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Targeting NLRP3 inflammasome for neurodegenerative disorders

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The involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in CUMS-induced AD-like pathological changes and related cognitive decline in mice

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Hyperoside suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome in Parkinson's disease via Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide

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CB1R-stabilized NLRP3 inflammasome drives antipsychotics cardiotoxicity

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Bafilomycin A1 enhances NLRP3 inflammasome activation in human monocytes independent of lysosomal acidification

Shi Yu et al.

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Recruitment of pro-IL-1α to mitochondrial cardiolipin, via shared LC3 binding domain, inhibits mitophagy and drives maximal NLRP3 activation

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Kun Li et al.

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p38-TFEB pathways promote microglia activation through inhibiting CMA-mediated NLRP3 degradation in Parkinson's disease

Jialong Chen et al.

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HMGB1 mediates cognitive impairment caused by the NLRP3 inflammasome in the late stage of traumatic brain injury

Si-Wei Tan et al.

Summary: The study found that the continuous activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and release of HMGB1 are closely related to cognitive impairment in the late stage of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibition of HMGB1 improved long-term potentiation reduction and cognitive function by reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This provides insights into the mechanism of cognitive dysfunction progression in TBI.

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NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasomes are up-regulated in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and may contribute to overexpression of caspase-1 and IL-β in sclerotic hippocampi

Eliana Cristina de Brito Toscano et al.

Summary: In patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, up-regulation of NLRP1 and NLRP3 in sclerotic hippocampi is associated with elevated levels of IL-1 beta and caspase-1, while increased levels of peripheral caspase-1 are related to bilateral hippocampal sclerosis. The findings suggest a role for inflammasome activation in both central and peripheral inflammation in TLE.

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The deubiquitinase STAMBP modulates cytokine secretion through the NLRP3 inflammasome

Joseph S. Bednash et al.

Summary: STAM-binding protein (STAMBP) has been identified as a negative regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome, limiting excessive inflammasome activation and reducing injurious IL-1 beta signaling through a non-degradative ubiquitination mechanism.

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Inflammasome in ALS Skeletal Muscle: NLRP3 as a Potential Biomarker

Leticia Moreno-Garcia et al.

Summary: The study indicated significant alterations in NLRP3 inflammasome gene and protein levels in the skeletal muscle of SOD1G93A mice, with a positive correlation between Nlrp3 transcriptional levels and longevity. NLRP3 mRNA levels were elevated in the blood of ALS patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting a potential role of NLRP3 in ALS pathogenesis in skeletal muscle.

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NLRP3 phosphorylation in its LRR domain critically regulates inflammasome assembly

Tingting Niu et al.

Summary: Activation of Nlrp3 inflammasome requires recruitment of Nek7 for ASC speck formation. The phosphorylation status of NLRP3 S803 controls this recruitment, playing a crucial role in inflammasome assembly. These findings suggest that targeting NLRP3 S803 phosphorylation may be a potential strategy for controlling inflammasome-related inflammatory responses.

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Sevoflurane Promotes Neurodegeneration Through Inflammasome Formation in APP/PS1 Mice

Guohua Li et al.

Summary: The study revealed that SEVO exposure significantly impaired spatial reference memory, sensorimotor, and cognitive function in mice. Mechanistically, SEVO induced the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to neurodegeneration.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

P2X7 receptor/NLRP3 inflammasome complex and α-synuclein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: a prospective study in neo-diagnosed, treatment-naive Parkinson's disease

Anna Solini et al.

Summary: Newly diagnosed PD patients exhibit systemic overexpression of the P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome platform, likely regulating cellular α-synuclein content, which is significantly reduced after a year of PD treatment. This inflammatory platform may be mediated by impaired JNK phosphorylation and undergoes epigenetic regulation by miR-7 and miR-30.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Soluble α-synuclein-antibody complexes activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in hiPSC-derived microglia

Dorit Trudler et al.

Summary: Parkinson's disease is associated with the accumulation of alpha-synuclein and activation of microglia, potentially leading to neuronal death. This study shows that alpha-synuclein can activate NLRP3 inflammasome in human microglia and that alpha-synuclein-antibody complexes can exacerbate inflammation in a human context.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Intracerebral Injection of Heme Induces Lipid Peroxidation, Neuroinflammation, and Sensorimotor Deficits

Luiz Ricardo C. Vasconcellos et al.

Summary: The study established a model in mice for intrastriatal heme injection, causing lipid peroxidation, neuroinflammation, and sensorimotor deficits. Heme induced brain damage and reactive astrogliosis, along with behavior deficits. NLRP3 was found to play a role in heme-induced behavior deficits in this model.

STROKE (2021)

Article Neurosciences

The P2X7 Receptor in Microglial Cells Modulates the Endolysosomal Axis, Autophagy, and Phagocytosis

Keith E. Campagno et al.

Summary: The P2X(7) receptor modulates the clearance of extracellular debris by microglial cells and mediates lysosomal damage that can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Gasdermin E permits interleukin-1 beta release in distinct sublytic and pyroptotic phases

Bowen Zhou et al.

Summary: Gasdermin E (GSDME) functions as an independent conduit for interleukin-1b (IL-1b) release in cellular inflammasome activation, regardless of its cell death ability. Our study reveals that both NLRP3 and NLRP1 inflammasomes depend on both gasdermins for IL-1b processing and release, apart from their ability to induce cell lysis.

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Article Neurosciences

Inflammatory Responses to Monomeric and Aggregated α-Synuclein in Peripheral Blood of Parkinson Disease Patients

Federica Piancone et al.

Summary: While alpha-syn did not activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, neuroinflammation in PD patients may be related to an imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE (2021)

Article Clinical Neurology

Riluzole, a glutamate modulator, slows cerebral glucose metabolism decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease

Dawn C. Matthews et al.

Summary: This study evaluated the potential efficacy and safety of riluzole in patients with Alzheimer's disease compared to placebo using neuroimaging biomarkers, showing that riluzole-treated participants had better preserved cerebral glucose metabolism compared to placebo group, with positive correlation between cognitive performance and regional cerebral glucose metabolism, as well as potential engagement of the glutamatergic system by riluzole in the posterior cingulate. These findings support further powered, longer duration studies of riluzole as a potential intervention for Alzheimer's disease.
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Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation upon TLR2 and TLR5 Ligation by Distinct α-Synuclein Assemblies

Hannah Scheiblich et al.

Summary: Research has shown that microglia react differently to various forms of α-syn, with NLRP3 inflammasome playing a crucial role in this process, and NLRP3 inhibition can improve the clearance efficiency of α-syn oligomers.

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TBK1 and IKKe act like an OFF switch to limit NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation

Fabian A. Fischer et al.

Summary: The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated by multiple mechanisms, including a posttranslational phospho-switch described in this study. This phospho-switch involves the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) as an ON switch and the kinases TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and I-kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKKe) as an OFF switch. Understanding these regulatory mechanisms could provide new insights for disease interventions related to NLRP3 activation.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2021)

Article Cell Biology

Proteopathic tau primes and activates interleukin-1β via myeloid-cell-specific MyD88-and NLRP3-ASC-inflammasome pathway

Shanya Jiang et al.

Summary: Pathological hyperphosphorylation and aggregation of tau, along with neuroinflammation driven by IL-1 beta, are key features of tauopathies. Research shows that pTau primes and activates IL-1 beta through MyD88- and NLRP3-ASC-dependent pathways in myeloid cells, including microglia, leading to tau pathology and cognitive dysfunction.

CELL REPORTS (2021)

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Aggregated Tau-PHF6 (VQIVYK) Potentiates NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression and Autophagy in Human Microglial Cells

Chinmaya Panda et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates that aggregated PHF6 peptide upregulates NLRP3 inflammasome expression and induces IL-1β and IL-18 expression in HMC3 cells, as well as affecting other inflammation and microglial polarization markers. Furthermore, the aggregated PHF6 also influences Beclin-1 expression and autophagy in a time-dependent manner. Overall, the study provides insights into the complex interplay between Alzheimer's PHF6 peptide aggregation and microglial inflammation, polarization, and autophagy.
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2,5-hexanedione induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neurotoxicity through NADPH oxidase-dependent pathway

Ruixue Huang et al.

Summary: Chronic exposure to n-hexane can cause sensorimotor neuropathy mediated by the toxic metabolite 2,5-hexanedione. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome has been associated with various neurodegenerative diseases, and in this study, it was found that HD-induced neurotoxicity involves the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Inhibition of NADPH oxidase can mitigate the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent neurodegeneration, suggesting a critical role of NADPH oxidase-dependent activation of microglial NLRP3 inflammasome in HD-induced neurotoxicity.

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