☆ 4.6 Review

Advanced neurobiological tools to interrogate metabolism

NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY (2023)

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Article Neurosciences

Hypothalamic warm-sensitive neurons require TRPC4 channel for detecting internal warmth and regulating body temperature in mice

Qian Zhou et al.

Summary: Precise monitoring of internal temperature is crucial for thermal homeostasis in mammals. Through a genetic screen, TRPC4 channel was identified as essential for warm sensing in GABAergic WSNs, playing a role in basal temperature setting, warm defense, and fever responses. TRPC4 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for managing core body temperature.

NEURON (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

A synaptic amplifier of hunger for regaining body weight in the hypothalamus

Katarzyna Grzelka et al.

Summary: Restricting caloric intake effectively reduces body weight, but most dieters fail long-term adherence to caloric deficit and eventually regain lost weight. This study reveals the crucial role of synaptic plasticity in hunger-promoting AgRP neurons and identifies a previously unrecognized target to combat regain of lost weight through activity-dependent amplification of synaptic activity originating from paraventricular hypothalamus thyrotropin-releasing (PVHTRH) neurons.

CELL METABOLISM (2023)

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Article Cell Biology

Nutrient-sensing AgRP neurons relay control of liver autophagy during energy deprivation

Weiyi Chen et al.

Summary: This study found that fasting activates autophagy in the liver and AgRP neurons in the hypothalamus of mice. Activation of AgRP neurons induce autophagy, alter phosphorylation of autophagy regulators, and promote ketogenesis. The induction of liver autophagy by AgRP neurons relies on NPY release in the PVH via inhibition of NPY1R-expressing neurons to activate PVHCRH neurons. This study reveals a fundamental regulatory principle of liver autophagy in controlling metabolic adaptation during nutrient deprivation.

CELL METABOLISM (2023)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

TLR4 in POMC neurons regulates thermogenesis in a sex-dependent manner

Yongxiang Li et al.

Summary: The rising prevalence of obesity is a global health concern. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is abundantly expressed in the brain and plays a role in regulating energy expenditure and thermogenesis. Deleting TLR4 in POMC neurons affects energy expenditure and thermogenesis in a sex-dependent manner, leading to reduced body weight in male mice and increased body weight in female mice. The inhibition of immune-related signaling pathway in white adipose tissue exacerbates the development of obesity. Overall, TLR4 in POMC neurons regulates thermogenesis and lipid balance in a sex-dependent manner.

JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH (2023)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The melanocortin action is biased toward protection from weight loss in mice

Hongli Li et al.

Summary: Inhibition of hypothalamic melanocortin action leads to obesity, while chronic activation does not cause weight loss. The bidirectional regulation of body weight by melanocortin action cannot explain the difficulty in finding effective therapeutics for general obesity. This study demonstrates that altered melanocortin action is one-directional, with chronic inhibition causing obesity but chronic activation failing to reduce body weight. These findings provide a neural basis for the predisposition to obesity development and the bias of melanocortin action towards protecting weight loss.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2023)

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Article Biology

Enteroendocrine cell lineages that differentially control feeding and gut motility

Marito Hayashi et al.

Summary: Enteroendocrine cells, which are found in the gut and play a role in the gut-brain axis, produce multiple gut hormones with potentially opposing effects. In this study, the researchers developed a method to selectively study enteroendocrine cells in mice using genetic techniques. They were able to target specific enteroendocrine cell lineages that produce different hormones and found that activating different types of enteroendocrine cells had varying effects on feeding behavior and gut motility. Understanding the physiological roles of different enteroendocrine cell types is important for the study of sensory biology in the intestine.

ELIFE (2023)

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Article Biology

Effects of clozapine-N-oxide and compound 21 on sleep in laboratory mice

Janine Traut et al.

Summary: Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) are chemogenetic tools for remote control of targeted cell populations using chemical actuators that bind to modified receptors. In this study, we demonstrated that the commonly used DREADD actuator, clozapine-N-oxide (CNO), as well as a novel actuator, compound 21 (C21), can modulate sleep in mice not expressing DREADD receptors. Our findings suggest that back-metabolism to clozapine is not the sole mechanism underlying the sleep effects of chemogenetic actuators.

ELIFE (2023)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Induction of a torpor-like hypothermic and hypometabolic state in rodents by ultrasound

Yaoheng Yang et al.

Summary: By using ultrasound to activate specific neurons in the hypothalamus, researchers have successfully induced a torpor-like state in rodents, characterized by hypothermia and reduced metabolic rate. This noninvasive technique involves closed-loop feedback control of ultrasound stimulation and automated detection of body temperature. The study identifies TRPM2 as an ultrasound-sensitive ion channel in the hypothalamus preoptic area, and demonstrates the feasibility of ultrasound-induced hypothermia and hypometabolism in non-torpid animals.

NATURE METABOLISM (2023)

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Article Neurosciences

Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone regulates hippocampus-dorsolateral septum activity

Jing-Jing Liu et al.

Summary: The study uncovered the physiological mechanism underlying the functional role of melanin-concentrating hormone in the dorsolateral septum, a region involved in routing hippocampal firing rhythms and encoding spatial memory. The results showed that MCH synchronizes neuronal firing in the dLS with its dCA3 inputs by enhancing GABA release and subsequently reducing feed-forward inhibition, supporting spatial memory encoding. These findings support a model in which peptidergic signaling within the dLS modulates dorsal hippocampal output and supports memory encoding.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Article Neurosciences

The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell

Kelly L. Buchanan et al.

Summary: Buchanan, Rupprecht, Kaelberer and colleagues have discovered that the preference for sugar over sweetener in mice is dependent on gut neuropod cells, which rapidly communicate stimuli to drive food choices. These cells differentiate and transduce stimuli from sweeteners and sugars to the vagus nerve using sweet taste receptors and sodium glucose transporters. This study provides insights into how the gut steers preferences for nutritive sugars.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An estrogen-sensitive hypothalamus-midbrain neural circuit controls thermogenesis and physical activity

Hui Ye et al.

Summary: ERα(vlVMH) neurons activate BAT thermogenesis and physical activity through stimulating 5-HTDRN neurons, thereby regulating body weight.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

An H2R-dependent medial septum histaminergic circuit mediates feeding behavior

Lingyu Xu et al.

Summary: This study identifies a histaminergic circuit projecting to the medial septum that plays a critical role in feeding behavior. The expression of histamine 2 receptors (H2Rs) in glutamatergic neurons in the medial septum is decreased in diet-induced obesity mice, and down-regulation of H2Rs accelerates body-weight gain. Chronic activation of H2Rs in glutamatergic neurons slows down body-weight gain in obese mice. These findings highlight the potential of targeting H2Rs in glutamatergic neurons as a treatment for obesity.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Neurosciences

Pushing the frontiers: tools for monitoring neurotransmitters and neuromodulators

Zhaofa Wu et al.

Summary: Neurotransmitters and neuromodulators play key roles in the nervous system, but tracking their dynamics has been challenging. This review discusses available methods for monitoring these chemicals and highlights the advancements made with genetically encoded fluorescent indicators.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

The DREADDful Hurdles and Opportunities of the Chronic Chemogenetic Toolbox

Marie Claes et al.

Summary: The chronic character of chemogenetics offers potential for long-term neuromodulation, but there are numerous challenges to overcome. Understanding the underlying cellular and molecular causes of these challenges can expand the applications of chemogenetics and pave the way for clinical use.

CELLS (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

The cephalic phase of insulin release is modulated by IL-10

Sophia J. Wiedemann et al.

Summary: This study reveals that the initial cephalic phase of insulin secretion is mediated through the vagus nerve and IL-10 is involved in this process. IL-10 stimulates postprandial insulin secretion through neuronal transmission and is produced by microglia. It activates the vagus nerve and regulates hypothalamic activity. Impaired IL-10 signaling contributes to the dysregulation of cephalic phase insulin release in obesity.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Food-induced dopamine signaling in AgRP neurons promotes feeding

Qi Zhang et al.

Summary: Obesity comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are pressing public health concerns. The neural mechanisms underlying excessive food consumption are poorly understood. This study demonstrates the important role of dopamine receptor D1 (Drd1) in the arcuate hypothalamus in regulating food intake, particularly in response to a high-fat diet. Lack of Drd1 expression in neurons leads to reduced consumption of high-fat diet.

CELL REPORTS (2022)

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Article Immunology

Delineating a serotonin 1B receptor circuit for appetite suppression in mice

Li Li et al.

Summary: Li et al. demonstrate the appetite-suppressing effect of a class of commonly prescribed antimigraine drugs in mice and elucidate the underlying neural pathway. They find that triptans can reduce food intake and body weight in mice, and this anorectic effect is dependent on the serotonin 1B receptor. By manipulating Htr1b in different brain regions, they show that Htr1b engages in spatiotemporally segregated neural pathways to regulate growth and food intake. Furthermore, they discover the involvement of Htr1b in AgRP neurons in the hypothalamus in the hypophagic effects of HTR1B agonists.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Prostaglandin EP3 receptor-expressing preoptic neurons bidirectionally control body temperature via tonic GABAergic signaling

Yoshiko Nakamura et al.

Summary: In this study, the bidirectional control of the thermoregulatory center in the preoptic area (POA) was investigated using rats. Prostaglandin EP3 receptor-expressing POA neurons (POAEP3R neurons) were identified as a pivotal bidirectional controller in the central thermoregulatory mechanism. These neurons are activated in response to elevated ambient temperature but inhibited by prostaglandin E2. Stimulation of these neurons reduces body temperature by enhancing heat dissipation, while inhibition of them leads to hyperthermia involving brown fat thermogenesis.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Dopamine-inhibited POMCDrd2+neurons in the ARC acutely regulate feeding and body temperature

Isabella Gaziano et al.

Summary: This study reveals the differential effects of dopamine on neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, with activation of food intake-promoting neurons and inhibition of anorexigenic neurons. By targeting specific POMC neurons, it is found that dopamine-mediated inhibition of feeding depends on the Drd2 receptor, and POMCDrd2+ neurons exhibit differential expression of neuropeptide signaling mediators. Chemogenetic activation of POMCDrd2+ neurons can suppress feeding and maintain body temperature.

JCI INSIGHT (2022)

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Article Biology

Enteroendocrine cell types that drive food reward and aversion

Ling Bai et al.

Summary: Animals learn about the nutritional value and toxicity of food through experience, with enteroendocrine cells playing a crucial role in this process. The study discovered that different EEC subtypes have inhibitory effects on food intake and influence learning differently.

ELIFE (2022)

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Article Cell Biology

Hypothalamic astrocytes control systemic glucose metabolism and energy balance

Daniela Herrera Moro Chao et al.

Summary: The hypothalamic astrocytes play an important role in the control of systemic metabolism, and their activity is altered in obesity. Manipulation of astrocyte activity can affect neighboring neuron activity, autonomic outflow, glucose metabolism, and energy balance. This study suggests that targeting astrocytes may be a potential strategy for anti-obesity interventions.

CELL METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Validation of DREADD agonists and administration route in a murine model of sleep enhancement

Loris L. Ferrari et al.

Summary: This study validates the use of alternative DREADD ligands, DCZ and C21, as well as a new administration route, voluntary oral administration. Results show that both DCZ and C21 can enhance SWS in PZGABA-hM3Dq mice, similar to CNO. Moreover, oral administration of CNO, DCZ, and C21 induces the same sleep phenotype as compared to intraperitoneal injection.

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Natural locus coeruleus dynamics during feeding

Natale R. Sciolino et al.

Summary: Noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus (LC-NE) modulate feeding behavior by integrating external and internal stimuli. LC-NE activity is suppressed during food consumption, and activation of the LC to the lateral hypothalamus pathway suppresses feeding and enhances avoidance and anxiety-like responding.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2022)

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Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

Optogenetics for light control of biological systems

Valentina Emiliani et al.

Summary: Optogenetics is a powerful technique that allows control and manipulation of specific cells using genetic engineering and light. It has revolutionized neuroscience and has the potential to impact other fields as well.

NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS (2022)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

HypoMap-a unified single-cell gene expression atlas of the murine hypothalamus

Lukas Steuernagel et al.

Summary: The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in coordinating fundamental body functions, but there is still a lack of unified catalog and molecular characterization of neuronal subtypes in this brain region. The integrated reference atlas "HypoMap" provides a systematic framework for functional annotation of hypothalamic cell types, serving as a crucial platform for unraveling the functional organization of hypothalamic neurocircuits and identifying druggable targets for treating metabolic disorders.

NATURE METABOLISM (2022)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Acts of appetite: neural circuits governing the appetitive, consummatory, and terminating phases of feeding

Ivan C. Alcantara et al.

Summary: This Review discusses the advances in neuroscience that have identified brain regions and neural circuits involved in regulating appetite during different phases of eating, including food procurement, food consumption, and meal termination. Studies have found that not only hypothalamic nuclei, but also other brain regions and circuits beyond the hypothalamus, such as the mesolimbic pathway and nodes in the hindbrain, play a role in modulating appetite. Long-term exposure to a calorically dense diet can also alter feeding circuits and the response of motivational systems to food.

NATURE METABOLISM (2022)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Organ-specific, multimodal, wireless optoelectronics for high-throughput phenotyping of peripheral neural pathways

Woo Seok Kim et al.

Summary: The study introduces a novel wireless optoelectronic device for precise and chronic in vivo optogenetic manipulations of peripheral neural circuits. The research uncovers the role of specific stomach neural fibers in suppressing appetite.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Psychiatry

AgRP neurons trigger long-term potentiation and facilitate food seeking

Chunmei Wang et al.

Summary: Sufficient feeding is essential for animals' survival, and the neurobiological processes regulating food seeking behavior have been partially understood, in which the AgRP -> PVT circuit is crucial for food seeking.

TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

A synaptic temperature sensor for body cooling

Gretel B. Kamm et al.

Summary: Research has identified a synaptic mechanism that regulates temperature sensitivity, enhancing the temperature response of warm-sensitive neurons at the cellular level through TRPM2 ion channels. This mechanism facilitates thermoregulation by linking WSN function with body temperature regulation.

NEURON (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

GFRAL-expressing neurons suppress food intake via aversive pathways

Paul Sabatini et al.

Summary: GDF-15 activates GFRAL neurons, affecting the expression of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides, thereby inhibiting feeding and gastric emptying, promoting conditioned taste aversion; neurons with the strongest effect innervate the PBN and target CGRP(PBN) neurons, silencing of which abolishes the negative and anorectic effects of GDF-15.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Obesity-associated hyperleptinemia alters the gliovascular interface of the hypothalamus to promote hypertension

Tim Gruber et al.

Summary: This study found that hyperleptinemia promotes obesity-induced hypertension through a HIF1a-VEGF signaling cascade in hypothalamic astrocytes. Blocking the HIF1a-VEGF pathway in astrocytes can protect from obesity-induced hypothalamic angiopathy, sympathetic hyperactivity, or arterial hypertension.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Wireless multilateral devices for optogenetic studies of individual and social behaviors

Yiyuan Yang et al.

Summary: The authors introduce advanced technology for controlled wireless light delivery in optogenetics applications with real-time user programming capacity, demonstrating utility in inducing neural synchrony to modify social behavior in mice. Engineering studies of optoelectronic and thermal properties define capabilities and key design considerations of the wireless optogenetic platforms, highlighting the power of real-time subject-specific programmability.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Functionally distinct POMC-expressing neuron subpopulations in hypothalamus revealed by intersectional targeting

Nasim Biglari et al.

Summary: Biglari et al. discovered distinct subgroups of POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus, each with unique molecular signatures and regulatory functions in feeding, revealing new insights into body weight control mechanisms.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Efficient optogenetic silencing of neurotransmitter release with a mosquito rhodopsin

Mathias Mahn et al.

Summary: A mosquito homolog of vertebrate encephalopsin was found to effectively suppress synaptic transmission through a specific signaling pathway, triggering lasting synaptic output inhibition that recovers spontaneously in vitro and in vivo. This discovery opens up new avenues for functional exploration of long-range neuronal circuits in vivo.

NEURON (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

A photoswitchable GPCR-based opsin for presynaptic inhibition

Bryan A. Copits et al.

Summary: This study introduces a GPCR-based opsin called parapinopsin (PPO), which can rapidly and reversibly inhibit the release of glutamate, GABA, and dopamine at presynaptic terminals by coupling with G(i/o) signaling cascades. PPO alters reward behaviors in a time-locked and reversible manner in vivo, filling a significant gap in the neuroscience toolkit for rapid and reversible synaptic inhibition.

NEURON (2021)

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Article Biology

Excitation of medium spiny neurons by 'inhibitory' ultrapotent chemogenetics via shifts in chloride reversal potential

Stephanie C. Gantz et al.

Summary: The study found that the inhibitory function of PSAM(4)-GlyR on D1-MSNs is not as expected, but instead enhances their activity, highlighting potential issues with using chloride conductances to inhibit neurons.

ELIFE (2021)

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Article Biology

Cortical astrocytes independently regulate sleep depth and duration via separate GPCR pathways

Trisha V. Vaidyanathan et al.

Summary: NREM sleep, characterized by slow-wave activity, plays a critical role in functions like learning and memory. The astrocytic network in the cortex may serve as a central hub in controlling distinct features of NREM sleep, with Gi- and Gq-coupled GPCR signaling pathways separately regulating sleep depth and duration.

ELIFE (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Gut-brain communication by distinct sensory neurons differently controls feeding and glucose metabolism

Diba Borgmann et al.

Summary: Distinct gut-innervating sensory neurons play differential roles in controlling feeding and glucoregulation, with some vagal afferents influencing meal termination and glucose tolerance through GLP1R activation, while others mainly regulate hepatic glucose production and normoglycemia through GPR65 expression.

CELL METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

5-HT recruits distinct neurocircuits to inhibit hunger-driven and non-hunger-driven feeding

Yanlin He et al.

Summary: The translation discusses how obesity is primarily caused by consuming excessive calories beyond energetic requirements, while the underlying drivers have not been fully defined. The study found that activating specific neural pathways can regulate different types of feeding behavior, driven by either hunger or non-hunger cues.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Food cue regulation of AGRP hunger neurons guides learning

Janet Berrios et al.

Summary: AGRP-expressing neurons are activated by fasting, causing hunger and motivation to seek and consume food. Eating returns AGRP neuron activity to baseline through rapid sensory detection, slower nutrient response, and restoration of energy balance. A specific circuit mediates food cue inhibition of AGRP neurons, which enhances motivation towards food cues and facilitates learning of food acquisition tasks.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

NTS Prlh overcomes orexigenic stimuli and ameliorates dietary and genetic forms of obesity

Wenwen Cheng et al.

Summary: The study shows that Prlh-expressing NTS neurons can suppress the effects of high-fat diets on body weight in mice, and activation of Prlh(NTs) neurons and overexpression of Prlh in these cells can abolish hyperphagia driven by AgRP neurons, improving obesity in mice deficient in melanocortin signaling or leptin. This suggests that enhancing Prlh-mediated neurotransmission from the NTS can attenuate hypothalamically-driven hyperphagia and obesity, overriding orexigenic signals in the long-term energy balance.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Neurosciences

Side-by-side comparison of the effects of Gq- and Gi-DREADD-mediated astrocyte modulation on intracellular calcium dynamics and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1

Yana van den Herrewegen et al.

Summary: Astrocytes express a variety of GPCRs crucial for synaptic activity regulation. Activation of these receptors can lead to changes in intracellular Ca2+ levels, gliotransmitter release, and bidirectional neuron-astrocyte communication. Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) have been instrumental in uncovering the roles of astrocytes in both normal and pathological conditions. They offer a specific way to target astrocytic signaling pathways, although discrepancies in research findings still exist.

MOLECULAR BRAIN (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Insulin signalling in tanycytes gates hypothalamic insulin uptake and regulation of AgRP neuron activity

Marta Porniece Kumar et al.

Summary: The insulin receptors in tanycytes play a critical role in regulating insulin access to the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, impacting AgRP neuronal activity in response to feeding and contributing to obesity-associated insulin resistance. These receptors are necessary for the orexigenic effects of ghrelin and affect systemic insulin sensitivity. Compared to IR increment Tan mice, normal mice show better AgRP neuronal adaptations and insulin signaling.

NATURE METABOLISM (2021)

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Review Endocrinology & Metabolism

Central nervous system regulation of organismal energy and glucose homeostasis

Martin G. Myers et al.

Summary: The central nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating fuel availability and energy reserves to achieve metabolic homeostasis in both basal and postprandial states. Dysfunction of the central fuel homeostasis system may contribute to the close association between obesity and type 2 diabetes, with the aim of identifying more effective treatment options for these common metabolic disorders.

NATURE METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

A genetic map of the mouse dorsal vagal complex and its role in obesity

Mette Q. Ludwig et al.

Summary: The study indicates that DVC neuronal populations associated with obesity predisposition can suppress feeding, making them potential therapeutic targets for obesity treatment. By activating some of these neuronal populations, feeding in rodents can be decreased, highlighting their importance in regulating energy balance.

NATURE METABOLISM (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A central master driver of psychosocial stress responses in the rat

Naoya Kataoka et al.

SCIENCE (2020)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus neuronal subset regulates blood glucose independently of insulin

Jonathan N. Flak et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Wireless optogenetics protects against obesity via stimulation of non-canonical fat thermogenesis

Kazuki Tajima et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Article Biology

CNGA3 acts as a cold sensor in hypothalamic neurons

Viktor V. Feketa et al.

ELIFE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Distinct roles of parvalbumin and somatostatin interneurons in gating the synchronization of spike times in the neocortex

Hyun Jae Jang et al.

SCIENCE ADVANCES (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Hindbrain Double-Negative Feedback Mediates Palatability-Guided Food and Water Consumption

Rong Gong et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A discrete neuronal circuit induces a hibernation-like state in rodents

Tohru M. Takahashi et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Neurons that regulate mouse torpor

Sinisa Hrvatin et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Hypothalamic Pomc Neurons Innervate the Spinal Cord and Modulate the Excitability of Premotor Circuits

Philip Reinoss et al.

CURRENT BIOLOGY (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Chronic Gq signaling in AgRP neurons does not cause obesity

Sedona N. Ewbank et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

Opposing Ventral Striatal Medium Spiny Neuron Activities Shaped by Striatal Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons during Goal-Directed Behaviors

Keitaro Yoshida et al.

CELL REPORTS (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Violet-light suppression of thermogenesis by opsin 5 hypothalamic neurons

Kevin X. Zhang et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Stimulus-specific hypothalamic encoding of a persistent defensive state

Ann Kennedy et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Compound 21, a two-edged sword with both DREADD-selective and off-target outcomes in rats

Raphael Goutaudier et al.

PLOS ONE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Optogenetic stimulation of the liver-projecting melanocortinergic pathway promotes hepatic glucose production

Eunjin Kwon et al.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2020)

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Review Neurosciences

Viral tools for neuroscience

Alexander R. Nectow et al.

NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE (2020)

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Article Endocrinology & Metabolism

Profound and redundant functions of arcuate neurons in obesity development

Canjun Zhu et al.

NATURE METABOLISM (2020)

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Article Neurosciences

Gi/o protein-coupled receptors inhibit neurons but activate astrocytes and stimulate gliotransmission

Caitlin A. Durkee et al.

GLIA (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

The Paraventricular Hypothalamus Regulates Satiety and Prevents Obesity via Two Genetically Distinct Circuits

Monica M. Li et al.

NEURON (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Hyperactivity with Disrupted Attention by Activation of an Astrocyte Synaptogenic Cue

Jun Nagai et al.

CELL (2019)

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Article Biology

Sustained NPY signaling enables AgRP neurons to drive feeding

Yiming Chen et al.

ELIFE (2019)

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Article Neurosciences

Thermal constraints on in vivo optogenetic manipulations

Scott F. Owen et al.

NATURE NEUROSCIENCE (2019)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genetic Identification of Vagal Sensory Neurons That Control Feeding

Ling Bai et al.

CELL (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Habenular TCF7L2 links nicotine addiction to diabetes

Alexander Duncan et al.

NATURE (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Role of POMC and AgRP neuronal activities on glycaemia in mice

Aykut Gokturk Uner et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic actions of clozapine-N-oxide, clozapine, and compound 21 in DREADD-based chemogenetics in mice

Martin Jendryka et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2019)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Ultrapotent chemogenetics for research and potential clinical applications

Christopher J. Magnus et al.

SCIENCE (2019)

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Article Biochemical Research Methods

Easi-CRISPR for creating knock-in and conditional knockout mouse models using long ssDNA donors

Hiromi Miura et al.

NATURE PROTOCOLS (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

A Neural Circuit for the Suppression of Pain by a Competing Need State

Amber L. Alhadeff et al.

CELL (2018)

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Review Physiology

CHEMOGENETIC TOOLS FOR CAUSAL CELLULAR AND NEURONAL BIOLOGY

Deniz Atasoy et al.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2018)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

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High-efficiency optogenetic silencing with soma-targeted anion-conducting channelrhodopsins

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Kinetics of Endogenous CaMKII Required for Synaptic Plasticity Revealed by Optogenetic Kinase Inhibitor

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Glutamatergic Preoptic Area Neurons That Express Leptin Receptors Drive Temperature-Dependent Body Weight Homeostasis

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Biophysical constraints of optogenetic inhibition at presynaptic terminals

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Functional identification of a neurocircuit regulating blood glucose

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Gs-coupled GPCR signalling in AgRP neurons triggers sustained increase in food intake

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Hunger neurons drive feeding through a sustained, positive reinforcement signal

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Clozapine N-Oxide Administration Produces Behavioral Effects in Long-Evans Rats: Implications for Designing DREADD Experiments

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A New DREADD Facilitates the Multiplexed Chemogenetic Interrogation of Behavior

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Arcuate hypothalamic AgRP and putative POMC neurons show opposite changes in spiking across multiple timescales

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A Parabrachial-Hypothalamic Cholecystokinin Neurocircuit Controls Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia

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Chemogenetic Synaptic Silencing of Neural Circuits Localizes a Hypothalamus→Midbrain Pathway for Feeding Behavior

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Acute and Long-Term Suppression of Feeding Behavior by POMC Neurons in the Brainstem and Hypothalamus, Respectively

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The Inhibitory Circuit Architecture of the Lateral Hypothalamus Orchestrates Feeding

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Optogenetic silencing strategies differ in their effects on inhibitory synaptic transmission

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A toolbox of Cre-dependent optogenetic transgenic mice for light-induced activation and silencing

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Rapid, reversible activation of AgRP neurons drives feeding behavior in mice

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High-efficiency channelrhodopsins for fast neuronal stimulation at low light levels

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An Improved Ivermectin-activated Chloride Channel Receptor for Inhibiting Electrical Activity in Defined Neuronal Populations

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Linking Genetically Defined Neurons to Behavior through a Broadly Applicable Silencing Allele

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Hypothalamic CaMKK2 contributes to the regulation of energy balance

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A FLEX switch targets channelrhodopsin-2 to multiple cell types for imaging and long-range circuit mapping

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Insulin action in AgRP-expressing neurons is required for suppression of hepatic glucose production

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