A Scoping Review of the Validity and Reliability of Smartphone Accelerometers When Collecting Kinematic Gait Data

Article Neurosciences

Smartphone-based gait and balance accelerometry is sensitive to age and correlates with clinical and kinematic data

Sharon Olsen et al.

Summary: The G&B App has been tested in older adults and found to be sensitive to age-related differences in balance. It provides valid and reliable measures of gait and balance, but has poor validity and reliability in certain aspects.

GAIT & POSTURE (2023)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

A scoping review on recent trends in wearable sensors to analyze gait in people with stroke: From sensor placement to validation against gold-standard equipment

Jaison Jacob Mathunny et al.

Summary: The review evaluates the placement, impact, and validation of wearable sensors on analyzing gait, specifically postural instability in stroke patients. Through searching databases, a total of 142 articles were selected and classified into different functional fields. The review covers the types of wearable sensors, their placement, and their reliability and validity performance. By comparing the results of sensors placed at different locations, researchers and clinicians can identify the best possible placement for measuring specific kinematic and kinetic parameters in stroke patients.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Accelerometers in Our Pocket: Does Smartphone Accelerometer Technology Provide Accurate Data?

George Grouios et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the performance of accelerometer in three new state of the art smartphones, focusing on accuracy. The study investigates whether the accuracy of modern smartphone accelerometers differs from that of a gold-standard reference system. Results show that the tested smartphone accelerometers are valid and reliable for estimating accelerations, and there were no significant differences between the three smartphones and the Vicon MX motion capture system in terms of mean acceleration data. This study bridges a significant information gap and provides insights into the accuracy of accelerometers in actual smartphone research.

SENSORS (2023)

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Article Biophysics

Evaluation of a smartphone accelerometer system for measuring nonlinear dynamics during treadmill walking: Concurrent validity and test-retest reliability

Vincenzo E. Di Bacco et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS (2023)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Technological Solutions for Human Movement Analysis in Obese Subjects: A Systematic Review

Riccardo Monfrini et al.

Summary: Obesity significantly impacts the musculoskeletal systems and hinders movement abilities in individuals. It is vital to monitor the activity levels, functional limitations, and overall risks related to specific motor tasks in obese subjects. This systematic review identified and summarized the main technologies used to analyze movements in scientific studies involving obese subjects, including marker-based optoelectronic stereophotogrammetric systems and wearable technologies based on magneto-inertial measurement units (MIMUs). However, further research is needed to address the limitations and reliability issues associated with these approaches, such as soft tissue artifacts and crosstalk. In this context, medical imaging techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and biplane radiography should be utilized to enhance the accuracy of biomechanical evaluations in obese individuals and validate less-invasive methods.

SENSORS (2023)

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Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

The mysterious case of the disappearing pilot study: a review of publication bias in preliminary behavioral interventions presented at health behavior conferences

Lauren von Klinggraeff et al.

Summary: The study aimed to identify characteristics associated with publication of preliminary studies on behavioral interventions presented at conferences. The findings showed that half of the preliminary studies presented at conferences go unpublished, but published preliminary studies are not systematically different from unpublished ones. This lack of publication inhibits our ability to learn from the progression of preliminary studies.

PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES (2023)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN GAIT PARAMETERS OF HEALTHY ADULT INDIVIDUALS

Sinem Suner-Keklik et al.

Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in gait parameters between males and females. Forty-four females and thirty-nine males were included in the study, and their spatiotemporal parameters and pelvic kinematics were assessed using the BTS G-Walk system. The results showed that males and females had similarities in speed, stride length, and % stride length, but differences were found in gait cycle duration, swing phase, single support phase, stance phase, first double support phase, and cadence. In terms of pelvic kinematics, similarities were found in rotation total range, gait cycle, pelvic tilt, obliquity, and rotation symmetry index, but differences were found in pelvic tilt total range and obliquity total range.

JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES (2023)

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Article Neurosciences

Words matter: instructions dictate self-selected walking speed in young adults

Sarah A. Brinkerhoff et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of different instructions on gait speed variability and found that instructions have a significant impact on variability. This finding highlights the importance of consistency when delivering walking instructions.

GAIT & POSTURE (2022)

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Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

A novel smartphone application is reliable for repeat administration and comparable to the Tekscan Strideway for spatiotemporal gait

Marie Kelly et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of measuring gait using the Gait Analyzer and Tekscan Strideway devices, and found that both devices have good reliability for calculating velocity and cadence.

MEASUREMENT (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Validity and Reliability of a Smartphone App for Gait and Balance Assessment

Usman Rashid et al.

Summary: The study investigated the validity and reliability of a smartphone-based application to measure postural stability and spatiotemporal aspects of gait. The results showed that the app had moderate to excellent validity and reliability in measuring postural stability and gait parameters, making it useful in clinical practice for detecting gait and balance impairments.

SENSORS (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

Smartphone-based inertial sensors technology - Validation of a new application to measure spatiotemporal gait metrics

Shirley Shema-Shiratzky et al.

Summary: This study aimed to determine the concurrent validity of gait parameters obtained using smartphone technology and application. The results showed that there was a strong correlation and agreement between the smartphone and traditional methods in assessing gait parameters. This indicates that smartphones can be considered as a valid tool for gait analysis in patients with musculoskeletal pathologies.

GAIT & POSTURE (2022)

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Review Rehabilitation

Smartphone-based gait and balance assessment in survivors of stroke: a systematic review

Joseph Peters et al.

Summary: Based on a review of seven cross-sectional studies, it was found that smartphone applications for assessing gait and balance disorders in survivors of stroke are valid, reliable, specific, and sensitive.

DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION-ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Criterion Validity of Linear Accelerations Measured with Low-Sampling-Frequency Accelerometers during Overground Walking in Elderly Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Arash Ghaffari et al.

Summary: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of low-sampling-frequency accelerometers in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The results showed that the low-sampling-frequency accelerometers provided valid and reliable data for measuring gait accelerations in these patients and could be used for remote patient monitoring in the future.

SENSORS (2022)

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Article Orthopedics

The validity and reliability of the OneStep smartphone application under various gait conditions in healthy adults with feasibility in clinical practice

Jesse C. Christensen et al.

Summary: The objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the OneStep smartphone application in healthy adults, as well as the feasibility of measuring gait dysfunction in patients following total hip or knee arthroplasty. The results showed that the application has good reliability and validity in healthy adults, and can be used to evaluate the improvement of gait dysfunction in postoperative patients.

JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Best practice guidance and reporting items for the development of scoping review protocols

Micah D. J. Peters et al.

Summary: This article aims to provide detailed guidance on developing a robust scoping review protocol and highlights the importance and definition of scoping reviews. Through outlining the methods and conclusions, the authors hope that readers will understand and implement the process of developing a scoping review protocol.

JBI EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS (2022)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Three-Day Remote Monitoring of Gait Among Young and Older Adults Using Participants' Personal Smartphones

Vipul Lugade et al.

Summary: This study investigated the feasibility and validity of remotely assessing gait using participant smartphones in real-life environments. The results showed that smartphone-derived gait parameters were valid and could differentiate between different age groups, as well as detect age-related differences in walking performance over a 3-day assessment.

JOURNAL OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Gait Analysis Using Accelerometry Data from a Single Smartphone: Agreement and Consistency between a Smartphone Application and Gold-Standard Gait Analysis System

Roy T. Shahar et al.

Summary: The study found that placing a smartphone in a front pocket for gait analysis is a reliable method that can effectively measure spatio-temporal parameters of healthy adults' gait. Most parameters showed good to excellent agreement and consistency, with some exceptions for parameters related to the left leg.

SENSORS (2021)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Simple Smartphone-Based Assessment of Gait Characteristics in Parkinson Disease: Validation Study

Dongning Su et al.

Summary: The study validated the effectiveness of using smartphones for gait assessment in individuals with Parkinson's disease, finding that gait parameters were associated with disease severity and functional outcomes.

JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH (2021)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

Matthew J. Page et al.

Summary: The PRISMA statement was designed to help systematic reviewers transparently report the purpose, methods, and findings of their reviews. The updated PRISMA 2020 statement includes new reporting guidance, a 27-item checklist, an abstract checklist, and revised flow diagrams for reviews.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Clinical Neurology

Validation of quantitative gait analysis systems for Parkinson's disease for use in supervised and unsupervised environments

Sara Alberto et al.

Summary: The developed movement analysis solutions show excellent agreement with the optoelectronic criterion in Parkinson's disease patients, distinguishing between patients and healthy controls, as well as between patients in different medication states.

BMC NEUROLOGY (2021)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Gait and Balance Assessments using Smartphone Applications in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review

Libak Abou et al.

Summary: This review summarized the validity, reliability, and discriminative abilities of smartphone applications in assessing gait, balance, and falls in individuals with Parkinson's Disease. The studies included in the review generally showed strong validity, good to excellent reliability, and good discriminative properties of smartphone applications. Further studies are needed to explore the predictive ability of smartphones for falls in this population and evaluate the usability of smartphone applications for remote monitoring in individuals with PD.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SYSTEMS (2021)

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Review Clinical Neurology

Smartphone applications to assess gait and postural control in people with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review

Libak Abou et al.

Summary: In this review, eight articles were summarized to show that smartphone applications are effective in assessing gait and balance among people with Multiple Sclerosis, with good validity, reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. Majority of the studies targeted PwMS and clinicians as users. Future studies should focus on improving the sensitivity and specificity for better result interpretation.

MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS (2021)

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Article Primary Health Care

Determining the utility of a smartphone-based gait evaluation for possible use in concussion management

David R. Howell et al.

PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

A scoping review of non-linear analysis approaches measuring variability in gait due to lower body injury or dysfunction

Clare Strongman et al.

HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE (2020)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Inertial Sensor-Based Lower Limb Joint Kinematics: A Methodological Systematic Review

Ive Weygers et al.

SENSORS (2020)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

Validity and reliability of wearable inertial sensors in healthy adult walking: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Dylan Kobsar et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION (2020)

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Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Smartphone-Based Assessment of Gait During Straight Walking, Turning, and Walking Speed Modulation in Laboratory and Free-Living Environments

Patima Silsupadol et al.

IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS (2020)

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Article Physiology

Fractal Analysis of Human Gait Variability via Stride Interval Time Series

Angkoon Phinyomark et al.

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Sport Sciences

Smartphone Monitoring of Gait and Balance During Irregular Surface Walking and Obstacle Crossing

Janeesata Kuntapun et al.

FRONTIERS IN SPORTS AND ACTIVE LIVING (2020)

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Review Rehabilitation

Turning problems and freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Joke Spildooren et al.

DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION (2019)

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Article Biophysics

Gait events during turning can be detected using kinematic features originally proposed for the analysis of straight-line walking

Baptiste Ulrich et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS (2019)

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Article Chemistry, Analytical

Pilot Study of the EncephaLog Smartphone Application for Gait Analysis

Keren Tchelet et al.

SENSORS (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

Intraclass correlation: Improved modeling approaches and applications for neuroimaging

Gang Chen et al.

HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING (2018)

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Review Neurosciences

The use of wearable devices for walking and running gait analysis outside of the lab: A systematic review

Lauren C. Benson et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Natural turn measures predict recurrent falls in community-dwelling older adults: a longitudinal cohort study

Julia M. Leach et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Smartphone App-Based Assessment of Gait During Normal and Dual-Task Walking: Demonstration of Validity and Reliability

Brad Manor et al.

JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH (2018)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation

Andrea C. Tricco et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2018)

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Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach

Zachary Munn et al.

BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (2018)

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Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

Reporting guidelines: doing better for readers

David Moher

BMC MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Neurosciences

Reliability and validity of a smartphone-based assessment of gait parameters across walking speed and smartphone locations: Body, bag, belt, hand, and pocket

Patima Silsupadol et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2017)

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Article Neurosciences

Gait parameter and event estimation using smartphones

Lucia Pepa et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2017)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Where's Your Phone? A Survey of Where Women Aged 15-40 Carry Their Smartphone and Related Risk Perception: A Survey and Pilot Study

Mary Redmayne

PLOS ONE (2017)

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Article Rehabilitation

A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research

Terry K. Koo et al.

JOURNAL OF CHIROPRACTIC MEDICINE (2016)

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Article Neurosciences

Validation of a smartphone-based measurement tool for the quantification of level walking

Martina Furrer et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2015)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Self-selected gait speed - over ground versus self-paced treadmill walking, a solution for a paradox

Meir Plotnik et al.

JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION (2015)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A Validated Smartphone-Based Assessment of Gait and Gait Variability in Parkinson's Disease

Robert J. Ellis et al.

PLOS ONE (2015)

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Article Biophysics

A smart device inertial-sensing method for gait analysis

Dax Steins et al.

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS (2014)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Reliability and Validity of Gait Analysis by Android-Based Smartphone

Shu Nishiguchi et al.

TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH (2012)

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Article Health Care Sciences & Services

Scoping studies: advancing the methodology

Danielle Levac et al.

IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE (2010)

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Editorial Material Ophthalmology

Correlation, Agreement, and Bland-Altman Analysis: Statistical Analysis of Method Comparison Studies

Catey Bunce

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (2009)

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Review Neurosciences

Accelerometry: A technique for quantifying movement patterns during walking

Justin J. Kavanagh et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2008)

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Article Neurosciences

Video task analysis of turning during activities of daily living

Brian C. Glaister et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2007)

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Article Neurosciences

Assessment of spatio-temporal gait parameters from trunk accelerations during human walking

W Zijlstra et al.

GAIT & POSTURE (2003)

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A Scoping Review of the Validity and Reliability of Smartphone Accelerometers When Collecting Kinematic Gait Data

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