期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
卷 82, 期 10, 页码 1030-1038出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.05.070
关键词
athlete; cardiovascular remodeling; female; physical activity
This article discusses the impact of sex on cardiovascular adaptations and outcomes related to exercise, highlighting the importance of understanding these differences. It also addresses the underrepresentation of female participants in research and identifies key areas for future research.
Routine exercise leads to cardiovascular adaptations that differ based on sex. Use of cardiac testing to screen athletes has driven research to define how these sex-based adaptations manifest on the electrocardiogram and cardiac imaging. Importantly, sex-based differences in cardiovascular structure and outcomes in athletes often parallel findings in the general population, underscoring the importance of understanding their mechanisms. Substantial gaps exist in the understanding of why cardiovascular adaptations and outcomes related to exercise differ by sex because of underrepresentation of female participants in research. As female sports participation rates have increased dramatically over several decades, it also remains unknown if differences observed in older athletes reflect biological mechanisms vs less lifetime access to sports in females. In this review, we will assess the effect of sex on cardiovascular adaptations and outcomes related to exercise, identify the impact of sex hormones on exercise performance, and highlight key areas for future research. (J Am Coll Cardiol 2023;82:1030-1038) (c) 2023 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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