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Article
Transplantation
Borja Quiroga et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the humoral response and effectiveness of the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccines in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The fourth dose increased antibody levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis and non-dialysis CKD patients, and seroconverted previously negative patients. However, CKD patients with lower pre-booster antibody titres or kidney transplant recipients derived the least benefit in terms of antibody levels.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Meredith E. Davis-Gardner et al.
Summary: One or two monovalent vaccine boosters resulted in a significant decrease in neutralization activity against omicron subvariants. The BA.5-containing bivalent booster improved neutralizing activity against all omicron subvariants.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anne Weiss et al.
Summary: Immunocompromised patients, including dialysis and kidney transplant patients, have faced an increased risk of mortality due to COVID-19 despite available countermeasures. Additional protection measures are necessary for this vulnerable population.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Luca Huth et al.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Harold J. Manley et al.
Summary: The effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the immunogenicity threshold for protection against COVID-19-related hospitalization or death in the dialysis population are uncertain. This retrospective observational study found that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in maintenance dialysis patients was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis and related hospitalization or death. Among vaccinated patients, those with lower levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies had higher rates of infection and worse COVID-19-related outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
David S. Khoury et al.
Summary: Multiple studies have demonstrated a correlation between neutralizing antibody levels and protection from COVID-19, estimating the relationship between the two. However, estimates of the required level of neutralizing antibodies for protection vary across these studies. By normalizing antibody titers, it has been found that there is a consistent relationship between antibody levels and protection from COVID-19. This finding is crucial for future vaccine planning, assessing population immunity, and mitigating the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Caroline M. Hsu et al.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuchi Anand et al.
Summary: This prospective study followed 4791 patients receiving dialysis and found that the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination decreased rapidly 5 to 6 months after vaccination, and was associated with risk for breakthrough infection. The occurrence of breakthrough infections was related to low RBD antibody levels.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Caroline M. Hsu et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the antibody response over time in patients receiving maintenance dialysis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The study found that patients with a history of COVID-19 had a decline in antibody titers over time. Different vaccine types had varying rates of decline in antibody titers, with Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen) showing the lowest response.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Scott Sibbel et al.
Summary: A retrospective observational study in the United States found that vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 in hemodialysis patients was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, and death. Nearly all vaccinated patients developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Pablo Garcia et al.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Khalil El Karoui et al.
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant negative impacts on dialysis patients, increasing their risk of infection and mortality. Vaccination can provide partial protection against infection and severe disease, but immune responses in these patients may be suboptimal. Booster doses and primary prophylaxis strategies may be necessary for persistent poor vaccine responses. Specific therapeutic strategies for established COVID-19 in dialysis patients need further investigation.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Niko Kohmer et al.
Summary: The efficacy of a booster dose of mRNA-1273 was determined in dialysis patients who had previously received two doses of BNT162b2. The results showed that the booster dose significantly increased the level of SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies in almost all patients, providing virus-neutralizing quantities of antibodies.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica Bassi et al.
Summary: Patients on dialysis are at a higher risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. A study analyzing plasma samples from dialysis patients vaccinated with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccines found that a significant proportion of patients had low or undetectable levels of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S). Neutralizing antibodies against the vaccine-matched SARS-CoV-2 and Delta variant were also low or undetectable in a large percentage of patients. The reduced neutralizing activity correlated with low antibody avidity and a rapid decay of the antibody response over time. This suggests that dialysis patients should receive additional vaccine boosts and their antibody response should be continuously monitored.
Article
Immunology
Jan-Stephan F. Sanders et al.
Summary: In kidney patients, the immunogenicity, tolerability, and safety of COVID-19 vaccination vary. Kidney transplant recipients have a poor immune response, while patients with CKD G4/5 and those on dialysis have a comparable response to the control group. Dialysis patients and transplant recipients experience fewer adverse events after vaccination.
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Pablo Garcia et al.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Hui Tang et al.
Summary: Maintenance hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of mortality and prolonged virus shedding period in the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Advanced age, decreased oxygen saturation, low diastolic blood pressure on admission, and complications like acute cardiac injury are independently associated with poor prognosis.
SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Csaba P. Kovesdy
Summary: Chronic kidney disease affects over 800 million individuals worldwide, especially prevalent in older individuals, women, racial minorities, and people with diabetes and hypertension. It has become a major cause of mortality globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL SUPPLEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sammy Patyna et al.
Summary: A study investigated the long-term effect of two doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients receiving chronic intermittent hemodialysis (CIHD). The results showed a moderate immune response after the second dose, but significantly decreasing antibody levels and less than half of the study group showed neutralizing antibodies after six months. Booster vaccines dramatically increased the immune response, with response rates of 89.2% for antibody levels and 94.6% for neutralizing antibodies. In a subgroup with no or low response, there was a failure of corresponding T cell response after the booster vaccine. Regular testing of neutralizing antibodies and consecutive booster vaccinations are strongly recommended for CIHD patients to provide stronger and persistent immunity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Becky Mingyao Ma et al.
Summary: Patients on renal replacement therapy, especially kidney transplant recipients, showed significantly reduced antibody response after receiving two doses of COVID-19 vaccine. The use of mycophenolate was negatively associated with seropositivity.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yves Dimitrov et al.
Summary: Most chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance haemodialysis show detectable or protective antibody response after receiving mRNA vaccines. Older age, treatment with immunosuppressants or oral anticoagulants, and low serum albumin are the main factors associated with inadequate humoral response.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Virology
Patrick Affeldt et al.
Summary: This study investigated the immune response to a third or fourth dose of mRNA vaccine in dialysis and kidney transplant patients. It found that patients with impaired immune function had a poorer immune response to the vaccine, especially against the new omicron variants. Modified vaccines targeting the omicron variant are needed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hannah G. Rosenblum et al.
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daichi Yamasoba et al.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xiuhong Yang et al.
Summary: In dialysis patients, the administration of three doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine significantly increases the overall humoral antibody response rate to 97% and the response rate to four doses reaches 100%. The antibody response rate is 96% for hemodialysis patients and 100% for peritoneal dialysis patients. The third and fourth doses can elevate the antibody response rate to 81% for non-responders after two doses, and 96% for low responders. However, the T-cell response rate only increases to 59% following three doses of the vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Magdalena Piotrowska et al.
Summary: Patients with end-stage renal disease and kidney transplant recipients have a weakened immune response to the COVID-19 vaccine, and two doses of the Pfizer vaccine are ineffective. Further research and clinical guidelines are needed.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giovanni Mosconi et al.
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on dialysis patients. The results showed that vaccination can reduce the risk of infection, clinical severity, and mortality.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georg Beilhack et al.
Summary: In dialysis patients, the humoral response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines declines rapidly over time. This study investigates the persistence of the immune response in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients after a third dose with mRNA-1273 vaccine. The results show that six months after the second dose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies substantially decreased in PD patients, but a third dose induced a robust humoral response.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Borja Quiroga et al.
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a booster vaccine dose and breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections on humoral immunity 3 months after the booster dose in patients on hemodialysis. The results showed that higher titers of anti-Spike antibodies at 9 months were associated with mRNA-1273 booster, lower time from booster, and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Matthias Becker et al.
Summary: Haemodialysis patients have poor response to vaccination, but their immune protection can be improved by receiving a fourth COVID-19 vaccine dose. This study provides longitudinal vaccination response data in dialysis patients and controls after triple BNT162b2 vaccination and subsequent fourth full-dose mRNA-1273 vaccination. The results show that the fourth dose significantly enhances the immune response against various SARS-CoV-2 variants in dialysis patients. Therefore, a four-dose COVID-19 immunisation scheme is recommended for haemodialysis patients to prevent severe COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mitsuru Ichii et al.
Summary: This retrospective observational study investigated the association between vaccination status and severe COVID-19 progression in 100 dialysis patients. The results showed that fully vaccinated patients had a significantly lower rate of progression to severe COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rene Clavero et al.
Summary: The CoronaVac vaccine produces a lower humoral response compared to the BNT162b2 vaccine in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ren Peiyao et al.
Summary: This study investigates the immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients on dialysis. The results show that vaccination helps dialysis patients achieve an immune efficiency of 87%, but may result in adverse events, although the incidence of severe adverse events is very low.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Niranjan Raja et al.
Summary: This study found that patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis had a weak antibody response to the viral vector COVID-19 vaccine.
KIDNEY RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shahab Falahi et al.
Summary: Although the immune response of hemodialysis patients to the second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine is very promising, the seroconversion rate of dialysis patients is lower than healthy controls. Periodically assessment of antibody levels of hemodialysis patients at short intervals is recommended.
HEALTH SCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Laura Semenzato et al.
Summary: Based on data from the national COVID-19 vaccination database and the National Health Data System in France, older age, male gender, social deprivation, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive therapy were found to be associated with an increased risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization or in-hospital death in fully vaccinated individuals.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Julian Stumpf et al.
Summary: Vulnerable dialysis and kidney transplant patients show impaired seroconversion rates and a decline in antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. Factors such as male gender, peritoneal dialysis, short time on dialysis, BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, immunosuppressive drug use, and diabetes mellitus contribute to the decline in antibodies among dialysis patients. Immune monitoring is crucial for identifying the timing of additional booster vaccinations in these populations.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Jens Van Praet et al.
Summary: Patients on hemodialysis exhibit incomplete and delayed humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, with mRNA-1273 vaccine showing greater immunogenicity compared to BNT162b2. Factors such as COVID-19 experience, vaccine type, use of immunosuppressive drugs, and other clinical parameters are independent predictors of immune responses in this population.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ayelet Grupper et al.
Summary: Patients on maintenance hemodialysis showed a significantly lower humoral response following the BNT162b2 vaccine compared to the control group, with age being an important factor in the humoral response.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Claudius Speer et al.
Summary: Patients receiving long-term hemodialysis show a reduced antibody response to the first and second doses of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2. The majority (82%) develop neutralizing antibodies after the second dose but at lower levels than healthy controls.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Shuchi Anand et al.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Julian Stumpf et al.
Summary: The study showed that dialysis patients had a high seroconversion rate after receiving the boost vaccination, while the majority of transplant recipients had impaired humoral responses. The type and number of immunosuppressive drugs, as well as the type of vaccine, were major determinants of seroconversion failure in both dialysis and transplant patients.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
John S. Thurlow et al.
Summary: The global epidemiology of ESKD varies between countries due to unique genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and sociodemographic characteristics. The response to ESKD, particularly regarding KRT, depends on the local disease burden, culture, and socioeconomics. Disparities in access to KRT exist globally, with a treatment gap in LMICs demanding a focus on prevention strategies and affordable KRT options. Achieving global equity in KRT access will require concerted efforts in public policy, health care delivery, workforce capacity, education, research, and support from various organizations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Andrew J. Pollard et al.
Summary: Immunization is vital for public health policy and there are challenges ahead for immunologists in developing new vaccines. Although immunology has not contributed significantly to vaccine development so far, a better understanding of protective immunity is urgently needed to tackle difficult-to-target pathogens.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elizabeth J. Williamson et al.
Review
Allergy
Tara Vinyette Saco et al.
ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Transplantation
P Altieri et al.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2002)
