4.4 Article

Repression of autocrine pheromone signaling leads to fusaric acid over-production

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Summary: Fusaric acid (FA), a secondary metabolite found in phytopathogenic fungi, has toxic effects on plants, rhizobacteria, fungi, and animals, and is involved in plant and animal pathogenesis. This study investigated the factors affecting FA production in Fusarium oxysporum (Fol), including nitrogen sources, iron content, extracellular pH, and cellular signaling pathways. The results showed that the nitrogen source, extracellular pH, and iron availability influenced FA production, with alkaline pH and iron limitation promoting FA production, while acidic pH and iron sufficiency repressed it. Additionally, the cell wall integrity (CWI) MAPK pathway positively regulated FA production, while the iron homeostasis transcriptional regulator HapX inhibited it. These findings provide new insights into FA biosynthesis regulation and can be utilized to prevent Fol infection and toxin contamination.

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