期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 24, 期 15, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512414
关键词
single-molecule force spectroscopy; atomic force microscopy; nonspecific interaction; surface modification
Nonspecific interactions play a significant role in various physiological processes and require effective control in scientific and biomedical applications. This study introduces Y-shape PEG as a promising candidate for minimizing nonspecific binding, demonstrated through single-molecule force spectroscopy and fluorescence staining imaging experiments. The results indicate that Y-shape PEG effectively blocks nonspecific interactions and offers potential applications in surface modification and adhesives.
Nonspecific interactions play a significant role in physiological activities, surface chemical modification, and artificial adhesives. However, nonspecificity sometimes causes sticky problems, including surface fouling, decreased target specificity, and artifacts in single-molecule measurements. Adjusting the liquid pH, using protein-blocking additives, adding nonionic surfactants, or increasing the salt concentration are common methods to minimize nonspecific binding to achieve high-quality data. Here, we report that grafting heteromorphic polyethylene glycol (Y-shape PEG) with two inert terminates could noticeably decrease nonspecific binding. As a proof-of-concept, we performed single-molecule force spectroscopy and fluorescence staining imaging experiments to verify the feasibility of Y-shape PEG in blocking nonspecific interactions. Our results indicate that Y-shape PEG could serve as a prominent and efficient candidate to minimize nonspecificity for scientific and biomedical applications.
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