☆ 4.7 Review

Shape memory alloy actuators for haptic wearables: A review

MATERIALS & DESIGN (2023)

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An audio-tactile interface based on dielectric elastomer actuators

Sebastian Gratz-Kelly et al.

Summary: This paper introduces a concept of a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) user interface (smart button) that can detect a user's touch and provide multi-sensory tactile and acoustic feedbacks through a single electrical input signal. The DEA utilizes a multi-layer layout, with one layer detecting user-driven deformations and the remaining layers providing actuation. By exciting different vibration modes of the same active membrane over different frequency ranges, combined tactile and acoustic feedbacks are produced. The system presented in this paper offers improved sensing performance and integration, specifically optimized for user-interaction applications.

SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES (2023)

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Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Design and experimental study of a flexible finger rehabilitation robot driven by shape memory alloy

Kexin Zuo et al.

Summary: In this paper, a flexible finger rehabilitation robot driven by shape memory alloy wire was proposed and equipped with a range extender of shape memory alloy wire wiring. The structural design was optimized by exploring the movement mechanism of the finger joint to imitate the normal motion function of the human finger. The prototype of the finger rehabilitation robot was made and tested, showing a maximum joint angle of about 85% of healthy individuals when driven by a 20V voltage, successfully assisting patients in grasping daily objects and meeting the basic requirements of finger rehabilitation.

MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2023)

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Article Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence

Design of a SMA-based soft composite structure for wearable rehabilitation gloves

Qiaolian Xie et al.

Summary: This paper studies the application of smart soft composite structure based shape memory alloy (SMA) and exoskeleton technology for wearable rehabilitation gloves, and explores the bionic driving mechanism. A soft wearable glove (Glove-SSCS) actuated by the SSCS is proposed, which can support five-finger flexion and extension and weighs only 120 g. The performance of SMA materials is tested, and the human-exoskeleton coupling model of Glove-SSCS is established and analyzed. The results show that Glove-SSCS can realize bidirectional movements of fingers flexion and extension with a suitable temperature range.

FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS (2023)

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Article Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications

Exploring shape memory alloys in haptic wearables for visually impaired people

Sepideh Ghodrat et al.

Summary: Wearable haptic assistive devices can provide tactile information to visually impaired people for independent living. However, electromechanical haptic feedback has drawbacks such as heavy hardware, large size, and excessive sound. This research investigates the potential of shape memory alloy-based haptic feedback for visually impaired individuals, utilizing a design-driven approach and iterative prototyping to address challenges and provide insights into the use of SMA-based devices.

FRONTIERS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Engineering, Biomedical

Design and Evaluation of a Bidirectional Soft Glove for Hand Rehabilitation-Assistance Tasks

Jianwei Lai et al.

Summary: Soft pneumatic gloves have potential in assisting stroke patients with hand dysfunction. This article introduces a hybrid actuator combining a silicone flexion actuator and a shape memory alloy (SMA) springs extension actuator. The actuator's critical parameters and material were optimized using finite element modeling, and a water-cooling structure was added to the SMA spring actuator for improved performance. The hybrid actuator showed increased force output and was successfully integrated into a soft glove for use in stroke patient trials, resulting in improved finger bending angles and increased friction.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL ROBOTICS AND BIONICS (2023)

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Article Engineering, Mechanical

Design of a soft bionic elbow exoskeleton based on shape memory alloy spring actuators

Qiaolian Xie et al.

Summary: Shape memory alloy (SMA) is an active deformation material similar to human muscles that produces force and displacement through phase changes caused by temperature changes. This study introduces a novel soft bionic elbow exoskeleton (Sobee-SMA) that combines SMA spring actuators and a high-elastic-material rubber band to mimic the contraction and relaxation of elbow skeletal muscles. The exoskeleton achieves elbow-assisted motion and ensures the safety of the heating process.

MECHANICAL SCIENCES (2023)

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A lightweight variable stiffness knee exoskeleton driven by shape memory alloy

Jiaqi Zhang et al.

Summary: This paper investigates the use of shape memory alloys as a variable stiffness drive source for knee exoskeletons. A dynamic model is constructed and the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach are confirmed.

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Gaoyu Liu et al.

Summary: Magnetorheological (MR) fluid, with its ability to change rheological properties reversibly through applied magnetic field, offers numerous advantages and opportunities in medical applications. This review article systematically examines the progress of MR fluid in medical applications over the past two decades, with a focus on six categories: lower limb prosthesis, exoskeleton, orthosis, rehabilitation device, haptic master, and tactile display.

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Connected Through Mediated Social Touch: Better Than a Like on Facebook. A Longitudinal Explorative Field Study Among Geographically Separated Romantic Couples

Martijn T. van Hattum et al.

Summary: Research on mediated communication via social touch has significantly increased in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the effects of mediated social touch on geographically separated romantic couples in a naturalistic setting over a longer period of time. The results showed that using haptic bracelets enhanced social connectedness among the couples but did not affect their longing for touch.

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Textiles

Variable Shape and Stiffness Feedback System for VR Gloves Using SMA Textile Actuator

SangUn Kim et al.

Summary: Virtual reality systems using shape memory alloy (SMA) technology were developed to provide feedback on different shapes and stiffness when touching virtual objects. By utilizing SMA textile actuators on gloves, various shape feedback and stiffness levels were achieved based on the number of actuators operating. The system was verified by matching feedback points with sensing points on virtual finger joints, demonstrating the effectiveness of the system.

FIBERS AND POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Computer Science, Cybernetics

Perceptions of visual and multimodal symbolic mediated social touch: Role of technology modality, relationship, and task emotional salience

Svetlana Yarosh et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of mediated social touch technologies in different contexts. Overall, a mediated social touch system without haptics performed well on most measures. However, haptics may offer some benefits for high-emotional salience tasks in terms of expressiveness and task load.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES (2022)

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Review Engineering, Biomedical

The role of NiTi shape memory alloys in quality of life improvement through medical advancements: A comprehensive review

Viswajith S. Nair et al.

Summary: The extensive use of advanced smart materials in present day devices and instruments, particularly shape memory alloys (SMAs) with their unique properties, has significantly impacted the biomedical field and improved the quality of life.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE (2022)

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ANISMA: A Prototyping Toolkit to Explore Haptic Skin Deformation Applications Using Shape-Memory Alloys

Moritz Alexander Messerschmidt et al.

Summary: This article presents ANISMA, a software and hardware toolkit for prototyping on-skin haptic devices. The toolkit utilizes shape-memory alloys to generate various skin deformation stimuli and incorporates expert knowledge to make it more accessible for researchers in human-computer interaction. The toolkit provides design, programming, and verification functions, as well as the ability to export and print the layout of the haptic devices on the skin, offering convenience for researchers and designers.

ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER-HUMAN INTERACTION (2022)

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Highly bendable ionic electroactive polymer actuator based on carboxylated bacterial cellulose by doping with MWCNT

Fan Wang et al.

Summary: In this study, a novel ionic electroactive actuator based on carboxylated bacterial cellulose is reported, which exhibits superior electro-chemo-mechanical properties due to the interaction of ionic liquid, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and PEDOT: PSS electrodes. The actuator demonstrates large bending deformation, low actuation voltage, excellent actuation durability, high Young's modulus, and specific capacitance.

APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING (2022)

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Interpersonal Haptic Communication: Review and Directions for the Future

Roope Raisamo et al.

Summary: This article presents a review of interpersonal haptic communication, discussing its current state, emerging research themes, and societal impact and ethical aspects.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES (2022)

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Review Chemistry, Analytical

Shape Memory Alloy-Based Wearables: A Review, and Conceptual Frameworks on HCI and HRI in Industry 4.0

Rupal Srivastava et al.

Summary: This article introduces the applications of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) in smart wearables and human-robot interaction, and proposes innovative conceptual frameworks and practical cases. The focus of the research is on the integration of SMA technology with the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) to minimize risks for workers/users in industrial environments.

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Proceedings Paper Computer Science, Cybernetics

SM-EXO: Shape Memory alloy-based Hand EXOskeleton for Cobotic Application

Rupal Srivastava et al.

Summary: This paper proposes a smart glove using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) integrated sensing mechanism for gesture recognition. The tension in the SMA wires upon finger bending is measured and used as commands for actuating interactive toys. This novel smart glove provides a portable and simplified alternative for non-portable and complex smart gloves, and can assist in interactive play and cognitive development in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

2022 31ST IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOT AND HUMAN INTERACTIVE COMMUNICATION (IEEE RO-MAN 2022) (2022)

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Review Automation & Control Systems

Soft Actuator Materials for Electrically Driven Haptic Interfaces

Ankit et al.

Summary: Haptics, involving human touch sensing and tactile feedback, plays a crucial role in physical interactions. There is growing interest in the development of haptic technologies for various applications. Electrically driven soft actuators hold potential for the next generation of haptic feedback devices due to advantages such as light weight and large actuation strains.

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Wearable Soft Technologies for Haptic Sensing and Feedback

Jessica Yin et al.

Summary: Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) systems have gained widespread attention due to increased accessibility and functionality, however, critical challenges such as the rigid and cumbersome form factor of current technology hinder seamless integration into everyday life and various applications. Innovations in soft materials offer potential solutions to this challenge, providing greater compatibility with the human body for a more natural VR/AR experience.

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Summary: Tele-haptics technology is emerging as a future of the VR/AR industry, enabling human-to-human interactions beyond traditional VR/AR interactions. Active materials play a significant role in haptic innovations, addressing the needs and challenges for current and future VR/AR technologies.

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Development of Embedded Sensor System for 5-DOF Finger-Wearable Tactile Interface

Byeongkyu Lim et al.

Summary: This study successfully developed an embedded sensor system for the finger-wearable tactile interface HaptiCube, improving its working performance and usability in virtual environments. The experimentally verified sensor system and controller enhancements demonstrate the selective stimulation of 5-DOF tactile feedback and the device's effectiveness in virtual scenarios.

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Review Neurosciences

Social and affective touch in primates and its role in the evolution of social cohesion

Nina G. Jablonski

Summary: Social touch plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining social alliances in primates, contributing to emotional stability and cohesion within social groups. It is essential for normal primate development, and individuals deprived of social touch experience higher levels of anxiety and reduced fertility.

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A Soft Haptic Glove Actuated with Shape Memory Alloy and Flexible Stretch Sensors

Silvia Terrile et al.

Summary: Haptic technology enhances virtual reality experiences, and the development of a soft haptic glove allows for more natural kinesthetic perception of hand movements. Testing of the glove showed satisfactory results in terms of both functionality and user comfort.

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Tigmanshu Bhatnagar et al.

Summary: The method discussed in the paper utilizes shape changing materials to transform a thin monolithic sheet of Nitinol into a passive reconfigurable tactile pixel array at Braille resolution, demonstrating a unique opportunity for design. Each pixel can be selectively actuated with an external source of heat, rising 0.4mm vertically and having the ability for repeatable actuation.

2021 IEEE WORLD HAPTICS CONFERENCE (WHC) (2021)

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Accurate position control of shape memory alloy actuation using displacement feedback and self-sensing system

Ermira Junita Abdullah et al.

Summary: Two techniques were proposed for accurate position control: position feedback system and self-sensing SMA actuation system. The position feedback system showed faster time response and higher accuracy, but with higher cost due to the use of laser displacement. On the other hand, the self-sensing SMA actuation system had slower time response and accuracy below 90%, which could be improved by providing tension.

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