Construction of waterborne flame-retardant itaconate-based unsaturated polyesters and application for UV-curable hybrid coatings on wood

Developing a strategy to improve the flame retardancy and water resistance of waterborne bio-based coatings on wood is an effective route to enhance safety and applicability of timbers. In this work, the waterborne itaconatebased unsaturated polyester (IAF) were synthesized from biomass-derived itaconic acid (IA) and flame retardants FRC-6 by melt polycondensation in one pot, which was investigated as an ideal waterborne resin for UV-curable coating applications. A series of UV-cured hybrid coatings on wood were prepared consisting of IAF, N(Hydroxymethyl) acrylamide (NMA), and & gamma;-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) in various proportions via UV-curing and sol-gel process. The incorporation of MPS enhanced the rigidity, cross-linkage, and water resistance of UV-cured hybrid coatings, but the excessive silicone gel limited the further improvement of coating performances due to the phase separation and reduced film-forming property. Moreover, the UV-cured hybrid coatings appeared exceptional charring properties and endowed wood with superior flame retardancy. It was noticed that P/N/Si synergistically promoted the formation of remarkable, dense, and stable char layer on wood as a barrier, retarding the spread of heat, oxygen, or flammable volatile and the further combustion of substrates. Besides, the free radical capture of phosphorus and the dilution effect of inert gas played an essential role in gasphase flame retardancy.

Automated summary

Developing a strategy to improve the flame retardancy and water resistance of waterborne bio-based coatings on wood is an effective route to enhance safety and applicability of timbers. In this work, an ideal waterborne resin IAF was synthesized, and a series of UV-cured hybrid coatings on wood were prepared. The addition of MPS improved the rigidity, cross-linkage, and water resistance of the coatings, but excessive silicone gel limited the improvement of coating performances. Moreover, the UV-cured hybrid coatings exhibited exceptional charring properties and endowed wood with superior flame retardancy.