Optimal control theory of an age-structured coronavirus disease model and the dynamical analysis of the underlying ordinary differential equation model having constant parameters

This paper addresses the dynamics of COVID-19 using the approach of age-structured modeling. A particular case of the model is presented by taking into account age-free parameters. The sub-model consisting of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is investigated for possible equilibria, and qualitative aspects of the model are rigorously presented. In order to control the spread of the disease, we considered two age- and time-dependent non-pharmaceutical control measures in the age-structured model, and an optimal control problem using a general maximum principle of Pontryagin type is achieved. Finally, sample simulations are plotted which support our theoretical work.

Automated summary

This paper investigates the dynamics of COVID-19 using age-structured modeling approach. A specific case of the model is presented by incorporating age-independent parameters. The sub-model, consisting of ordinary differential equations, is studied for possible equilibria and the qualitative aspects of the model are rigorously presented. Two age- and time-dependent non-pharmaceutical control measures are considered in the age-structured model to control the spread of the disease, and an optimal control problem is solved using a general maximum principle of Pontryagin type. Sample simulations are then plotted to support the theoretical work.