Methyl vinyl ketone impairs spatial memory and activates hippocampal glial cells in mice

Article Clinical Neurology

Air pollution and dementia in older adults in the Ginkgo Evaluation of Memory Study

Erin O. Semmens et al.

Summary: This study found that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution may increase the risk of dementia, particularly mixed vascular and Alzheimer's disease dementia.

ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA (2023)

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Review Cell Biology

Microglia regulation of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory

Jessica Cornell et al.

Summary: Microglia are resident macrophages of the central nervous system with diverse morphologies and functions. Resting microglia play a crucial role in regulating synaptic pruning and neuronal activity under normal conditions, while activated microglia secrete proteins that can lead to synaptic plasticity and cognitive deficits associated with various diseases and disorders. This review discusses the role of microglia in synaptic plasticity and learning and memory, as well as the potential of manipulating microglia as a therapeutic approach to alleviate cognitive deficits.

NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH (2022)

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Review Immunology

Crosstalk Between the Oxidative Stress and Glia Cells After Stroke: From Mechanism to Therapies

Ganggui Zhu et al.

Summary: This article discusses the adverse consequences of oxidative stress and the role of glial cells in stroke. Glial cells are rapidly activated after stroke, generating large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative damage. Additionally, ROS regulate the function of glial cells in pathological processes such as neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier damage. However, glial cells also protect the central nervous system from oxidative damage by synthesizing antioxidants and regulating the Nrf2 pathway.

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

An Intensified Acrolein Exposure Can Affect Memory and Cognition in Rat

Mona Khoramjouy et al.

Summary: Chronic oral exposure to acrolein can lead to neurobehavioral and electrophysiological disturbances, as well as impair learning and memory. There is a direct correlation between acrolein concentration and neurotoxicity.

NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Astrocytic cAMP modulates memory via synaptic plasticity

Zhiwen Zhou et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that increasing cAMP levels in astrocytes can induce synaptic plasticity and affect memory formation and retention, mediated through the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle. This provides a tool to modulate astrocytic cAMP in vivo and sheds light on the role of astrocytic cAMP in brain function.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

The memory orchestra: the role of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in parallel to neurons

Adi Kol et al.

Summary: Memory research has traditionally focused on neurons, but now we understand the importance of environmental and glial cell modulation on neuronal activity. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes play crucial roles in memory formation at different time points, and chemogenetics and optogenetics are valuable tools for investigating their involvement in memory.

CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Substance Abuse