Does the addition of choline and/or betaine to diets reduce the methionine requirements of laying quails? Assessment of performance and egg antioxidant capacity

The purpose of the present study was to assess the performance, quality of eggs internally and externally, and antioxidant capacity of yolks in laying quails with the administration of choline and betaine to diets containing reduced methionine levels. A total of 150 Japanese laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at the 10-wk age were randomly assigned to 6 experimental groups, each consisting of 5 replicates and 5 birds for 10 wk. The treatment diets were designed by adding the fol-lowing substances: 0.45% methionine (C), 0.30% methio-nine (LM), 0.30% methionine + 0.15% choline (LMC), 0.30% methionine + 0.20% betaine (LMB), 0.30% methionine + 0.075% choline + 0.10% betaine (LMCB1), 0.30% methionine + 0.15% choline + 0.20% betaine (LMCB2). The treatments did not affect perfor-mance, egg production, or egg internal quality (P > 0.05). No significant effect was determined on the damaged egg rate (P > 0.05), but the egg-breaking strength, eggshell thickness, and eggshell relative weight decreased in the LMCB2 group (P < 0.05). Regarding lipid peroxidation, treatments did not affect the yolk 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl value (P > 0.05), although the lowest thiobarbi-turic acid reactive substances value was observed in the LMB compared to the control group (P < 0.05). It may be summarized that methionine can be decreased to levels of 0.30% for laying quail diets with no negative effect on performance, egg production, or egg internal quality, whereas the combination of methionine (0.30%) and beta-ine (0.2%) could improve antioxidant stability of eggs over the 10-wk experimental period. These findings pro-vide useful information to the traditional recommenda-tions on the requirements of laying quail. However, further studies are needed to test whether these effects persist throughout extended study periods.

Automated summary

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance, quality of eggs internally and externally, and antioxidant capacity of yolks in laying quails with the administration of choline and betaine to diets containing reduced methionine levels. The results showed that methionine can be reduced to a level of 0.30% without negative effects on egg production, while the combination of methionine (0.30%) and betaine (0.20%) can improve the antioxidant stability of eggs.