Novel low-cost green method for production bacterial cellulose

In the industrial application of bacterial cellulose (BC), the yield becomes a crucial factor because it drives the selling price of BC. A Box-Behnken experimental design with three components and three levels was employed to create seventeen samples. A response surface method was then used to optimize the BC yield from the most relevant parameters, including incubation temperature, medium shaking intensity, and nitrogen supply pH. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis proved that BC was pure. By analyzing BC morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), rod-like microfibrils with an average diameter of 6.5 were revealed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) tested the crystalline size and crystallinity and found 4.7 nm and 69%, respectively. Thermal transition and stability were assessed using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). For the manufacture of BC composite hydrogel, a chemical test method was used to determine the solubility of BC. This study aimed to identify the ideal circumstances for using leftover sweet lime pulp for biomedical applications to produce reasonably priced and effective BC. At 28.87 degrees C, 125.91 rpm shaking frequency, and 5.65 pH, a sweet lime pulp waste medium produced the highest yield of BC, three times greater than the yield in a Hestrin-Schramm medium under static circumstances.{GRAPHIACAL ABSTRACT}

Automated summary

In this study, the yield of bacterial cellulose (BC) was optimized using experimental design and response surface method. The BC was proven to be pure through analysis of morphology, crystalline structure, and thermal properties. The ideal conditions for biomedical applications were identified.