 4.37(3) nm, comprising the organic bilayer and the inorganic block having two octahedral layers (n = 2). Besides, a photoluminescence quantum yield of 98.4% is obtained with Sn/Pb = 0.011 (n >= 4), after surface passivation by trioctylphosphine (TOP).

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