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Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dong Yan et al.
Summary: We develop a reduced-order model for hard magnetorheological elastomer (hard-MRE) thin plates, propose a new magnetic potential, and validate the accuracy and prediction capability of the model through experiments.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lu Lu et al.
Summary: This article introduces strategies for facilitating easy snap-folding of hexagonal rings through geometric modifications. By incorporating residual strain and creating pre-twisted edges, it is possible to achieve easy snap-folding of the hexagonal ring with a simple point load or localized twist or squeeze.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuzhe Wang et al.
Summary: Millions of years of evolution have allowed animals to develop extraordinary locomotion capabilities, such as legless-jumping in click beetles and trap-jaw ants. Researchers have discovered a new concept called dynamic buckling cascading, which enables robots to jump like insects by using lightweight mechanisms for energy storage and release. The robots achieve impressive jumping distances and can be applied to various fields including proximity sensing, inspection, and search and rescue.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Weicheng Huang et al.
Summary: A numerical framework based on discrete differential geometry (DDG) is used to analyze the dynamics of bio-inspired cilia carpet robots powered by an external magnetic field. The model accurately captures the behavior of the active cilia and the carpet, and provides insights for the optimal design of cilia-inspired soft robots for biomedical applications. The framework is computationally efficient and can simulate dynamic locomotion such as crawling and rolling. (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Weicheng Huang et al.
Summary: The discrete elastic rods (DER) method is an efficient way to simulate the nonlinear dynamics of slender structures. However, it can only provide first-order stable equilibrium configurations. We propose a modified DER technique that converts it into a static framework and allows for bifurcation and stability analysis. This modified approach captures both stable and unstable equilibrium modes, critical points, and trace solution curves, providing a robust tool for understanding the behaviors of slender structures.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mingchao Liu et al.
Summary: The bistability of embedded elements provides a natural way to introduce reprogrammability to elastic meta-materials. The soft morphable sheet, with embedded bistable elements, allows programming of its state by snapping particular elements up or down, resulting in different overall shapes. However, the tendency for deformations induced by multiple elastic elements to cause large global shape bifurcations has limited the utilization of this programmability. This study investigates the cause of shape bifurcation in the soft morphable sheet and explores the limitations and deformation structure of a single bistable element, showing that appropriate lattice design can delay the shape bifurcation.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chengpeng Ma et al.
Summary: In this paper, the deformation behavior of nanowrinkles in monolayer graphene under out-of-plane compression is studied. It is found that nanowrinkles can flip to an opposite configuration via snap-through buckling. Four different buckling modes are identified based on the configuration evolution, and a unified phase diagram is constructed to describe these modes. The force-displacement curves for nanowrinkles with same axial pre-strain but different sizes can be scaled to collapse, except in cases with self-adhesion where the scaling collapse breaks down.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Eric M. Stewart et al.
Summary: This paper presents a continuum finite-deformation theory for magneto-viscoelasticity of hard-magnetic soft-elastomeric materials, which have great potential for applications requiring remote actuation, high flexibility, and low weight. The theory is numerically implemented and successfully used to simulate magnetically-induced snap-through experiments and the reversible snap-through eversion of a hemispherical shell.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aniket Pal et al.
Summary: Mechanical instabilities, such as bistable and multistable mechanisms, have attracted attention for enhancing the capabilities of soft robots and structures. This study proposes a simple approach to overcome the limitations of bistable mechanisms by dispersing magnetically active microparticles and using an external magnetic field to control their responses. The predictable and deterministic control of bistable elements under varying magnetic fields is experimentally demonstrated and numerically verified. This strategy enables precise control of transition waves in multistable lattices and the implementation of active elements for mechanical signal processing.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Weicheng Huang et al.
Summary: Hard-magnetic soft materials and structures have attracted wide attention in various engineering applications due to their rapid configurational transformation under non-contact magnetic stimuli. Predicting their mechanical responses is crucial for realizing their full potentials. In this work, we propose a discrete magneto-elastic rod model to analyze the mechanical behaviors of slender structures made of HMS materials. The model considers the dipole-dipole interaction and viscous effect and significantly improves the computational efficiency for simulating the mechanical, especially dynamic, behaviors of hard-magnetic slender structures.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoonho Kim et al.
Summary: This review discusses recent progress in the design and fabrication, modeling and simulation, and actuation and control of magnetic soft materials and robots. Design guidelines for optimal actuation performance are provided, as well as potential biomedical applications and perspectives on next-generation magnetic soft robots.
Review
Mechanics
Sergio Lucarini et al.
Summary: Hard-magnetic soft composites, composed of magneto-active polymers and hard-magnetic particles, have seen significant advancements in recent years. The ability to control ferromagnetic patterns during manufacturing process has opened up new opportunities for designing smart components in biomedical engineering and soft robotics fields.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Dipayan Mukherjee et al.
Summary: This work presents a unified modeling framework for both hard and soft magnetorheological elastomers (MREs), including the response of soft MREs as a limiting case. The proposed framework provides efficient numerical solutions for boundary value problems involving both hard and soft MREs. The calculations for the deflection of a pre-magnetized cantilever show excellent agreement with experimental data. The analysis also demonstrates the effects of pre-magnetization profiling and particle concentration on the actuation performance and residual magnetic field of the MRE structures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tomohiko G. Sano et al.
Summary: This paper presents an effective theory for MRE rods under geometrically nonlinear deformation in three dimensions and validates the theory through precision experiments. However, the experiments show that long-range dipole-dipole interactions, neglected in the theory, may play a role in the material's behavior.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Yoonho Kim et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neng Xia et al.
Summary: A magnetic regulation approach is developed to achieve controllable transformation of morphable structures and uncover their dynamic modulation mechanism and potential applications. By encoding magnetic profiles, magnetic inputs drive various morphological transformations and geometric reconfigurations, allowing for predetermined and controlled buckling states. The dynamic modulations can be applied to build systems with switchable fluidic properties and achieve capabilities such as fluidic manipulation, selective particle trapping, sensitivity-enhanced biomedical analysis, and soft robotics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rui Li et al.
Summary: Inspired by origami/kirigami, this study introduces a magnetically encoded transferable 3D mesostructure with high-order shape morphing and high-frequency actuation capabilities, which is applied for multiple functional devices.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Kai Tan et al.
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic responses of a hard magneto-active arch under different external magnetic fields, and finds that it can undergo rapid configuration change through snap-through instability. This is of great importance for designing robust devices of hard magneto-active elastomers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Pezzulla et al.
Summary: We develop a reduced model for hard-magnetic, thin, linear-elastic shells that can be actuated by an external magnetic field. Through numerical analysis, we derive a simplified two-dimensional magneto-elastic energy and provide a physical interpretation by expanding the energy up to the second order. By comparing with a three-dimensional nonlinear model, we verify the effectiveness of our model. This model is of great significance for the rational design of magnetic structures.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
S. Macrae Montgomery et al.
Summary: The new magneto-mechanical metamaterial allows for great tunability through a novel concept of deformation mode branching. The architecture of this metamaterial employs hard-magnetic soft active materials, enabling two distinct actuation modes under opposite-direction magnetic fields.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xu Cheng et al.
Summary: This paper systematically investigates the nonlinear compressive deformations and mode transitions of bridge-shaped and helical mesostructures assembled through controlled lateral buckling. A finite deformation model is developed based on the elastica theory, validated by experiments and FEA. Five distinct deformation modes could possibly occur during the compression of helical mesostructures, with mode transitions mainly arising from downward collapse in the middle or side region of the mesostructure. These results provide design guidelines for the development of 3D flexible electronic devices, especially for biointegrated applications.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fan Zhang et al.
Summary: This study proposes a method for achieving deformable structures at the millimeter scale using electromagnetic actuation and design strategies, overcoming challenges in traditional materials and small-scale deployable and morphable structures. By designing custom low-rigidity 3D structures, remote-controlled electromagnetic actuation can be achieved to obtain rapid, reversible deformation effects, as well as reconfigurable mesostructures.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dong Yan et al.
Summary: Shell buckling, traditionally seen as a catastrophic phenomenon to be avoided for engineering structures, is found to be subcritical and highly sensitive to imperfections. This study presents a mechanism to dynamically tune the buckling strength of shells by exploiting the coupling between mechanics and magnetism. By using pressurized spherical shells made of hard-magnetic elastomer, the researchers demonstrate how buckling pressure can be adjusted via magnetic actuation, supported by a theoretical model in excellent agreement with experiments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yunteng Cao et al.
Summary: Bistable mechanical systems with two local minima of potential energy can stay in stable equilibrium states without external loadings and are widely used for designing advanced functional systems.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Kuang et al.
Summary: The magnetic dynamic polymer (MDP) composite, consisting of hard-magnetic microparticles in a dynamic polymer network, enables functionalities such as magnetization reprogramming, targeted welding for magnetic-assisted assembly, and permanent structural reconfiguration, providing potential for manufacturing functional soft architected materials.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dipayan Mukherjee et al.
Summary: This study provides a modeling framework to describe the behavior of hard magnetorheological elastomers, showing good agreement between the model and numerical homogenization estimates, especially for stiff to moderately-soft matrix materials. The model considers a rotation-dependent remanent magnetic field as an internal variable and does not require an additional mechanical internal variable. Predictions from the model match well with experimental data.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuwei Ju et al.
Summary: Magnetic soft robots have gained increasing attention for their advantages and potential applications, with a new method for flexible and reconfigurable magnetization distribution. Various superior magnetic soft robots have been developed, paving the way for practical applications and future development of soft robots.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yingchao Zhang et al.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2020)
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Liu Wang et al.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heng Deng et al.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ruike Zhao et al.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2019)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ya Li et al.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica A. -C. Liu et al.
Review
Physics, Applied
Dominic Vella
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2019)
Article
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Sontipee Aimmanee et al.
JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MATERIAL SYSTEMS AND STRUCTURES
(2018)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tian Chen et al.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jakob A. Faber et al.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoonho Kim et al.
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Physics, Applied
Xue Hou et al.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2018)
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Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guo Zhan Lum et al.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2016)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Keith A. Seffen et al.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Vivek Ramachandran et al.
EXTREME MECHANICS LETTERS
(2016)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Pandey et al.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Danas et al.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Douglas P. Holmes et al.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2007)
Article
Mechanics
Corrado Maurini et al.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
(2007)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y Forterre et al.
Article
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A Dorfmann et al.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS A-SOLIDS
(2003)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
MTA Saif
JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
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