4.8 Review

Massive grid-scale energy storage for next-generation concentrated solar power: A review of the potential emerging concepts

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Opportunities and challenges in using particle circulation loops for concentrated solar power applications*

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Summary: Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is a renewable energy technology that uses heliostats to concentrate solar irradiance onto a receiver, where a fluid is used as a heat carrier. Using gas/solid suspensions as heat transfer medium in CSP offers advantages over other fluids, including higher achievable temperatures. Recent experiments have shown promising results using upflow bubbling fluidized beds for heat transfer in CSP systems. Challenges still remain in transferring particles between different components of the system.

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Progress and opportunities in corrosion mitigation in heat transfer fluids for next-generation concentrating solar power

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Summary: Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems have been successful in converting solar thermal energy into electrical power. However, corrosion of containment materials by the heat transfer fluids (HTFs) at high temperatures is a challenge. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on high temperature stable HTFs, corrosion mechanisms on different alloys, and corrosion mitigation measures.

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Dynamic modeling and control of a solar-powered Brayton cycle using supercritical CO2 and optimization of its thermal energy storage

G. S. Delsoto et al.

Summary: Recompression Brayton cycles using supercritical CO2 as the working fluid are a prominent alternative for thermo-solar power applications. Thermal energy storage and auxiliary heating systems are two widely explored mitigating alternatives to deal with the natural variability and intermittence of solar energy. This study used actual meteorological data and transient numerical simulations to investigate the power output dynamics of a 10 MW solar plant. The results showed operating settings that minimize the use of auxiliary heating with reductions of fuel consumption larger than 10%.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2023)

Article Energy & Fuels

Experimental assessment of Fe-doped CaMnO3 porous pellets in a bench-scale packed-bed reactor for thermochemical energy storage br

Emanuela Mastronardo et al.

Summary: Thermodynamic cycles with high operating temperatures are being studied to improve the efficiency of Concentrating Solar Power plants. New high-temperature Thermochemical Energy Storage systems are needed to meet the demand for on-demand power supply during off-sun periods. Fe-doped CaMnO3 oxides have been proposed as TCES candidate materials, with CMF91 composition showing the best potential due to its large heat storage capacity and thermal stability. Bench-scale reactor tests confirmed the reversible reduction-oxidation of CMF91 pellets under relevant operating conditions, demonstrating their suitability for thermal energy storage applications.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2023)

Article Thermodynamics

Comparison study of thermoclinic heat storage tanks using different liquid metals for concentrated solar power

Gang Wang et al.

Summary: This paper presents a comparative study on the charging, discharging and mechanical performances of thermoclinic heat storage (THS) tanks based on four different liquid metal materials. The results show that the lead-based THS tank has the best operating performance and mechanical performance, while the lead-bismuth-based and sodium-based THS tanks also demonstrate relatively acceptable operating performances.

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Muhammad Tahir Ameen et al.

Summary: Pumped Heat Energy Storage (PHES) is considered a promising energy storage technology due to its flexibility, scalability, and low cost. This paper presents the results and analysis of a PHES demonstration system in Hampshire, UK, including round-trip efficiency and performance at different operating conditions. The results show that PHES performs comparably to other mature technologies.

APPLIED ENERGY (2023)

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Multi-objective thermo-economic optimisation of Joule-Brayton pumped thermal electricity storage systems: Role of working fluids and sensible heat storage materials

Yongliang Zhao et al.

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Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source

Jose Ignacio Linares et al.

Summary: Carnot batteries store surplus power as heat using a heat pump, high-temperature storage system, and a heat engine.

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Molten chloride salt technology for next-generation CSP plants: Selection of cold tank structural material utilizing corrosion control at 500?C

Qing Gong et al.

Summary: MgCl2-KCl-NaCl molten chloride salt is a promising choice for thermal energy storage and heat transfer in next-generation Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants. The study evaluated two cost-effective steels, P91 and SS 304, as materials for the cold tank. The results showed that P91 steel exhibited better corrosion resistance and it could offer significant cost reduction for the cold tank.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2023)

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Calcium hydroxide and porous silicon-impregnated silicon carbide-based composites for thermochemical energy storage br

Shigehiko Funayama et al.

Summary: This study combines calcium hydroxide with ceramic foam and honeycomb structures of silicon-impregnated silicon carbide, demonstrating improved power density and bulk stability.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2023)

Article Thermodynamics

Progress in research and development of phase change materials for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power

Muhammad Imran Khan et al.

Summary: Concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are considered as one of the most promising ways to generate electric power in the future. The integration of efficient and cost-effective thermal energy storage (TES) systems is crucial for the development of CSP technology due to the unstable and intermittent nature of solar energy availability. Over the past decade, phase change materials (PCM) have gained significant interest for CSP applications as a latent heat TES system. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the current state and future challenges of cutting-edge PCM based TES technologies for CSP application, including the functional parts and research progress in each part.

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Development of over 3000 cycles durable macro-encapsulated aluminum with cavity by a sacrificial layer method for high temperature latent heat storage

Bo Zhao et al.

Summary: This work presents a facile and novel sacrificial layer method to create macro-encapsulating aluminum (Al) phase change materials (PCMs) by coating them with an alumina (Al2O3) shell characterized by a 'buffer' inner cavity. The macrocapsules showed high heat storage density and long-term thermal cycling stability, demonstrating their potential application in high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) systems.

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Concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies: Status and analysis

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Redox cycle of calcium manganite for high temperature solar thermochemical storage systems

Qi Lei et al.

Summary: This study investigated the thermal properties of CaMnO3, a perovskite manganite, for its potential application in high-temperature redox cycling. The material demonstrated high energy storage capacity and stability, making it a promising energy storage material for future solar thermal power plants.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

Article Energy & Fuels

Day-ahead offering strategy in the market for concentrating solar power considering thermoelectric decoupling by a compressed air energy storage

Shitong Sun et al.

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APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

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ENERGIES (2022)

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Pumped thermal energy storage systems integrated with a concentrating solar power section: Conceptual design and performance evaluation

Mario Petrollese et al.

Summary: A novel Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES) system integrated with a Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plant is proposed and investigated. The system operates with the same working fluid as the CSP plant and includes a Thermal Energy Storage (TES) system composed of three packed-bed tanks. Mathematical models were developed to simulate the system's performance and evaluate the thermal profiles of the TES tanks. A feasible design with an exergetic roundtrip efficiency of about 60% was proposed based on the results.

ENERGY (2022)

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Remo Schappi et al.

Summary: This article discusses the potential of using solar-driven thermochemical processes to produce carbon-neutral transportation fuels by capturing H2O and CO2 from the atmosphere. This method can be effectively implemented in desert regions and has been tested on a pilot scale.

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Bench-scale demonstration of thermochemical energy storage using the Magnesium-Manganese-Oxide redox system

N. Rahmatian et al.

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Ram Kunwer et al.

Summary: This paper provides a comprehensive review of sensible thermal energy storage technologies for concentrated solar power applications. It discusses various systems including two-tank molten salt, single-media, and dual-media TES systems. Recent advances show that dual-media thermocline is economically more viable, but there are technical challenges to overcome.

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Robin Roper et al.

Summary: The primary uses of molten salt in energy technologies are in power production and energy storage. Molten salt is well-suited to advanced energy technologies and offers advantages such as higher heat capacity and compact-sized systems. It can be used in molten salt reactors, concentrated solar power plants, and nuclear hybrid energy systems. However, there are challenges related to radiological and chemistry issues, including tritium production and corrosion. Careful consideration of salt types and further research is needed to address these challenges.

ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY (2022)

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Experimental evaluation of an innovative radial-flow high-temperature packed bed thermal energy storage

Silvia Trevisan et al.

Summary: This study presents an experimental setup of a high-temperature packed-bed thermal energy storage system and evaluates its performance. The results show that radial-flow packed-bed designs have the advantage of reduced pressure drops, but thermocline degradation is the main weakness of this design.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

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Mechanical stability and heat transfer improvement of CaO-based composite pellets for thermochemical energy storage

Rui Guo et al.

Summary: Two types of composite pellets, non-shelled and shelled, are studied for their effects on the mechanical stability and heat transfer efficiency of a CaO/H2O/Ca(OH)(2) thermochemical energy storage system. The results show that the non-shelled composite pellets exhibit significantly reduced volume change, with CaO crystals piling up in a rod-like shape, preventing volume expansion. The shelled composite pellets demonstrate advanced performances in terms of mechanical stability, reactivity, and output/storage density.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE (2022)

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Critical review of thermochemical energy storage systems based on cobalt, manganese, and copper oxides

Xiangyu Han et al.

Summary: This review provides an overview of the advantages and potential applications of thermochemical energy storage (TCES), focusing on metal oxide systems. The research status and technical characteristics of cobalt, manganese, and copper oxides and their mixed systems are summarized in detail. In addition, the application of perovskites in TCES is also discussed. Further research is necessary to scale up TCES for industrial applications.

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High temperature central tower plants for concentrated solar power: 2021 overview

R. P. Merchan et al.

Summary: Central tower plants are considered to be one of the most promising technologies for producing clean energy in the next few years. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art and challenges of this technology, as well as presents ongoing projects. The potential for improvement in various subsystems and the importance of holistic plant design are emphasized. Future research and development prospects in this field are also discussed.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2022)

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Techno-economic optimisation of a sodium-chloride salt heat exchanger for concentrating solar power applications

Salvatore Guccione et al.

Summary: This study presents a techno-economic analysis of a sodium-driven CSP system with a supercritical CO2 power block, focusing on a sodium-chloride salt heat exchanger. The performance and design of the heat exchanger were evaluated through optimization and sensitivity analyses. The results show that advanced CSP systems using sodium and indirect chloride salt storage can be a cost-effective solution, driving towards lower electricity prices.

SOLAR ENERGY (2022)

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Multi-doping strategy modified calcium-based materials for improving the performance of direct solar-driven calcium looping thermochemical energy storage

Yun Da et al.

Summary: This study investigates the improved optical absorption and cyclic stability of the direct solar-driven calcium-looping process for thermochemical energy storage using modified calcium-based materials. The results show that multi-doping strategy enhances the performance of calcium-looping thermochemical energy storage by synergistically improving optical absorption, carbonization kinetics, and cyclic stability.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2022)

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A review on high-temperature thermochemical heat storage: Particle reactors and materials based on solid-gas reactions

Selvan Bellan et al.

Summary: In order to address the thermal energy storage issue in CSP power plants, researchers have increasingly focused on thermochemical storage (TCS) systems, particularly those based on metal oxides. This review compares and summarizes different TCS systems currently under investigation, and presents various experimental and technological studies on high-temperature TCS applications.

WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT (2022)

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Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a novel combination of the heliostat solar field with compressed air energy storage (CAES); a case study at San Francisco, USA

Morteza Saleh Kandezi et al.

Summary: By combining compressed air energy storage with concentrated solar power and absorption chiller, this novel concept not only addresses environmental issues, but also generates power, cooling capacity, and hot water, reducing peak energy demand.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

Review Energy & Fuels

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Kai Wang et al.

Summary: This paper summarizes the recent research on thermochemical energy storage materials, focusing on the CaO/Ca(OH)2 system. The research includes the physical and chemical properties of the materials, as well as the structure changes, thermodynamic properties, and reaction kinetics during the reaction process. The paper also addresses the issues with the material and suggests the use of composite materials to overcome these limitations. Finally, the performance of this material in different types of reaction beds is summarized.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

Article Energy & Fuels

Modified Calcium Manganites for Thermochemical Energy Storage Applications

James E. Miller et al.

Summary: This article presents the research results on CaAl0.2Mn0.8O3-delta (CAM28) and CaTi0.2Mn0.8O3-delta (CTM28), focusing on the effects of elemental substitution and doping on calcium manganites (CM). Experimental data and a thermodynamic model are obtained, providing useful information for design efforts in high-temperature thermochemical energy storage applications.

FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH (2022)

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A comparative life cycle assessment of lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries for grid energy storage

Ryutaka Yudhistira et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the environmental impacts of lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries for stationary grid storage applications using life cycle assessment. The results show that lithium-ion batteries have fewer environmental impacts in various categories compared to lead-acid batteries. The study also suggests that increasing the contribution of renewable energy can reduce the environmental impact during the use phase.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2022)

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Molten chloride salt technology for next-generation CSP plants: Compatibility of Fe-based alloys with purified molten MgCl2-KCl-NaCl salt at 700 °C

Qing Gong et al.

Summary: This study investigates the high-temperature corrosion in molten MgCl2-KCl-NaCl salt and finds that using affordable Fe-based alloys as structural materials can effectively control the corrosion rate below the target value. This research has significant implications for cost reduction in chloride-TES and increasing energy conversion efficiency in CSP systems.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

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Enhanced thermal energy storage performance of molten salt for the next generation concentrated solar power plants by SiO2 nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study

Lei Xian et al.

Summary: This study proposes a composite thermal energy storage material based on amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles and KNaCl2, investigates the thermal storage properties and heat transfer improvement mechanism through molecular dynamics simulation, and predicts the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and specific heat capacity of CTES materials with different volume fractions of nanoparticles.

APPLIED ENERGY (2022)

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Analysis of an energy storage system using reversible calcium hydroxide in fluidised-bed reactors

O. Bartoli et al.

Summary: This study proposes a thermochemical energy storage system for concentrated solar power plants based on the reversible hydration/dehydration process of calcium hydroxide. Through modeling and economic analysis, it is found that this system has potential economic advantages and competitiveness.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2022)

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Applications of metal hydride based thermal systems: A review

K. Malleswararao et al.

Summary: Metal hydrides have attracted attention for various thermal applications due to their wide range of operating temperatures and pressures. This paper provides a comprehensive review of theoretical and experimental studies on the thermal applications of metal hydrides, such as refrigeration, heat transformers, heat pumps, and thermal energy storage.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2022)

Article Energy & Fuels

Integration of CSP and PV Power Plants: Investigations about Synergies by Close Coupling

Javier Inigo-Labairu et al.

Summary: Photovoltaic (PV) - concentrated solar power (CSP) hybrid power plants are an attractive option for cheap and dispatchable solar electricity. By combining the advantages of both technologies through deeper integration, optimal configurations can be obtained through simulations and techno-economic analysis.

ENERGIES (2022)

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Non-Stoichiometric Redox Thermochemical Energy Storage Analysis for High Temperature Applications

Timo Roeder et al.

Summary: Concentrated solar power has the potential to provide high-temperature process streams for various applications. One potential application is high-temperature electrolysis, which requires steam and air above 800 degrees C. To overcome the intermittent nature of solar energy, energy storage is necessary. Currently, thermal energy at such temperatures can be stored as sensible heat in packed beds, but this storage method suffers from a loss of usable capacity over time. To improve storage, a one-dimensional packed bed thermal energy storage model using air as a heat transfer medium is used to investigate the incorporation of different thermochemical materials. Three perovskites are considered, and their position in the storage system is analyzed. The study shows that the partial replacement of sensible energy storage with perovskites can increase the overall storage capacity.

ENERGIES (2022)

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Capacity optimization and feasibility assessment of solar-wind hybrid renewable energy systems in China

Jingze Yang et al.

Summary: This study analyzes the solar-wind hybrid renewable energy systems in 36 typical locations in China, examining the effects of wind and solar energy resources on system reliability and optimal capacities. The results show that in certain locations, the system's levelized cost of energy can be significantly reduced by effectively utilizing wind and solar energy, with the complementary characteristics of these two forms of energy playing an auxiliary role in improving reliability and reducing costs. Wind farms and PV plants still hold the greatest cost advantage in locations with different resources, but the integration of an electric heater with thermal energy storage and a power cycle can greatly enhance reliability and economy. The introduction of concentrated solar power plants is recommended in most regions where high reliability is pursued, and the commercial promotion of CSP plants brings the most significant economic benefits.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2022)

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Progress in research and technological advancements of thermal energy storage systems for concentrated solar power

Muhammad Imran Khan et al.

Summary: There is a global shift towards more sustainable production and consumption systems, leading to an increasing share of renewables in the energy market, with solar PV and wind power accounting for a significant portion. Concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are seen as promising for future electricity generation, but the integration of efficient thermal energy storage systems is crucial due to the intermittent nature of solar energy.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

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Thermocline storage for concentrated solar power plants: Descriptive review and critical analysis

Tawfiq Chekifi et al.

Summary: This research aims to provide additional knowledge for the development of thermal storage technology. In concentrating solar power plants, maintaining the sustainability of electrical energy production during the absence of solar power is crucial for economic competitiveness. Thermocline is considered a favorable solution for achieving cost reduction in thermal power storage system. Understanding the behavior of such a system is essential for improving its performance.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

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Carnot Battery development: A review on system performance, applications and commercial state-of-the-art

Andrea Vecchi et al.

Summary: This article provides a review of the latest developments in Carnot Battery technologies, including the collection and comparison of techno-economic performance data, discussions on system-scale applications, and updates on commercial developments. The study reveals differences in the techno-economics of different Carnot Battery technologies, a wide range of performance metrics, and a discrepancy between scientific research and ongoing projects in terms of system implementation. The article suggests harmonization of these discrepancies and consideration of location-specific integration for future advancements and deployment of Carnot Batteries.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

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Thermo-economic analysis of steam accumulation and solid thermal energy storage in direct steam generation concentrated solar power plants

Abdullah A. Al Kindi et al.

Summary: This study analyzes the thermo-economic performance of steam accumulation and integrated concrete-steam TES options in direct steam generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants. The results show that the integrated concrete-steam TES option provides higher TES capacity, electricity output, and thermal efficiency compared to the traditional steam accumulation option, while reducing costs.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2022)

Review Energy & Fuels

Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrating Solar Power Plants: A Review of European and North American R&D Projects

Sara Pascual et al.

Summary: Thermal energy storage (TES) is an effective solution to enhance the dispatchability of concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. The use of novel TES materials can reduce costs and improve the thermal performance of associated power blocks. This review provides an overview of CSP technologies, TES technologies, and TES-CSP configurations in currently operational facilities, as well as the research and development projects conducted in Europe and North America over the past decade. The review presents data on project details, including TES-CSP configurations, technologies applied, storage capacity, power block information, and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), as well as project location, research period, project leader, and budget information.

ENERGIES (2022)

Review Energy & Fuels

Hydride-based thermal energy storage

Marcus Adams et al.

Summary: This article discusses the potential and research surrounding metal hydride-based thermal energy storage, with a focus on next generation thermo-chemical energy storage for concentrated solar power. The article presents a site availability model for representing the reaction mechanisms of metal hydrides and extrapolates it to a small pilot scale reactor. The article also explores the important parameter of effective thermal conductivity using a multi-scale model and discusses the potential tuning of high temperature MH materials. The article touches on scale up considerations and provides an example of a novel pilot-scale reactor.

PROGRESS IN ENERGY (2022)

Review Energy & Fuels

Recent advances of energy storage technologies for grid: A comprehensive review

Md. Arafat Rahman et al.

Summary: Energy storage, an ancient concept, is increasingly studied and researched. This study explores various energy storage technologies, with a focus on energy storage for electric grids. The article also examines the application of these technologies worldwide and discusses barriers and future developments in their commercial adoption.

ENERGY STORAGE (2022)

Article Nanoscience & Nanotechnology

CaCo0.05Mn0.95O3-delta: A Promising Perovskite Solid Solution for Solar Thermochemical Energy Storage

Fei Jin et al.

Summary: The redox cycle of doped CaMnO3-delta is a cost-effective way for thermochemical energy storage in concentrating solar power. Co-doped CaMnO3-delta perovskites have been proposed as promising TCES materials, showing enhanced redox capacity and high TCES density. Effective Co doping increases the valence states of B-site cations in perovskite and facilitates the diffusion of lattice oxygen atoms. High cooling rates may deteriorate the microstructure of the material and affect heat release completeness.

ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Preliminary design and performance assessment of compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system

Mengjuan Xu et al.

Summary: This study proposed two isobaric compressed supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage systems, a simple cycle and a split cycle system. The results showed that the split cycle system has higher energy and exergy efficiency, but a higher total investment cost per unit output work.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2021)

Review Energy & Fuels

Development of Thermochemical Heat Storage Based on CaO/CaCO3 Cycles: A Review

Ying Yang et al.

Summary: This paper provided a comprehensive outlook on the integrated system of CaO/CaCO3 heat storage, advanced reactor design, heat storage conditions, as well as the performance of CaO-based materials. The challenges and opportunities faced by current research were discussed, and suggestions for future research and development directions of CaO/CaCO3 heat storage were briefly put forward.

ENERGIES (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Solid-gas thermochemical energy storage strategies for concentrating solar power: Optimization and system analysis

Xinyue Peng et al.

Summary: A system-level analysis was conducted on concentrating solar power systems with various solid-gas thermochemical energy storage strategies, studying three types of reactions and proposing six different process configurations. An optimization model was developed for plant design and operation, considering seasonal solar variability, and results showed that six out of nine strategies have the potential to improve energy efficiency and economic performance. In particular, a strategy based on manganese (III) oxide/trimanganese tetraoxide reaction achieved about 10% reduction in levelized cost of electricity.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review on the development of compressed air energy storage in China: Technical and economic challenges to commercialization

Zheming Tong et al.

Summary: China has become a leader in renewable energy production to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, utilizing Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) to tackle the intermittency of renewable sources. Promoting electricity trading markets could enhance CAES arbitrage in high-consumption areas, while integrating CAES with renewable energy generation reveals significant economic and environmental benefits.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

An operational high temperature thermal energy storage system using magnesium iron hydride

Lucas Poupin et al.

Summary: Metal hydrides are effective energy storage materials for thermal battery applications, with Magnesium iron hydride (Mg2FeH6) showing promising reversible hydrogenation reactions for thermal energy storage. The automated thermal battery prototype demonstrated excellent cyclic energy storage reversibility and achieved a maximum energy capacity of 1650 kJ, which is 87% of the theoretical value. Operating conditions such as ideal temperature, flow rate of heat transfer fluid, and hydrogen pressures were optimized to enhance the performance of the system.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2021)

Review Thermodynamics

Review of supercritical CO2 technologies and systems for power generation

Martin T. White et al.

Summary: sCO(2) offers high thermal efficiencies and compact physical footprint, but faces technical challenges and operational issues related to ambient conditions and heat availability.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2021)

Review Energy & Fuels

Molten Salts for Sensible Thermal Energy Storage: A Review and an Energy Performance Analysis

Adrian Caraballo et al.

Summary: A comprehensive review was conducted on different thermal energy storage materials for concentrated solar power, with nitrate-based materials found to be best for low temperatures and chloride-based materials best for high temperatures. This is mainly due to their low cost compared to fluoride and carbonate-based candidates.

ENERGIES (2021)

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A review on liquid air energy storage: History, state of the art and recent developments

Emiliano Borri et al.

Summary: Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is a high energy density electrical energy storage solution that can overcome geographical constraints, but with a low round-trip efficiency. Researchers have conducted in-depth studies, including thermodynamic and economic analysis, and future perspectives show that hybrid LAES solutions will be the most promising configuration to enhance system performance.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Energy & Fuels

Engineering molten MgCl2-KCl-NaCl salt for high-temperature thermal energy storage: Review on salt properties and corrosion control strategies

Carolina Villada et al.

Summary: This review discusses the selection, key properties, and working temperature range of MgCl2-KCl-NaCl salt as a TES/HTF material, as well as corrosion control strategies for addressing its corrosivity issue at high temperatures.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2021)

Review Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Progress in Research and Development of Molten Chloride Salt Technology for Next Generation Concentrated Solar Power Plants

Wenjin Ding et al.

Summary: Concentrated solar power plants with thermal energy storage systems are emerging as a promising option for future renewable energy systems. The next generation CSP technology aims to reduce electricity costs and improve performance by utilizing higher process temperatures and greater energy efficiency.

ENGINEERING (2021)

Review Energy & Fuels

Compressed air energy storage systems: Components and operating parameters - A review

A. G. Olabi et al.

Summary: The investigation highlights current developments on compressed air storage systems, focusing on operational mode, health & safety issues, and the significance of novel energy storage technology. It thoroughly evaluates various types of compressed air energy storage systems and discusses different expanders ideal for such systems. Design of salt caverns and other underground and above-ground compressed air storage systems are also analyzed in terms of advantages and disadvantages.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2021)

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Aerodynamic limits of gas turbine compressor during high air offtakes for minimum load extension

Artur Szymanski et al.

Summary: Renewable energy sources are favored due to environmental concerns, with gas turbines providing backup support. Extracting air from the compressor of a gas turbine can reduce load and improve ramp-up rates. Aerodynamic implications of air extraction from the compressor were studied, showing limitations and impacts on compressor performance.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2021)

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Impact of gas turbine flexibility improvements on combined cycle gas turbine performance

Kamal Abudu et al.

Summary: Improvements in gas turbine flexibility, achieved through minimum environmental load and ramp-up rates, have increased the power generation performance of CCGT. The study shows that flexibility enhancements in the gas turbine can also be applied to the overall CCGT operation, despite constraints from the bottoming cycle.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Investigation of a green energy storage system based on liquid air energy storage (LAES) and high-temperature concentrated solar power (CSP): Energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) assessments, along with a case study for San Diego, US

Mohammad Hossein Nabat et al.

Summary: Liquid air energy storage, a grid-scale energy storage technology, when combined with concentrated solar power, shows improvements in environmental and operational performance. The system can generate significant power and hot water during peak demand times.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Comprehensive assessment and multi-objective optimization of a green concept based on a combination of hydrogen and compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems

Seyed Mojtaba Alirahmi et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a novel hybrid energy production/storage system that utilizes a solar-driven Brayton cycle to store compressed air and hydrogen during off-peak periods for extra power generation during peak demand. Through multi-objective optimization algorithms, the system achieves a balance between thermodynamic performance and economic attractiveness, resulting in environmental benefits and cost reduction.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Predictive storage strategy for optimal design of hybrid CSP-PV plants with immersion heater

P. Richter et al.

Summary: A hybrid solar power plant combines the benefits of CSP and PV systems with thermal storage, utilizing a real-time storage strategy and considering future energy prices and weather conditions in the optimization process. The plant's efficiency and subsystem sizing are strongly impacted by the storage control scheme.

SOLAR ENERGY (2021)

Review Energy & Fuels

Fluidized Beds for Concentrated Solar Thermal Technologies-A Review

Claudio Tregambi et al.

Summary: Fluidized beds, with their unique properties and flexibility in design and operation, are efficient for thermal and thermochemical processes. Coupling fluidization with concentrated solar power is a stimulating cross-disciplinary field, with vast applications in collecting, storing, and exploiting solar radiation. Novel designs of fluidized bed solar receivers/reactors are discussed, along with a look at past, current, and future developments.

FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH (2021)

Editorial Material Energy & Fuels

Thermochemical Energy Storage Based on Carbonates: A Brief Overview

Carlos Ortiz

ENERGIES (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review on modeling approaches for packed-bed thermal storage systems

Ignacio Calderon-Vasquez et al.

Summary: Single-tank packed-bed storage system, coupled with renewable thermal energy sources, has been established as a promising alternative with a potential cost reduction of approximately 33% compared to two-tank systems. The performance of simulation models in packed-bed energy storage systems is significantly influenced by radiation heat transfer among particles, which should not be underestimated when analyzing operation temperatures above 750 degrees C.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Thermodynamics

Perspective on integration of concentrated solar power plants

Bashria A. A. Yousef et al.

Summary: Integration of energy resources can address intermittency issues of renewable energies like solar power, while reducing emissions and costs. Combining CSP with different energy sources can generate higher quality electricity and provide more reliable power supply.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LOW-CARBON TECHNOLOGIES (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Liquid air energy storage (LAES): A review on technology state-of-the-art, integration pathways and future perspectives

Andrea Vecchi et al.

Summary: Liquid air energy storage (LAES) has emerged as a feasible solution for energy system decarbonisation, providing high power output and storage capacity with advantages like high energy density and ease of deployment. Commercial LAES plants have been successfully built and demonstrated, sparking academic interest. However, heterogeneity in literature regarding concepts, methodologies, and scope complicates interpretation of outcomes, highlighting the need for more comprehensive integration studies and research on LAES capabilities beyond electricity output.

ADVANCES IN APPLIED ENERGY (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

A performance evaluation of an integrated solar combined cycle power plant with solar tower in Saudi Arabia

Abdulrahman AlKassem

Summary: The research shows that implementing an integrated solar combined cycle utilizing solar tower technology in Saudi Arabia could increase annual generation, lower energy cost, and facilitate the transition to stand-alone CSP, which is beneficial for creating a diversified and sustainable energy source.

RENEWABLE ENERGY FOCUS (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review on hybrid geothermal and solar power systems

Kewen Li et al.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2020)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermal energy storage technologies for concentrated solar power - A review from a materials perspective

A. Palacios et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2020)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Carbonate molten salt solar thermal pilot facility: Plant design, commissioning and operation up to 700 °C

Cristina Prieto et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2020)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Solar-Powered Rankine Cycle Assisted by an Innovative Calcium Looping Process as an Energy Storage System

Salvatore F. Cannone et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2020)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermodynamic analysis of a novel liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system and comparison to a liquid air energy storage system

Mengjuan Xu et al.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2020)

Article Thermodynamics

Gas turbine minimum environmental load extension with compressed air extraction for storage

Kamal Abudu et al.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Destabilized Calcium Hydride as a Promising High-Temperature Thermal Battery

Sruthy Balakrishnan et al.

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C (2020)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermal energy storage performance of a three-PCM cascade tank in a high-temperature packed bed system

Qianjun Mao et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2020)

Article Energy & Fuels

Investigation on the Ca(OH)2/CaO thermochemical energy storage system with potassium nitrate addition

T. Wang et al.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2020)

Review Energy & Fuels

Review of energy storage services, applications, limitations, and benefits

Ahmed Zayed Al Shaqsi et al.

ENERGY REPORTS (2020)

Review Energy & Fuels

Carnot battery technology: A state-of-the-art review

Olivier Dumont et al.

JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE (2020)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Battery Lifetime Prognostics

Xiaosong Hu et al.

Review Energy & Fuels

A review of solar thermal energy storage in beds of particles: Packed and fluidized beds

J. A. Almendros-Ibanez et al.

SOLAR ENERGY (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Solar Energy on Demand: A Review on High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage Systems and Materials

Alfonso J. Carrillo et al.

CHEMICAL REVIEWS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

The potential of metal hydrides paired with compressed hydrogen as thermal energy storage for concentrating solar power plants

Drew A. Sheppard et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (2019)

Article Energy & Fuels

Development of a new methodology for validating thermal storage media: Application to phase change materials

Rocio Bayon et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2019)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Sensible energy storage options for concentrating solar power plants operating above 600 °C

Gowtham Mohan et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2019)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A case study on combined cycle power plant integrated with solar energy in Trinidad and Tobago

Albert Boretti et al.

SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS (2019)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Experimental investigation of basalt rocks as storage material for high-temperature concentrated solar power plants

Tamar Nahhas et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2019)

Review Engineering, Chemical

Hybrid concentrated solar power (CSP)-desalination systems: A review

Kasra Mohammadi et al.

DESALINATION (2019)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

The Calcium-Looping (CaCO3/CaO) process for thermochemical energy storage in Concentrating Solar Power plants

C. Ortiz et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2019)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Projecting the Future Levelized Cost of Electricity Storage Technologies

Oliver Schmidt et al.

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

The POLYPHEM Project: An Innovative Small-Scale Solar Thermal Combined Cycle

Alain Ferriere et al.

SOLARPACES 2018: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS (2019)

Review Engineering, Multidisciplinary

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT OF A CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER PLANT

Mladen Bosnjakovic et al.

TEHNICKI GLASNIK-TECHNICAL JOURNAL (2019)

Review Energy & Fuels

High temperature systems using solid particles as TES and HTF material: A review

Alejandro Calderon et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2018)

Review Thermodynamics

An overview of thermal energy storage systems

Guruprasad Alva et al.

ENERGY (2018)

Article Chemistry, Physical

High temperature thermal energy storage in the CaAl2 system

Patrick A. Ward et al.

JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (2018)

Article Energy & Fuels

Experimental Test of Properties of KCl-MgCl2 Eutectic Molten Salt for Heat Transfer and Thermal Storage Fluid in Concentrated Solar Power Systems

Xiankun Xu et al.

JOURNAL OF SOLAR ENERGY ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME (2018)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review at the role of storage in energy systems with a focus on Power to Gas and long-term storage

Herib Blanco et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2018)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Solar process heat in industrial systems - A global review

Shahjadi Hisan Farjana et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2018)

Article Computer Science, Information Systems

Optimal Thermal Unit Commitment for Solving Duck Curve Problem by Introducing CSP, PSH and Demand Response

Harun Or Rashid Howlader et al.

IEEE ACCESS (2018)

Article Thermodynamics

Optimizing the CSP-Calcium Looping integration for Thermochemical Energy Storage

A. Alovisio et al.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2017)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermal energy storage systems for concentrated solar power plants

Ugo Pelay et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2017)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Energy and exergy analyses of solar tower power plant driven supercritical carbon dioxide recompression cycles for six different locations

Maimoon Atif et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2017)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Hybrid concentrated solar thermal power systems: A review

Kody M. Powell et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2017)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review of commercial thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power plants: Steam vs. molten salts

Edouard Gonzalez-Roubaud et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2017)

Article Energy & Fuels

Advanced power cycles for concentrated solar power

W. H. Stein et al.

SOLAR ENERGY (2017)

Review Energy & Fuels

A review on the development of photovoltaic/concentrated solar power (PV-CSP) hybrid systems

Xing Ju et al.

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS (2017)

Article Energy & Fuels

Economic feasibility of calcium looping under uncertainty

Dawid P. Hanak et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2017)

Article Energy & Fuels

Doped calcium manganites for advanced high-temperature thermochemical energy storage

Sean M. Babiniec et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2016)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Technical challenges and future direction for high-efficiency metal hydride thermal energy storage systems

Patrick A. Ward et al.

APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING (2016)

Article Thermodynamics

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant

K. Niedermeier et al.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2016)

Review Thermodynamics

A review of high-temperature particle receivers for concentrating solar power

Clifford K. Ho

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2016)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review on concentrating solar power plants and new developments in high temperature thermal energy storage technologies

Ming Liu et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2016)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermodynamic analysis of a novel energy storage system with carbon dioxide as working fluid

Yuan Zhang et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2016)

Review Energy & Fuels

Heat transfer fluids for concentrating solar power systems - A review

K. Vignarooban et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2015)

Review Energy & Fuels

Externally fired gas turbine technology: A review

K. A. Al-attab et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2015)

Article Thermodynamics

Performance analysis of a novel energy storage system based on liquid carbon dioxide

Mingkun Wang et al.

APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING (2015)

Review Energy & Fuels

A review of large-scale electrical energy storage

Sameer Hameer et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH (2015)

Review Nuclear Science & Technology

REVIEW OF SUPERCRITICAL CO2 POWER CYCLE TECHNOLOGY AND CURRENT STATUS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Yoonhan Ahn et al.

NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (2015)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Review on shell materials used in the encapsulation of phase change materials for high temperature thermal energy storage

Rhys Jacob et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2015)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Cobalt oxide based honeycombs as reactors/heat exchangers for redox thermochemical heat storage in future CSP plants

C. Pagkoura et al.

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, SOLARPACES 2014 (2015)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Hybrid high solar share gas turbine systems with innovative gas turbine cycles

M. Puppe et al.

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, SOLARPACES 2014 (2015)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

The design and numerical study of a 2MWh molten salt thermocline tank

Z. S. Chang et al.

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, SOLARPACES 2014 (2015)

Article Thermodynamics

Improving powder bed properties for thermochemical storage by adding nanoparticles

C. Rosskopf et al.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2014)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review on high temperature thermochemical heat energy storage

P. Pardo et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2014)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

High-efficiency thermodynamic power cycles for concentrated solar power systems

Marc T. Dunham et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2014)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Thermochemical energy storage in kW-scale based on CaO/Ca(OH)2

M. Linder et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOLARPACES 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2014)

Proceedings Paper Energy & Fuels

Development of solid particle thermal energy storage for concentrating solar power plants that use fluidized bed technology

Z. Ma et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOLARPACES 2013 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (2014)

Article Energy & Fuels

Supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles for solar-thermal energy

Brian D. Iverson et al.

APPLIED ENERGY (2013)

Editorial Material Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Research on metal hydrides revived for next-generation solutions to renewable energy storage

Melissae Fellet et al.

MRS BULLETIN (2013)

Review Thermodynamics

Thermal energy storage technologies and systems for concentrating solar power plants

Sarada Kuravi et al.

PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE (2013)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Concentrated solar power plants: Review and design methodology

H. L. Zhang et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2013)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Concentrating Solar Thermal Heat Storage Using Metal Hydrides

David N. Harries et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE (2012)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

An integrated energy storage scheme for a dispatchable solar and wind powered energy system

Jared B. Garrison et al.

JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY (2011)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

State of the art on high temperature thermal energy storage for power generation. Part 1-Concepts, materials and modellization

Antoni Gil et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2010)

Article Thermodynamics

DESIGN OF THE FIRST CHINESE 1 MW SOLAR-POWER TOWER DEMONSTRATION PLANT

Wei Han et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY (2009)

Article Energy & Fuels

Buffer storage for direct steam generation

Wolf-Dieter Steinmann et al.

SOLAR ENERGY (2006)