Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) levels in the cerebral cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a radioligand binding study in postmortem brains

Histological and biochemical analyses in postmortem tissues have demonstrated neurodegenerative changes in the cerebral cortex in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and it has been suggested that this re-presents a loss of synapses. PET imaging of the (pre)synaptic vesicular glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) has de-monstrated a reduction in synapse density in AD in the hippocampus but not consistently in the neocortex. This investigation examines the level of [3H]UCB-J binding in postmortem cortical tissue from patients with AD and matched healthy controls using autoradiography. Among the neocortical areas examined, the binding was significantly lower only in the middle frontal gyrus in AD compared to matched controls. No differences were observed in the parietal, temporal, or occipital cortex. The binding levels in the frontal cortex in the AD cohort displayed large variability among subjects, and this revealed a highly significant negative association with the age of the patient. These results demonstrate low UCB-J binding in the frontal cortex of patients with AD, and this biomarker correlates negatively with age, which may further indicate that SV2A could be an important biomarker in AD patients. & COPY; 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Histological and biochemical analyses have shown neurodegenerative changes in the cerebral cortex of patients with AD, suggesting a loss of synapses. PET imaging of SV2A has demonstrated reduced synapse density in the hippocampus of AD patients. This study found significantly lower UCB-J binding in the frontal cortex of AD patients, which negatively correlated with age, indicating the potential of SV2A as an important biomarker in AD.