Synergistic degradation of Chlorpyrifos by modified solar Photo-Fenton process with bacterial metabolism reduces in vivo biotoxicity in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

The extensive use of Chlorpyrifos (CP) as insecticide has raised concern to their hazardous impact on human health and ecosystems. Bioremediation has been proved as one of the key eco-compatible method for reducing these environ-mental toxicants. This study explores and evaluate the effectiveness of a combined process including solar Photo-Fenton process followed by bacterial degradation using Ochrobactrum sp. CPD-03 for effective CP degradation in wastewater. Moreover, the in vivo molecular biotoxicity of CP and degraded CP has been evaluated with embryonic zebrafish. The solar Photo-Fenton treatment showed CP degradation efficiency of-42 % in 4 h and-92 % in 96 h with combined bacterial degradation process. In vivo biotoxicity analysis showed increased survivability of embryonic zebrafish exposed to CP with CPD-03 in water with lesser morphological abnormalities. The mechanistic molecular analysis showed decreased acetylcholinesterase inhibition and GST activity in embryos exposed to CP with CPD-03 for a lesser apoptosis due to influential intrinsic interaction with metabolic proteins. The study advocated to the use of solar Photo-Fenton process followed by bacterial degradation for an efficient ecological degradation of CP for effec-tive reduction of in vivo biotoxicity.

Automated summary

The combined process of solar Photo-Fenton treatment and bacterial degradation using Ochrobactrum sp. CPD-03 has been found effective in degrading Chlorpyrifos (CP) in wastewater. In vivo biotoxicity analysis showed that the use of this combined process reduces the toxic effects of CP on embryonic zebrafish. The study suggests the use of this technique for efficient degradation of CP and reduction of in vivo biotoxicity.