期刊
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
卷 33, 期 10, 页码 2025-2038出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/sms.14438
关键词
children; gross motor skills; longitudinal study; motor skills; perceived motor competence; profiles
The study aimed to identify and analyze the perceived and actual motor competence profiles in children over a 3-year period. Through the use of various assessments, the study found that children who had low perceived motor competence in early childhood were at risk of having lower motor competence and development in middle childhood. Different profiles were observed for boys and girls at each time point. The study highlights the importance of early intervention and support for children with low perceived motor competence.
The study aims were to (1) identify perceived motor competence (PMC) and actual motor competence (AMC) profiles in children at two time points (early and middle childhood) 3 years apart, (2) explore transitions between the profiles from T1 to T2, and (3) investigate how PMC-AMC profiles at T1 differ in their mean values for AMC and PMC variables at T2. PMC was assessed by the pictorial scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence for young children (PMSC). At T1, AMC was measured with Test of Gross Motor Development-third version (TGMD-3), and at T2, a shortened TGMD-3 was used. To identify the PMC-AMC profiles using latent profile analysis, the Mplus statistical package (version 8.7) was used. For aim 3, the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars (BCH) method was used. There were 480 children (mean age 6.26 years, 51.9% boys) at T1, 647 children (mean age 8.76 years, 48.8% boys) at T2 (some children were too young to have the PMC assessment at T1), and 292 at both time points. For aim 1, three profiles were identified at each time point for each gender. Boys had two realistic profiles with medium and low levels of PMC-AMC, and an overestimation profile. Girls had a medium realistic profile, an overestimation, and an underestimation profile. The PMC-AMC profile in early childhood predicted the PMC-AMC profile (aim 2) and AMC and PMC variables (aim 3) in middle childhood, especially if a child had low PMC in early childhood. Children with low PMC in early childhood are at risk of low PMC and less AMC development in middle childhood.
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