Real-World Data: Applications and Relevance to Cancer Clinical Trials

Article Oncology

Retrospective comparative effectiveness research: Will changing the analytical methods change the results?

Nicholas G. Zaorsky et al.

Summary: This study highlights the significant impact of biostatistical analytic choices on the outcomes of retrospective comparative effectiveness research studies, potentially leading to inconsistent conclusions.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER (2022)

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Article Oncology

Androgen deprivation therapy use and duration with definitive radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer: an individual patient data meta-analysis

Amar U. Kishan et al.

Summary: This individual patient data meta-analysis demonstrates that combining androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with radiotherapy and prolonging the duration of ADT treatment after radiotherapy can significantly improve metastasis-free survival in men with localized prostate cancer, while neoadjuvant ADT extension does not have a similar effect.

LANCET ONCOLOGY (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Cancer survival statistics for patients and healthcare professionals - a tutorial of real-world data analysis

S. Eloranta et al.

Summary: Monitoring cancer patient survival using population-based data is crucial for cancer control. Net survival is commonly used to compare survival, but may not reflect real-world prognosis. Understanding statistical concepts like competing risks and conditional survival is essential for effective risk communication and resource planning.

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Medical Service Use and Charges for Cancer Care in 2018 for Privately Insured Patients Younger Than 65 Years in the US

Nicholas G. Zaorsky et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the data from the 2018 MarketScan database to characterize the most common medical services provided and the associated spending for privately insured patients with cancer in the US. It was found that breast, colorectal, and prostate cancers had the highest number of services performed, particularly in pathology and laboratory tests, while breast, lung, and colorectal cancer incurred the highest costs, especially in medical supplies and nonphysician services. The total estimated cost of cancer care for privately insured adults in the US was $156.2 billion.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine

A preliminary assessment of guideline adherence and clinical variation in oral cancer treatment: a MarketScan database study

Antoine Eskander et al.

Summary: This study found low adherence to guideline-recommended processes of care for oral cavity cancer patients with geographical differences. Efforts should be made to improve adherence and promote routine use of practices outlined in national clinical practice guidelines.

BMC ORAL HEALTH (2021)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Prevalence of Missing Data in the National Cancer Database and Association With Overall Survival

Daniel X. Yang et al.

Summary: This retrospective cohort study examined the prevalence of missing data among cancer patients and its impact on overall survival. The results indicated a high prevalence of missing data in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer, with significant differences in overall survival between patients with missing data and complete data. Improvements in data documentation and quality are crucial for utilizing real-world data effectively in advancing clinical practices.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2021)

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Article Oncology

Immunotherapy for Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Real-World Data from an Academic Central and Eastern European Center

Marija Ivanovic et al.

Summary: This study presents the first real-world outcomes of immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC patients treated with ICI monotherapy at a single academic center in a Central and Eastern European country. The survival rates and toxicity were comparable to those observed in clinical trials and real-world series from North America and Western European countries. Further data on the real-world effectiveness of immunotherapy worldwide are needed.

ONCOLOGIST (2021)

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Article Oncology

A Retrospective Study of Brain Metastases From Solid Malignancies: The Effect of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Wei Du et al.

Summary: Brain metastases (BM) have a poor prognosis, and treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improves survival in patients with BM from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and melanoma, but not in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. Further research is needed to identify prognostic features, oncogenomic profiles, and predictive biomarkers.

FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY (2021)

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Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy