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Article
Thermodynamics
Alireza Rahbari et al.
Summary: Beneficiation of iron ores is increasingly important due to diminishing high-grade ore reserves and the prevalence of mining wetter ores. This study presents a solar-thermal process for drying iron ores, optimized through techno-economic analysis.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiaxuan Jing et al.
Summary: This study aims to fill the gaps in global solar radiation data by using limited data from 85 meteorological observation stations and routine meteorological data from 2001 stations. The spatial distribution of global solar radiation and diffuse solar radiation is obtained using the Inverse Distance Weighing model. The optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic systems is calculated using the Collares-Pereira and Rabl hourly solar radiation model and the solar radiation on sloped surfaces model. The results show the range of annual global solar radiation and diffuse solar radiation in China, as well as the optimal tilt angle and photovoltaic power generation potential.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Behnaz Rahmatmand et al.
Summary: Blast furnace technology remains the main ironmaking route, accounting for 70% of global share. Reducing fossil carbon consumption and CO2 emissions in blast furnace operations is crucial for decarbonizing steelmaking. Various solutions such as introducing renewable carbon-based materials, using hydrogen-enriched reducing gases, oxygen enrichment, and carbon capture and storage/utilization have been considered. Improving the hydrogen-to-carbon replacement ratio is key to enhancing the sustainability of blast furnace operations. This paper reviews the impact of alternative reducing agents on coke gasification behavior, degradation mechanism, and consumption rate in blast furnaces.
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. Naveen et al.
Summary: Solar technology provides a viable alternative to conventional energy sources, and biomass conversion to high-end products is also seen as a potential energy source. This review explores the applications of solar thermal energy and photovoltaic energy in various thermochemical processes, as well as in the production of biodiesel, bioethanol, biohydrogen, and biomethane. The integration of solar technology into biorefineries, along with techno-economic and life cycle analysis, is discussed. Opportunities and challenges related to solar technology in the bioprocess industry are also highlighted.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bohan Tian et al.
Summary: The effects of different fuel injection indexes in an electric arc furnace heat recovery system were studied. It was found that high-calorific value fuel reduces power consumption more effectively, while hydrogen utilization decreases off-gas emissions and slightly improves heat recovery. Direct use of energy from fuel combustion is more efficient than heat recovery from off-gas, highlighting the importance of increasing energy efficiency. By using large amounts of hydrogen and biomass, near-zero carbon emissions can be achieved in the furnace.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nana Deng et al.
Summary: This paper examines the impact of electricity price reduction policy on the economic activities and carbon emissions of various industries. Through the use of monthly electricity consumption and user data from 2016 to 2019, it is found that the reduction in electricity prices has significantly increased industrial electricity consumption and users. Heterogeneity analyses demonstrate that the effect is more pronounced in heavily polluted industries and industries located in low and medium GDP regions. Threshold impact analysis reveals that the threshold value for heavily polluted industries is lower than that of general industry and commerce, indicating that heavily polluted industries are more sensitive to electricity prices. Moreover, the reduction in electricity prices leads to a higher proportion of carbon emissions growth in heavily polluted industries. The findings of this study can assist policymakers in accurately assessing the costs and benefits of reducing electricity prices for industrial customers.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongliang Han et al.
Summary: The quality of sinter is crucial in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the blast furnace ironmaking process. The reactions in the sintering bed greatly influence the sinter quality. The formation and fluidity of the initial sinter melt from fines and their interaction with nucleus particles are key reactions for sintering. Understanding the high temperature characteristics of iron ore is essential for producing strong and reducible sinter. This study examined the effects of adhering fines and nucleus particles from different ores on the characteristics of initial sinter melt formation, fluidity, penetration, and assimilation through laboratory scale sintering tests. The findings provide valuable information for formulating and optimizing low-cost and low-emission sinter blends.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zeqiu Li et al.
Summary: A regional energy supply system integrating biomass and solar energy has been developed, retrofitting the traditional regional energy supply system. By coupling a solar-driven biomass gasification system, a gas turbine system, and a solar collecting system, the RESCHP system achieves higher energy efficiency. The analysis shows positive economic indicators and reduced CO2 emissions compared to the reference system.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haodong Li et al.
Summary: Sustainable and energy-efficient water purification using solar energy is crucial for addressing water scarcity and pollution. However, the main challenge is the low solar evaporation efficiency of materials. In this study, FeNi nanoalloys encapsulated in graphitic carbon nanofibers were synthesized, resulting in a 2D FeNi3/CNF solar evaporator with high evaporation rate and outstanding solar evaporation efficiency. The cost-effective solar evaporator meets drinking water standards and effectively removes organic industrial dye pollutants.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marzie Karimi et al.
Summary: This research introduces an integrated system for large-scale hydrogen production and liquefaction, using solar energy. The system combines multiple units to produce and liquefy hydrogen. The system has high energy efficiency and performance compared to similar liquefaction cycles. The operational parameters of each subsystem and their effects on the overall system efficiency were also studied.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yongqi Sun et al.
Summary: This article explores the decarbonization potential of the iron and steel industry by recovering energy and recycling materials from waste streams. It suggests that a reduction of 28.5% in CO2 emissions can be achieved through this approach, and proposes using the generated revenue for carbon capture and storage implementation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alla Toktarova et al.
Summary: This study investigates the interactions between a steel industry that applies hydrogen direct reduction (H-DR) and the electricity system of northern Europe. It aims to achieve net-zero emissions from the electricity and steel sectors in Year 2050. The study uses a techno-economic optimization model to minimize costs and meet the demands for electricity and steel. The findings highlight the importance of low-cost electricity availability and the role of wind and solar power in meeting the additional electricity demand from an electrified steel industry.
Article
Thermodynamics
Peng Gao et al.
Summary: This paper proposes a solar-driven refrigeration/cold energy storage system that can effectively solve the problem of delayed precooling of freshly harvested fruits and vegetables in rural regions. It shows high energy efficiency and adaptability.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liangping Xu et al.
Summary: Double-layer sintering can improve the quality and yield of sintered ore by controlling the different basicity layers of the sintering bed, while also saving energy consumption.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yong Wang et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the issue of predicting the development trend of China's clean energy power generation system. It proposes a new prediction model by defining a novel fractional self-adaptive reverse accumulation sequence and combining discrete modeling techniques and time power terms. The Grey Wolf Optimizer is used for parameter optimization. The prediction results show that the model has higher accuracy and applicability, providing relevant suggestions to decision makers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhaoyang Li et al.
Summary: A continuum-based BF process model was developed to study the injection of COG into a commercial scale BF, showing that an increased COG injection rate leads to improved BF performance while decreasing the utilization efficiency of COG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xianmei Liu et al.
Summary: This study evaluates the environmental impact of China's iron and steel industry and explores deep decarbonisation pathways. The blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace process has a significant contribution to global warming potential, while converter negative energy steelmaking technology has the highest energy savings. Technological improvement can significantly reduce CO2 emissions in the industry.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shahab Eslami et al.
Summary: This study presents an effective model for planning and utilizing a district heating system and applies it to a province in Turkey. It predicts the heating load and evaluates suitable regions for establishing district heating systems using machine learning and geographic information system methods. Different scenarios are analyzed to determine the most effective heating solution in terms of economic and environmental aspects.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alessandro Cardarelli et al.
Summary: The most urgent concern for the steel industry is climate change. This study investigated the use of biochar as a substitute for fossil coal in the EAF steelmaking process and developed a CFD model to analyze the combustion reaction.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ning Zhang et al.
Summary: Sintering is a crucial process in iron and steel manufacturing, and the FeO content in sinter is a significant indicator for sintering and blast furnace ironmaking. This research proposes an online measurement method using machine-tailed infrared images and convolutional neural network (CNN) to determine the FeO content. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves a high accuracy and feasibility in detecting FeO content online.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. M. Junedi et al.
Summary: Land utilisation by the solar energy industry and other sectors has become competitive, making space optimisation essential. This article discusses the configurations of integrated photovoltaic systems, including PV-wind, building integrated- or applied- PV, and agrophotovoltaic systems. These systems differ in their electricity generation methods but all aim to reduce emissions and provide economic benefits.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Maryam K. Abdelrazik et al.
Summary: Solar energy has great potential in Africa to address energy and economic issues, but its implementation faces challenges in finance, technology, human resources, and the environment.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuchao Chen et al.
Summary: This study establishes a comprehensive CFD model to investigate the key factors of a coherent jet burner in modern EAF steelmaking. The model is validated by an experiment and used to explore the impact of different factors on burner energy utilization and provide guidance for more effective scrap melting.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Yiqun Ma
Summary: The study shows that China's steel prices were mainly influenced by iron ore prices from 2010 to 2020. These findings have potential implications for policymakers in utilizing market incentives to regulate investments and production capacities in the steel industry.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
S. Purohit et al.
Summary: The iron and steelmaking industry is actively seeking to reduce its carbon footprint by investing in fossil fuel-free steelmaking. This paper introduces a novel iron ore agglomeration process using concentrated solar flux to produce Lime Magnetite Pellets (LMP) which significantly reduces CO2 emissions. The economics of the solar-based LMP process is currently not attractive at current achievable reactor efficiencies, but with further advancements in technology, commercialization is possible.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Zhiyuan Fan et al.
Summary: With the urgency to transition to a net-zero CO2 economy, governments and industries are focusing on decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors like steel making. Current decarbonization technologies have limitations, and achieving deep decarbonization in the iron and steel industry will require a combination of factors including cost and technical maturity.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manuel Bailera et al.
Summary: This paper presents the first systematic review of Power to X processes applied to the iron and steel industry, classifying them into five categories and comparing results from different studies. It introduces novel concepts and summarizes important research projects and pilot facilities in the field.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Zhe Song et al.
Summary: Solar photovoltaic (PV) is a promising and highly cost-competitive technology for sustainable power supply, with continuous global growth. However, air pollution and soiling of PV modules prevail worldwide, potentially reducing solar PV power generation significantly. Soiling losses contribute to most of the total power reduction in most regions except in highly polluted areas.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Kaihui Ma et al.
Summary: This review systematically studies the utilization and impact of hydrogen in ironmaking processes, including the assisted reduction mechanism and kinetics, the impact on reduction behaviors, the performance prediction in ironmaking processes, and the applications of H-2 in different ironmaking processes before discussing the outlook of H-2 utilization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xinyu Zhang et al.
Summary: In the context of global climate change, steel companies have become major contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Many countries are focusing on emission reduction technologies in the steel industry, with various projects and initiatives aimed at optimizing the metallurgical industry and showcasing development direction and progress. This cutting-edge research is essential for shaping the future of the industry and addressing climate change.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Andrew J. Pimm et al.
Summary: This study evaluates the optimal combination of generation and storage technologies needed for hydrogen direct reduction of iron (H-DR) with electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking. The results show that the optimal energy system includes electrolysers, wind power, solar power, combined cycle gas with carbon capture, hydrogen storage, and compressed air energy storage. Maintaining dispatchable generation can significantly reduce the hydrogen storage requirements of the industry.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Ling-zhi Yang et al.
Summary: Increasing contents and temperature homogenization via fluid flow stirring is an effective method of improving production quality and smelting efficiency in the contemporary electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking industry. The trend for different factories with bowl-shaped furnaces is to apply the bath fluidity enhancement technology. Improvements in the EAF steelmaking process focus on reducing energy consumption and tap-to-tap time, requiring an essential understanding of every phase in the EAF steelmaking process.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peizhe Cui et al.
Summary: This study compared the water consumption of hydrogen production processes from biomass and coal, showing that biomass production consumed significantly more water than coal production, with biomass cultivation being the dominant contributor. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was used to demonstrate the impact of major factors on total water consumption.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Jun Zhao et al.
IRONMAKING & STEELMAKING
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Qian Xu et al.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Guangsheng Wei et al.
ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wenqiang Sun et al.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Quentin Bellouard et al.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hongshan Ai et al.
Article
Energy & Fuels
D. Fernandez-Gonzalez et al.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Lingzhi Yang et al.
ISIJ INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Suneeti Purohit et al.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Sheng Yang et al.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2017)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ling-zhi Yang et al.
HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES
(2017)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abdul Qadir et al.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2017)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Hong-tao Wang et al.
JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2017)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kun He et al.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanni Xuan et al.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2017)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nelson Sommerfeldt et al.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2015)
Article
Thermodynamics
Marcus Kirschen et al.
