Fever of Unknown Origin

Article Immunology

Fever of Unknown Origin and Incidence of Cancer

Kirstine K. Sogaard et al.

Summary: Patients with fever of unknown origin have a higher risk of cancer within 1 to <12 months, but the incidence decreases over time, suggesting improvements in the initial diagnostic workup.

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Fever of Unknown Origin

Ghady Haidar et al.

Summary: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) refers to a fever higher than 38.3 degrees C on several occasions during at least 3 weeks with uncertain diagnosis after a number of obligatory tests. Infection, neoplasm, and noninfectious inflammatory diseases are the most common causes, but up to 50% of cases remain undiagnosed. FDG-PET is a commonly used diagnostic method that can detect malignancy, inflammation, and infection. However, it does not seem to contribute to a final diagnosis in patients with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Article Immunology

The Application of Whole-Exome Sequencing in Patients With FUO

Wanru Guo et al.

Summary: The study found that the use of whole exome sequencing in patients with FUO can improve genetic diagnosis and treatment. In this study, positive results were found in 7 out of 15 sequenced samples, involving eight different genes.

FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)-A Call for New Research Standards and Updated Clinical Management

William F. Wright et al.

Summary: Fever of unknown origin refers to prolonged fever of at least 3 weeks' duration, with a temperature of 38.3 degrees C or higher, that remains unexplained after preliminary investigations. Recent advancements in diagnosis, management, and diagnostic testing have prompted a revision of the definition and approaches to fever of unknown origin. The updated definition includes a lower temperature threshold and revised minimum testing criteria, providing a solid foundation for clinicians and future research.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2022)

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Review Medicine, General & Internal

Prospective Studies Comparing Structured vs Nonstructured Diagnostic Protocol Evaluations Among Patients With Fever of Unknown Origin A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

William F. Wright et al.

Summary: This study analyzed the differences in diagnostic outcomes among patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) undergoing structured or non-structured diagnostic methods. The systematic review and meta-analysis found that structured diagnostic protocols did not significantly improve the rate of achieving a diagnosis compared to non-structured protocols. Clinicians should consider geographical disease prevalence when evaluating patients with FUO.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2022)

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Review Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging

Optimal use of the FDG-PET/CT in the diagnostic process of fever of unknown origin (FUO): a comprehensive review

Ryogo Minamimoto

Summary: This review presents the application of FDG-PET/CT in diagnosing the cause of fever of unknown origin, including diagnostic performance, test protocols, possible factors influencing the diagnostic result, outcomes, and cost-effectiveness.

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Immunology

Geographic Influence Upon Noninfectious Diseases Accounting for Fever of Unknown Origin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

William F. Wright et al.

Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis reveals that there are variations in noninfectious disease diagnostic outcomes for fever of unknown origin (FUO) based on World Health Organization-defined geographical regions. Evaluating FUO should take into account local variations in disease prevalence. Geographical location influences the diagnoses of noninfectious inflammatory disorders, with the highest prevalence in the Western Pacific region, and cancer, with the highest prevalence in the Eastern Mediterranean region.

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2022)

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Review Microbiology

Use of Quantitative Metagenomics Next-Generation Sequencing to Confirm Fever of Unknown Origin and Infectious Disease

Yuxin Dong et al.

Summary: Fever of unknown origin (FUO) refers to a body temperature >38.3 degrees C that lasts >= 3 weeks and lacks a clear diagnosis after 1 week of standard hospital examination and treatment. The main causes of FUO are infections, hematological diseases, autoimmune diseases, and other non-infectious inflammatory diseases. In recent years, quantitative metagenomics next-generation sequencing (Q-mNGS) has been widely used to detect pathogenic microorganisms, especially rare or new pathogens.

FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Metabolomics in infectious diseases and drug discovery

Vivian Tounta et al.

Summary: Metabolomics is a valuable tool used in conjunction with genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics to understand host-pathogen interactions at the small-molecule level. Its main applications include prognostic and diagnostic purposes, as well as the discovery of druggable metabolic enzymes and regulators, and elucidation of metabolic mechanisms.

MOLECULAR OMICS (2021)

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Review Infectious Diseases