期刊
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
卷 41, 期 21, 页码 6735-6740出版社
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2023.3294396
关键词
Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Apertures; Oxidation; Distributed Bragg reflectors; Claddings; Threshold current; Performance evaluation; High-order modes; mode expansion; single-mode VCSEL
In this article, a method is proposed to achieve single mode output by adjusting the modes of VCSEL. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of this approach and a single-mode VCSEL with a high side-mode suppression ratio and low threshold current is obtained.
In this article, we propose a method of realizing single mode VCSEL by expanding its higher order transverse mode more out of its gain region, while maintaining its fundamental mode inside. This will result in less optical gain for the VCSEL's higher order mode than that for its fundamental mode, and then result in the single mode output of the VCSEL. A Top Cavity and a Bottom Cavity are introduced into VCSEL's top and bottom DBR respectively to achieve this purpose. The mode expansion phenomenon is verified by simulation, and the VCSEL is fabricated. Finally, a single-mode VCSEL with a side-mode suppression ratio greater than 40 dB, a threshold current of 0.5 mA, and a maximum output power of 0.27 mW is obtained.
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