Factors associated with subgroups of fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

Objective This study aimed to investigate affected factors for subgroups of fatigue and the degree of fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods This study included 120 MHD patients. Questionnaires, pre- and post-dialysis clinical data, bioimpedance spectroscopy, and ultrasound assessment were involved. Results The prevalence of fatigue in participants was 83%, including 54% of patients with fatigue worsened by dialysis, 13% with fatigue lessened by dialysis, and 16% with undifferentiated fatigue. Based on multi-nominal logistic regression analysis, age was associated with worsened fatigue by dialysis (odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.11, p = 0.019), lower post-dialysis phosphorus was associated with lessened fatigue by dialysis (OR = 0.03, 95% CI 0.001-0.981, p = 0.049), and there was an increasing trend of patients experiencing undifferentiated fatigue as the extracellular water / intracellular water (E/I) level increased (p for trend = 0.020). Based on multi-ordinal logistic regression analysis, age was also a significant predictor for more severe fatigue (OR = 1.042, 95% CI 1.008-1.059, p = 0.015). Conclusions Different subgroups of fatigue in MHD patients have different affecting factors. Older patients were prone to worsened fatigue by dialysis, patients with lower post-dialysis phosphorus were prone to lessened fatigue by dialysis, and patients with higher E/I levels were prone to undifferentiated fatigue. Meanwhile, older patients are prone to suffer from more severe fatigue. However, more in-depth studies are needed to clarify the pathogenesis of fatigue in MHD patients.

Automated summary

Objective of this study was to investigate factors affecting different subgroups of fatigue and the degree of fatigue in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The study included 120 MHD patients and involved questionnaires, clinical data, bioimpedance spectroscopy, and ultrasound assessments. The prevalence of fatigue in participants was 83%, with different percentages for fatigue worsened, lessened, and undifferentiated by dialysis. Factors such as age, post-dialysis phosphorus level, and extracellular water / intracellular water (E/I) level were found to be associated with different subgroups of fatigue. Older patients were more prone to severe fatigue. In-depth studies are needed to clarify the pathogenesis of fatigue in MHD patients.