Human occupational exposure to microplastics: A cross-sectional study in a plastic products manufacturing plant

Microplastics are ubiquitous in the natural environment, and their potential impact on health is a key issue of concern. Investigating exposure routes in humans and other living organisms is among the major challenges of microplastics. This study aims to examine the exposure level of plastic factory staff to microplastic particles before and after work shifts through body receptors (hand and facial skin, saliva and hair) in Sirjan, southeast of Iran. Moreover, the effect of face masks, gloves, cosmetics (e.g: face powder cream, lipstick and eye makeup products) and appearance on the exposure level is investigated. In total, 19 individuals are selected during six working days. Then, the collected samples are transferred to the laboratory for filtration, extraction, identification and counting of microplastic particles. Moreover, 4802 microplastic particles (100-5000 mu min size) in strand, polyhedral and spherical shapes and color spectra of white/transparent, black, blue/green, red and purple are observed. The nature of most of the observed samples is fiber with a size >= 1000 mu m. Analyzing the selected samples using micro-Raman spectroscopy indicate polyester and nylon are the main identified fibers. Hair and saliva samples have the highest and lowest number of microplastics, respectively. Using gloves and sunscreen among all the participants, wearing a scarf and hair size among women and having a beard and mustache among men could have an effective role in the exposure level to microplastics. Results of this study could reveal the exposure route to microplastic particles in the human body and highlight the importance of providing higher protection to reduce exposure.

Automated summary

Microplastics are examined in plastic factory staff in Sirjan, Iran to determine their exposure levels through body receptors before and after work shifts. The study explores the impact of face masks, gloves, cosmetics, and appearance on the exposure levels. A total of 4802 microplastic particles in various shapes and colors are observed, with polyester and nylon as the main identified fibers. Hair samples have the highest number of microplastics, while saliva samples have the lowest. Wearing gloves and sunscreen can reduce exposure, and factors such as hair length, scarf wearing, beard, and mustache also play a role in exposure levels.