Research Progress of Macromolecules in the Prevention and Treatment of Sepsis

Sepsis is associated with high rates of mortality in the intensive care unit and accompanied by systemic inflammatory reactions, secondary infections, and multiple organ failure. Biological macromolecules are drugs produced using modern biotechnology to prevent or treat diseases. Indeed, antithrombin, antimicrobial peptides, interleukins, antibodies, nucleic acids, and lentinan have been used to prevent and treat sepsis. In vitro, biological macromolecules can significantly ameliorate the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and multiple organ failure caused by sepsis. Several biological macromolecules have entered clinical trials. This review summarizes the sources, efficacy, mechanism of action, and research progress of macromolecular drugs used in the prevention and treatment of sepsis.

Automated summary

Sepsis is a severe condition in the intensive care unit, resulting in high mortality rates and various complications. Macromolecular drugs produced through biotechnology have been used to prevent and treat sepsis, including antithrombin, antimicrobial peptides, interleukins, antibodies, nucleic acids, and lentinan. In vitro studies have shown that these biological macromolecules can effectively alleviate the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and organ failure caused by sepsis. Clinical trials have been conducted, and this review provides a comprehensive summary of the sources, efficacy, mechanism of action, and research progress of macromolecular drugs used in sepsis prevention and treatment.