Dipeptidase-2 is a prognostic marker in lung adenocarcinoma that is correlated with its sensitivity to cisplatin

Lung cancer accounts for the highest percentage of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype. Although numerous therapies have been developed for lung cancer, patient prognosis is limited by tumor metastasis and more effective treatment targets are urgently required. In the present study, gene expression profiles were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and mRNA expression data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. In addition, TIMER 2.0 database was used to analyze the expression of genes in normal and multiple tumor tissues. Protein expression was confirmed using the Human Protein Atlas database and LUAD cell lines, sphere formation assay, western blotting, and a xenograft mouse model were used to confirm the bioinformatics analysis. Dipeptidase-2 (DPEP2) expression was significantly decreased in LUAD and was negatively associated with prognosis. DPEP2 overexpression substantially inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as LUAD cell metastasis, and limited the expression of the cancer stem cell transformation markers, CD44 and CD133. In addition, DPEP2 improved LUAD sensitivity to cisplatin by inhibiting EMT; this was verified in vitro and in vivo. These data indicated that DPEP2 upregulates E-cadherin, thereby regulating cell migration, cancer stem cell transformation, and cisplatin resistance, ultimately affecting the survival of patients with LUAD. Overall, the findings of the present suggest that DPEP2 is important in the development of LUAD and can be used both as a prognostic marker and a target for future therapeutic research.

Automated summary

Lung cancer, particularly the adenocarcinoma subtype, is a highly prevalent and deadly disease. This study found that DPEP2 expression is significantly decreased in lung adenocarcinoma and is negatively associated with prognosis. DPEP2 overexpression inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cell metastasis, and reduces the expression of cancer stem cell transformation markers CD44 and CD133. Furthermore, DPEP2 improves sensitivity to cisplatin in lung adenocarcinoma. These findings highlight the importance of DPEP2 as a prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target in lung adenocarcinoma.