A modified creep model for rock considering hardening and damage

Rock creep is the result of the combined effects of many environmental conditions, such as temperature and moisture, and internal hardening and damage. In this study, we introduce a creep parameter that accounts for the joint effect of hardening and damage by using a dashpot in the Nishihara model. A modified creep model is established by connecting this dashpot to the modified Nishihara model. The modeling results agree well with the experimental creep data. The model resolves the shortcomings of the conventional spider model in describing the accelerated creep properties. The creep instantaneous model can describe the creep curve and the hardening-damage characteristics of the creep process.

Automated summary

Rock creep is influenced by various environmental conditions and internal hardening and damage. This study introduces a creep parameter that considers the joint effect of hardening and damage using a dashpot in the Nishihara model. A modified creep model is established by connecting this dashpot to the modified Nishihara model, and it accurately predicts experimental creep data. The model overcomes the limitations of conventional spider models in describing accelerated creep properties and accurately describes creep curve and hardening-damage characteristics.