4.6 Article

Enamel remineralization potential and antimicrobial effect of a fluoride varnish containing calcium strontium silicate

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JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
卷 138, 期 -, 页码 -

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ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104731

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Calcium strontium silicate; Caries; Enamel; Fluoride; Varnish; Bacteria

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The addition of 4% CSR to a NaF varnish significantly enhanced its enamel remineralization and antimicrobial potential with no cytotoxic effect.
Objectives To investigate enamel remineralization and antimicrobial effect of sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish containing calcium strontium silicate (CSR).Methods CSR was synthesized by sol-gel process and incorporated in 5 % NaF varnish at three different concentrations (1 %, 2 %, and 4 % w/v). The treatment/control groups were: 1 % CSR+NaF, 2 % CSR+NaF, 4 % CSR+NaF, NaF, and no treatment. Strontium and fluoride release from the varnishes was evaluated. Sound enamel specimens (n = 6) were demineralized, varnish-treated, and subjected to remineralization cycle. Mineral density of enamel specimens was evaluated using micro-CT. Antimicrobial effect of the varnishes on Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus biofilms was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The HGF-1 cytotoxicity of the varnishes was examined using CCK-8 assay.Results Both 2 % and 4 % CSR+NaF varnishes showed significantly higher F release and remineralization potential than NaF varnish (p < 0.05). Dead bacterial proportion of 4 % CSR+NaF varnish was significantly higher than NaF varnish (p < 0.05). The CFUs values of both S. mutans and L. acidophilus were significantly lower in 4 % CSR+NaF group than NaF group (p < 0.05). No significant difference in cell viability was observed among the groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions Incorporation of 4 % CSR in a NaF varnish significantly enhanced its enamel remineralization and antimicrobial potential with no cytotoxic effect.Clinical significance Dental caries is a major public health problem globally. The study highlights the great potential of CSR-doped NaF varnish as a novel anti-caries agent with synergistic remineralizing and antimicrobial properties to combat early enamel caries lesions in the general population.

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